Abstract
The high incidence of heart murmurs in young people contrasts with the relatively small number having heart disease. However, sudden death due to heart disease does occur in athletes. The physician interested in sports has a two-fold responsibility. He is obligated to protect the athlete from major harm, and at the same time must guard against over-caution leading to iatrogenic heart disease.
Each prospective candidate for organized sporting events should be assessed with a detailed history, physical examination, electrocardiogram and chest x-ray. If cardiac disease is suspected then hemodynamic catheterization studies become necessary to establish a definite diagnosis as well as to assess the functional capacity of the heart.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Campbell M. The natural history of congenital aortic stenosis. Br Heart J. 1968 Jul;30(4):514–526. doi: 10.1136/hrt.30.4.514. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Durnin R. E., Ehmke D. A. Clinical approach to heart murmurs heard during a pre-football examination. J Iowa Med Soc. 1969 Sep;59(9):826–832. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Durnin R. E., Stanton R. E., Gallaher M. E., Golding R. E., Gathman G., Fyler D. C. Heart-sound screening in children. Use of a portable analog-digital computer (field study--Los Angeles 1966). JAMA. 1968 Mar 25;203(13):1113–1118. doi: 10.1001/jama.203.13.1113. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- James T. N., Froggatt P., Marshall T. K. Sudden death in young athletes. Ann Intern Med. 1967 Nov;67(5):1013–1021. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-67-5-1013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marcano B. A., Moss A. J. Spurious heart disease in athletic children. J Pediatr. 1968 May;72(5):664–668. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(68)80009-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miller R. A., Stamler J., Smith J. M., Milne W. S., Paul M. H., Abrams I., Hastreiter A. R., Restivo R. M., DeBoer L. The detection of heart disease in children. Results of mass field trials with use of tape recorded heart sounds. II. The Michigan City study. Circulation. 1965 Dec;32(6):956–965. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.32.6.956. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith J. M., Stamler J., Miller R. A., Paul M. H., Abrams I., Restivo R. M., DeBoer L. The detection of heart disease in children. Results of mass field trials with use of tape recorded heart sounds. 3. The Chicago area high school study. Circulation. 1965 Dec;32(6):966–976. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.32.6.966. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]