Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1995 Dec;33(12):3296–3299. doi: 10.1128/jcm.33.12.3296-3299.1995

Sexual and in-contact transmission of asinine strain of equine arteritis virus among donkeys.

J T Paweska 1, D H Volkmann 1, B J Barnard 1, E D Chirnside 1
PMCID: PMC228691  PMID: 8586720

Abstract

Two in a group of five naturally seropositive donkey stallions were found to shed equine arteritis virus (EAV) in their semen as demonstrated by virus isolation. Direct intramuscular inoculation of sonicated semen from one virus-shedding stallion (S3) caused clinical disease in two donkeys from which virus was recovered and in which seroconversion was detected. Sexual transmission was confirmed in two mares mated to S3 when after a febrile response during which EAV was isolated from huffy coats and nasal and ocular exudates, both mares were found to have seroconverted. In-contact transmission in a susceptible stallion was demonstrated after its exposure to a sexually infected mare. The 3' end of the asinine virus was amplified directly from donkey semen with EAV-specific primers, and its nucleotide sequence was found to be homologous to that of the prototype Bucyrus virus isolated from horses. These results indicate that EAV and its disease transmission are analogous in donkeys and horses.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (183.5 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BRYANS J. T., DOLL E. R., KNAPPENBERGER R. E. An outbreak of abortion caused by the equine arteritis virus. Cornell Vet. 1957 Jan;47(1):69–75. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chirnside E. D. Equine arteritis virus: an overview. Br Vet J. 1992 May-Jun;148(3):181–197. doi: 10.1016/0007-1935(92)90044-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chirnside E. D., Francis P. M., de Vries A. A., Sinclair R., Mumford J. A. Development and evaluation of an ELISA using recombinant fusion protein to detect the presence of host antibody to equine arteritis virus. J Virol Methods. 1995 Jul;54(1):1–13. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(95)00020-U. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chirnside E. D., Spaan W. J. Reverse transcription and cDNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction of equine arteritis virus (EAV). J Virol Methods. 1990 Nov;30(2):133–140. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(90)90014-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chirnside E. D., Wearing C. M., Binns M. M., Mumford J. A. Comparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates. J Gen Virol. 1994 Jun;75(Pt 6):1491–1497. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-75-6-1491. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fukunaga Y., McCollum W. H. Complement-fixation reactions in equine viral arteritis. Am J Vet Res. 1977 Dec;38(12):2043–2046. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Golnik W., Michalska Z., Michalak T. Natural equine viral arteritis in foals. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1981 Oct;123(10):523–533. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. McCollum W. H. Development of a modified virus strain and vaccine for equine viral arteritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1969 Jul 15;155(2):318–322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. McCollum W. H., Prickett M. E., Bryans J. T. Temporal distribution of equine arteritis virus in respiratory mucosa, tissues and body fluids of horses infected by inhalation. Res Vet Sci. 1971 Sep;12(5):459–464. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Moraillon A., Moraillon R. Results of an epidemiological investigation on viral arteritis in France and some other European and African countries. Ann Rech Vet. 1978;9(1):43–54. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Murphy T. W., McCollum W. H., Timoney P. J., Klingeborn B. W., Hyllseth B., Golnik W., Erasmus B. Genomic variability among globally distributed isolates of equine arteritis virus. Vet Microbiol. 1992 Sep;32(2):101–115. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(92)90099-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Paweska J. T., Barnard B. J. Serological evidence of equine arteritis virus in donkeys in South Africa. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1993 Jun;60(2):155–158. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Revision of the taxonomy of the Coronavirus, Torovirus and Arterivirus genera. Arch Virol. 1994;135(1-2):227–237. doi: 10.1007/BF01309782. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Timoney P. J., McCollum W. H., Murphy T. W., Roberts A. W., Willard J. G., Carswell G. D. The carrier state in equine arteritis virus infection in the stallion with specific emphasis on the venereal mode of virus transmission. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1987;35:95–102. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Timoney P. J., McCollum W. H., Roberts A. W., Murphy T. W. Demonstration of the carrier state in naturally acquired equine arteritis virus infection in the stallion. Res Vet Sci. 1986 Sep;41(2):279–280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Vaala W. E., Hamir A. N., Dubovi E. J., Timoney P. J., Ruiz B. Fatal, congenitally acquired infection with equine arteritis virus in a neonatal thoroughbred. Equine Vet J. 1992 Mar;24(2):155–158. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02803.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Wood J. L., Chirnside E. D., Mumford J. A., Higgins A. J. First recorded outbreak of equine viral arteritis in the United Kingdom. Vet Rec. 1995 Apr 15;136(15):381–385. doi: 10.1136/vr.136.15.381. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. den Boon J. A., Snijder E. J., Chirnside E. D., de Vries A. A., Horzinek M. C., Spaan W. J. Equine arteritis virus is not a togavirus but belongs to the coronaviruslike superfamily. J Virol. 1991 Jun;65(6):2910–2920. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.6.2910-2920.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES