Skip to main content
PMC home page
Epidemiology and Infection logoLink to Epidemiology and Infection
. 1989 Apr;102(2):325–333. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800030004

Natural or vaccine-induced antibody as a predictor of immunity in the face of natural challenge with influenza viruses.

J R Davies 1, E A Grilli 1
PMCID: PMC2249427  PMID: 2703026

Abstract

A study of influenza in residential schools provided the opportunity to assess the significance of antibody as a predictor of immunity. Five hundred and fifty-six pupils from 8 schools were included in the investigations, and the outcome for these children in 27 naturally occurring outbreaks of influenza was analysed. The outbreaks comprised 5 caused by strains of influenza A H3N2, 10 caused by strains of influenza A H1N1, and 12 caused by strains of influenza B. On 8 occasions a second outbreak of the same serotype occurred in a school. There was a general correlation between the presence of antibody to the outbreak strain and protection from infection. For each of the three influenza virus serotypes the infection rate in those with no detectable antibody was approximately 80%. Those with past experience of the virus but no antibody to the outbreak strain experienced lower infection rates (62% overall) but the infection rates were lowest in those with intermediate and high level antibody to the challenge strain (18% overall). Vaccine was used by three of the schools. The effect of antibody derived from recent experience, either natural or vaccine-induced, on subsequent challenge with a drifted strain i.e. one showing antigenic drift away from the previous strain, was compared. Intermediate or high level antibody to the challenge strain in those who had experienced a recent natural infection was associated with a low infection rate (9%). A similar level of antibody produced in response to vaccination was associated with a significantly higher infection rate (23%: P less than 0.025).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Full text

PDF
325

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Al-Khayatt R., Jennings R., Potter C. W. Interpretation of responses and protective levels of antibody against attenuated influenza A viruses using single radial haemolysis. J Hyg (Lond) 1984 Oct;93(2):301–312. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400064834. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cate T. R., Couch R. B., Parker D., Baxter B. Reactogenicity, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence in adults given inactivated influenza virus vaccines - 1978. Rev Infect Dis. 1983 Jul-Aug;5(4):737–747. doi: 10.1093/clinids/5.4.737. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chakraverty P., Cunningham P., Shen G. Z., Pereira M. S. Influenza in the United Kingdom 1982-85. J Hyg (Lond) 1986 Oct;97(2):347–358. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400065438. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Delem A., Jovanovic D. Correlation between rate of infection and preexisting titer of serum antibody as determined by single radial hemolysis during and epidemic of influenza A/Victoria/3/75. J Infect Dis. 1978 Feb;137(2):194–196. doi: 10.1093/infdis/137.2.194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Grilli E. A., Davies J. R. Influenza B at Christ's Hospital: natural antibody to influenza B estimated by radial haemolysis. J Hyg (Lond) 1981 Oct;87(2):211–218. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400069424. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Grilli E. A., Davies J. R., Smith A. J. Infection with influenza A H1N1. 1. Production and persistence of antibody. J Hyg (Lond) 1986 Apr;96(2):335–343. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400066080. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Grilli E. A., Smith A. J. The use of a radial haemolysis test for neuraminidase antibodies in the diagnosis of influenza A infection. J Hyg (Lond) 1983 Aug;91(1):147–156. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400060125. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hobson D., Curry R. L., Beare A. S., Ward-Gardner A. The role of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody in protection against challenge infection with influenza A2 and B viruses. J Hyg (Lond) 1972 Dec;70(4):767–777. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400022610. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jennings R., Smith T. L., Mellersh A. R., Clark A., Spencer R. C., Potter C. W. Antibody response and persistence in volunteers following immunization with varying dosages of a trivalent surface antigen influenza virus vaccine. J Hyg (Lond) 1985 Feb;94(1):87–95. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400061167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Oxford J. S., Schild G. C., Potter C. W., Jennings R. The specificity of the anti-haemagglutinin antibody response induced in man by inactivated influenza vaccines and by natural infection. J Hyg (Lond) 1979 Feb;82(1):51–61. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400025468. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Pereira M. S., Chakraverty P. Influenza in the United Kingdom 1977-1981. J Hyg (Lond) 1982 Jun;88(3):501–512. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400070352. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pereira M. S., Chakraverty P. The laboratory surveillance of influenza epidemics in the United Kingdom 1968-1976. J Hyg (Lond) 1977 Aug;79(1):77–87. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400052876. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Smith A. J., Davies J. R. Natural infection with influenza A (H3N2). The development, persistance and effect of antibodies to the surface antigens. J Hyg (Lond) 1976 Oct;77(2):271–282. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400024712. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Wesselius-de Casparis A., Masurel N., Kerrebijn K. F. Field trial with human and equine influenza vaccines in children: protection and antibody titres. Bull World Health Organ. 1972;46(2):151–157. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Epidemiology and Infection are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES