Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1995 Sep;33(9):2395–2399. doi: 10.1128/jcm.33.9.2395-2399.1995

Evaluation of Rapid ATB Staph for 5-hour antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus. Groupement pour le Dépistage, L'Etude et la Prévention des Infections Hospitalières-Groep ter Opsporing, Studie en Preventie van Infecties in de Ziekenhuizen.

M J Struelens 1, C Nonhoff 1, P van der Auwera 1, R Mertens 1, E Serruys 1
PMCID: PMC228422  PMID: 7494035

Abstract

The accuracy of Rapid ATB Staph (bioMérieux, La Balme-Les Grottes, France) for detection of oxacillin resistance and for detection susceptibility to 11 other antimicrobial agents in 553 and 519 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, respectively, was evaluated by comparing results with those produced by oxacillin agar screen and agar dilution methods, respectively. Further characterization of isolates with discrepant results for oxacillin testing was done by PCR detection of the nuc and mecA genes. By oxacillin agar screening, there were 307 oxacillin-resistant and 246 oxacillin-susceptible isolates. Rapid ATB results were obtained in 5 h for 515 (93.2%) of the isolates tested. Rapid ATB showed 97.0% sensitivity for detection of oxacillin resistance, confirmed by the presence of the mecA gene. After repeat testing of isolates flagged by the ATB software as possible errors, sensitivity increased to 99% for oxacillin-resistant isolates. Essential agreement with agar dilution testing for susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin, as estimated by Youden's J statistic, was > 0.90. Subpopulations of isolates with significantly increased MICs of amikacin, rifampin, and minocycline, indicating borderline susceptibility, were detected by Rapid ATB and categorized as resistant. Rapid ATB Staph showed adequate accuracy for detection within 5 h of the oxacillin- and multiple-drug-resistant S. aureus isolates currently prevalent in Belgium.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (232.8 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brakstad O. G., Maeland J. A., Tveten Y. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of genes for Staphylococcus aureus thermonuclease and methicillin resistance and correlation with oxacillin resistance. APMIS. 1993 Sep;101(9):681–688. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1993.tb00165.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Doern G. V., Vautour R., Gaudet M., Levy B. Clinical impact of rapid in vitro susceptibility testing and bacterial identification. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Jul;32(7):1757–1762. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.7.1757-1762.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. French G. L., Cheng A. F., Ling J. M., Mo P., Donnan S. Hong Kong strains of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus have similar virulence. J Hosp Infect. 1990 Feb;15(2):117–125. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(90)90120-d. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Fung-Tomc J., Huczko E., Gradelski E., Denbleyker K., Bonner D. P., Kessler R. E. Emergence of homogeneously methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Dec;29(12):2880–2883. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.12.2880-2883.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gayral J. P., Albertini M. T., Gallice E., Olléon M. Rapid ATB staph: antibiogramme en quatre heures des staphylococcus. Description et performances. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1986 May;34(5):364–367. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hackbarth C. J., Chambers H. F. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci: detection methods and treatment of infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Jul;33(7):995–999. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.7.995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hackbarth C. J., Chambers H. F. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci: genetics and mechanisms of resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Jul;33(7):991–994. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.7.991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hansen S. L., Freedy P. K. Variation in the abilities of automated, commercial, and reference methods to detect methicillin-resistant (heteroresistant) Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Sep;20(3):494–499. doi: 10.1128/jcm.20.3.494-499.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jorgensen J. H. Selection criteria for an antimicrobial susceptibility testing system. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Nov;31(11):2841–2844. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.11.2841-2844.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Knapp C. C., Ludwig M. D., Washington J. A. Evaluation of BBL crystal MRSA ID system. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Oct;32(10):2588–2589. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.10.2588-2589.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Knapp C. C., Ludwig M. D., Washington J. A. Evaluation of differential inoculum disk diffusion method and Vitek GPS-SA card for detection of oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Feb;32(2):433–436. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.2.433-436.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Qadri S. M., Ueno Y., Imambaccus H., Almodovar E. Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Crystal MRSA ID System. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Jul;32(7):1830–1832. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.7.1830-1832.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Richard P., Meyran M., Carpentier E., Thabaut A., Drugeon H. B. Comparison of phenotypic methods and DNA hybridization for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Mar;32(3):613–617. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.3.613-617.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Skulnick M., Simor A. E., Gregson D., Patel M., Small G. W., Kreiswirth B., Hathoway D., Low D. E. Evaluation of commercial and standard methodology for determination of oxacillin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Aug;30(8):1985–1988. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.8.1985-1988.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Soussy C. J., Duval J. Etat actuel de la résistance des staphylocoques aux aminosides. Nouv Presse Med. 1979 Oct 31;8(42):3413–3416. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Struelens M. J., Bax R., Deplano A., Quint W. G., Van Belkum A. Concordant clonal delineation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by macrorestriction analysis and polymerase chain reaction genome fingerprinting. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Aug;31(8):1964–1970. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.8.1964-1970.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Unal S., Werner K., DeGirolami P., Barsanti F., Eliopoulos G. Comparison of tests for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a clinical microbiology laboratory. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Feb;38(2):345–347. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.2.345. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Voss A., Milatovic D., Wallrauch-Schwarz C., Rosdahl V. T., Braveny I. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1994 Jan;13(1):50–55. doi: 10.1007/BF02026127. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Woods G. L., LaTemple D., Cruz C. Evaluation of MicroScan rapid gram-positive panels for detection of oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Apr;32(4):1058–1059. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.4.1058-1059.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. YOUDEN W. J. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer. 1950 Jan;3(1):32–35. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::aid-cncr2820030106>3.0.co;2-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. de Lencastre H., Sá Figueiredo A. M., Urban C., Rahal J., Tomasz A. Multiple mechanisms of methicillin resistance and improved methods for detection in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991 Apr;35(4):632–639. doi: 10.1128/aac.35.4.632. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES