Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Epidemiology and Infection logoLink to Epidemiology and Infection
. 1995 Feb;114(1):51–63. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800051906

Molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of Vibrio cholerae non-O1.

A Dalsgaard 1, O Serichantalergs 1, C Pitarangsi 1, P Echeverria 1
PMCID: PMC2271332  PMID: 7867743

Abstract

A collection of 64 clinical and environmental Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains isolated in Asia and Peru were characterized by molecular methods and antibiotic susceptibility testing. All strains were resistant to at least 1 and 80% were resistant to two or more antibiotics. Several strains showed multiple antibiotic resistance (> or = three antibiotics). Plasmids most often of low molecular weight were found in 21/64 (33%) strains. The presence of plasmids did not correlate with antibiotic resistance or influence ribotype patterns. In colony hybridization studies 63/64 (98%) V. cholerae non-O1 strains were cholera toxin negative, whereas only strains recovered from patients were heat-stable enterotoxin positive. Forty-seven Bgl I ribotypes were observed. No correlation was shown between ribotype and toxin gene status. Ribotype similarity was compared by cluster analysis and two main groups of 13 and 34 ribotypes was found. Ribotyping is apparently a useful epidemiological tool in investigations of V. cholerae non-O1 infections.

Full text

PDF
51

Images in this article

57Fig. 1
on p.57

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adkins H. J., Escamilla J., Santiago L. T., Rañoa C., Echeverria P., Cross J. H. Two-year survey of etiologic agents of diarrheal disease at San Lazaro Hospital, Manila, Republic of the Philippines. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Jul;25(7):1143–1147. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.7.1143-1147.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Albert M. J., Siddique A. K., Islam M. S., Faruque A. S., Ansaruzzaman M., Faruque S. M., Sack R. B. Large outbreak of clinical cholera due to Vibrio cholerae non-O1 in Bangladesh. Lancet. 1993 Mar 13;341(8846):704–704. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)90481-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Amaro C., Aznar R., Garay E., Alcaide E. R plasmids in environmental Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Nov;54(11):2771–2776. doi: 10.1128/aem.54.11.2771-2776.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Arita M., Takeda T., Honda T., Miwatani T. Purification and characterization of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 heat-stable enterotoxin. Infect Immun. 1986 Apr;52(1):45–49. doi: 10.1128/iai.52.1.45-49.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bagchi K., Echeverria P., Arthur J. D., Sethabutr O., Serichantalergs O., Hoge C. W. Epidemic of diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae non-O1 that produced heat-stable toxin among Khmers in a camp in Thailand. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 May;31(5):1315–1317. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.5.1315-1317.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Barja J. L., Santos Y., Huq I., Colwell R. R., Toranzo A. E. Plasmids and factors associated with virulence in environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 in Bangladesh. J Med Microbiol. 1990 Oct;33(2):107–114. doi: 10.1099/00222615-33-2-107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bauer A. W., Kirby W. M., Sherris J. C., Turck M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol. 1966 Apr;45(4):493–496. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Blanc D. S., Siegrist H. H., Sahli R., Francioli P. Ribotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: discriminatory power and usefulness as a tool for epidemiological studies. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Jan;31(1):71–77. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.1.71-77.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Desenclos J. C., Klontz K. C., Wolfe L. E., Hoecherl S. The risk of Vibrio illness in the Florida raw oyster eating population, 1981-1988. Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Aug 1;134(3):290–297. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116084. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Faruque S. M., Albert J. Genetic relation between Vibrio cholerae O1 strains in Ecuador and Bangladesh. Lancet. 1992 Mar 21;339(8795):740–741. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90636-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Grimont F., Grimont P. A. Ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene restriction patterns as potential taxonomic tools. Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol. 1986 Sep-Oct;137B(2):165–175. doi: 10.1016/s0769-2609(86)80105-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hoge C. W., Sethabutr O., Bodhidatta L., Echeverria P., Robertson D. C., Morris J. G., Jr Use of a synthetic oligonucleotide probe to detect strains of non-serovar O1 Vibrio cholerae carrying the gene for heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST). J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Jun;28(6):1473–1476. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.6.1473-1476.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hunter P. R., Gaston M. A. Numerical index of the discriminatory ability of typing systems: an application of Simpson's index of diversity. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Nov;26(11):2465–2466. doi: 10.1128/jcm.26.11.2465-2466.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kado C. I., Liu S. T. Rapid procedure for detection and isolation of large and small plasmids. J Bacteriol. 1981 Mar;145(3):1365–1373. doi: 10.1128/jb.145.3.1365-1373.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kaper J., Lockman H., Colwell R. R., Joseph S. W. Ecology, serology, and enterotoxin production of Vibrio cholerae in Chesapeake Bay. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Jan;37(1):91–103. doi: 10.1128/aem.37.1.91-103.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kaysner C. A., Abeyta C., Jr, Wekell M. M., DePaola A., Jr, Stott R. F., Leitch J. M. Incidence of Vibrio cholerae from estuaries of the United States West Coast. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Jun;53(6):1344–1348. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.6.1344-1348.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Koblavi S., Grimont F., Grimont P. A. Clonal diversity of Vibrio cholerae O1 evidenced by rRNA gene restriction patterns. Res Microbiol. 1990 Jul-Aug;141(6):645–657. doi: 10.1016/0923-2508(90)90059-y. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Maas R. An improved colony hybridization method with significantly increased sensitivity for detection of single genes. Plasmid. 1983 Nov;10(3):296–298. doi: 10.1016/0147-619x(83)90045-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Morris J. G., Jr, Takeda T., Tall B. D., Losonsky G. A., Bhattacharya S. K., Forrest B. D., Kay B. A., Nishibuchi M. Experimental non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in humans. J Clin Invest. 1990 Mar;85(3):697–705. doi: 10.1172/JCI114494. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Newland J. W., Voll M. J., McNicol L. A. Serology and plasmid carriage in Vibrio cholerae. Can J Microbiol. 1984 Sep;30(9):1149–1156. doi: 10.1139/m84-180. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ogawa A., Kato J., Watanabe H., Nair B. G., Takeda T. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a heat-stable enterotoxin gene from Vibrio cholerae non-O1 isolated from a patient with traveler's diarrhea. Infect Immun. 1990 Oct;58(10):3325–3329. doi: 10.1128/iai.58.10.3325-3329.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Olsen J. E., Brown D. J., Baggesen D. L., Bisgaard M. Biochemical and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar berta, and comparison of methods for typing. Epidemiol Infect. 1992 Apr;108(2):243–260. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800049724. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Olsen J. E., Larsen J. L. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the Vibrio anguillarum serovar O1 virulence plasmid. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Oct;56(10):3130–3132. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.10.3130-3132.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Piersimoni C., Morbiducci V., Scalise G. Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis and bacteraemia. Lancet. 1991 Mar 30;337(8744):791–792. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)91409-n. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Pitrak D. L., Gindorf J. D. Bacteremic cellulitis caused by non-serogroup O1 Vibrio cholerae acquired in a freshwater inland lake. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Dec;27(12):2874–2876. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.12.2874-2876.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Popovic T., Bopp C., Olsvik O., Wachsmuth K. Epidemiologic application of a standardized ribotype scheme for Vibrio cholerae O1. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Sep;31(9):2474–2482. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.9.2474-2482.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ramamurthy T., Bag P. K., Pal A., Bhattacharya S. K., Bhattacharya M. K., Shimada T., Takeda T., Karasawa T., Kurazono H., Takeda Y. Virulence patterns of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strains isolated from hospitalised patients with acute diarrhoea in Calcutta, India. J Med Microbiol. 1993 Oct;39(4):310–317. doi: 10.1099/00222615-39-4-310. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Shehabi A. A., Drexler H., Richardson S. H. Virulence mechanisms associated with clinical isolates of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1986 Apr;261(2):232–239. doi: 10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80040-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Wright A. C., Guo Y., Johnson J. A., Nataro J. P., Morris J. G., Jr Development and testing of a nonradioactive DNA oligonucleotide probe that is specific for Vibrio cholerae cholera toxin. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Sep;30(9):2302–2306. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.9.2302-2306.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Epidemiology and Infection are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES