Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Cell Biology logoLink to The Journal of Cell Biology
. 1991 Nov 2;115(4):887–903. doi: 10.1083/jcb.115.4.887

An analysis of vertebrate mRNA sequences: intimations of translational control

PMCID: PMC2289952  PMID: 1955461

Abstract

Five structural features in mRNAs have been found to contribute to the fidelity and efficiency of initiation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Scrutiny of vertebrate cDNA sequences in light of these criteria reveals a set of transcripts--encoding oncoproteins, growth factors, transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins--that seem designed to be translated poorly. Thus, throttling at the level of translation may be a critical component of gene regulation in vertebrates. An alternative interpretation is that some (perhaps many) cDNAs with encumbered 5' noncoding sequences represent mRNA precursors, which would imply extensive regulation at a posttranscriptional step that precedes translation.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (2.3 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abraham J. A., Whang J. L., Tumolo A., Mergia A., Friedman J., Gospodarowicz D., Fiddes J. C. Human basic fibroblast growth factor: nucleotide sequence and genomic organization. EMBO J. 1986 Oct;5(10):2523–2528. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04530.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Acampora D., D'Esposito M., Faiella A., Pannese M., Migliaccio E., Morelli F., Stornaiuolo A., Nigro V., Simeone A., Boncinelli E. The human HOX gene family. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Dec 25;17(24):10385–10402. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.24.10385. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Acland P., Dixon M., Peters G., Dickson C. Subcellular fate of the int-2 oncoprotein is determined by choice of initiation codon. Nature. 1990 Feb 15;343(6259):662–665. doi: 10.1038/343662a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Alcorta D. A., Crews C. M., Sweet L. J., Bankston L., Jones S. W., Erikson R. L. Sequence and expression of chicken and mouse rsk: homologs of Xenopus laevis ribosomal S6 kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Sep;9(9):3850–3859. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.9.3850. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Alfieri C., Birkenbach M., Kieff E. Early events in Epstein-Barr virus infection of human B lymphocytes. Virology. 1991 Apr;181(2):595–608. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90893-g. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Amy C. M., Witkowski A., Naggert J., Williams B., Randhawa Z., Smith S. Molecular cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding the entire rat fatty acid synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3114–3118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.9.3114. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Anand R., Lindstrom J. Nucleotide sequence of the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta 2 subunit gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jul 25;18(14):4272–4272. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.14.4272. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Angel P., Allegretto E. A., Okino S. T., Hattori K., Boyle W. J., Hunter T., Karin M. Oncogene jun encodes a sequence-specific trans-activator similar to AP-1. Nature. 1988 Mar 10;332(6160):166–171. doi: 10.1038/332166a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Aplan P. D., Begley C. G., Bertness V., Nussmeier M., Ezquerra A., Coligan J., Kirsch I. R. The SCL gene is formed from a transcriptionally complex locus. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;10(12):6426–6435. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.12.6426. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Arrick B. A., Lee A. L., Grendell R. L., Derynck R. Inhibition of translation of transforming growth factor-beta 3 mRNA by its 5' untranslated region. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Sep;11(9):4306–4313. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.9.4306. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Awgulewitsch A., Bieberich C., Bogarad L., Shashikant C., Ruddle F. H. Structural analysis of the Hox-3.1 transcription unit and the Hox-3.2--Hox-3.1 intergenic region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(16):6428–6432. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.16.6428. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Bacher N., Zisman Y., Berent E., Livneh E. Isolation and characterization of PKC-L, a new member of the protein kinase C-related gene family specifically expressed in lung, skin, and heart. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jan;11(1):126–133. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.1.126. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Bates B., Hardin J., Zhan X., Drickamer K., Goldfarb M. Biosynthesis of human fibroblast growth factor-5. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;11(4):1840–1845. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.4.1840. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Battey J. F., Way J. M., Corjay M. H., Shapira H., Kusano K., Harkins R., Wu J. M., Slattery T., Mann E., Feldman R. I. Molecular cloning of the bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide receptor from Swiss 3T3 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 15;88(2):395–399. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.2.395. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Beals C. R., Wilson C. B., Perlmutter R. M. A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):7886–7890. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Becerra S. P., Rose J. A., Hardy M., Baroudy B. M., Anderson C. W. Direct mapping of adeno-associated virus capsid proteins B and C: a possible ACG initiation codon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(23):7919–7923. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.23.7919. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Bell G. I., Fong N. M., Stempien M. M., Wormsted M. A., Caput D., Ku L. L., Urdea M. S., Rall L. B., Sanchez-Pescador R. Human epidermal growth factor precursor: cDNA sequence, expression in vitro and gene organization. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Nov 11;14(21):8427–8446. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.21.8427. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Bell G. I., Stempien M. M., Fong N. M., Seino S. Sequence of a cDNA encoding guinea pig IGF-I. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jul 25;18(14):4275–4275. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.14.4275. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Beltzer J. P., Morris S. R., Kohlhaw G. B. Yeast LEU4 encodes mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial forms of alpha-isopropylmalate synthase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 5;263(1):368–374. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ben-Neriah Y., Bauskin A. R. Leukocytes express a novel gene encoding a putative transmembrane protein-kinase devoid of an extracellular domain. Nature. 1988 Jun 16;333(6174):672–676. doi: 10.1038/333672a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Bernards A., Rubin C. M., Westbrook C. A., Paskind M., Baltimore D. The first intron in the human c-abl gene is at least 200 kilobases long and is a target for translocations in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Sep;7(9):3231–3236. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.9.3231. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Bernards A., de la Monte S. M. The ltk receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed in pre-B lymphocytes and cerebral neurons and uses a non-AUG translational initiator. EMBO J. 1990 Jul;9(7):2279–2287. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07399.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Birchmeier C., O'Neill K., Riggs M., Wigler M. Characterization of ROS1 cDNA from a human glioblastoma cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4799–4803. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4799. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Birnbaum M. J. Identification of a novel gene encoding an insulin-responsive glucose transporter protein. Cell. 1989 Apr 21;57(2):305–315. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90968-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Blasband A. J., Rogers K. T., Chen X. R., Azizkhan J. C., Lee D. C. Characterization of the rat transforming growth factor alpha gene and identification of promoter sequences. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):2111–2121. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.5.2111. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Boehm T., Greenberg J. M., Buluwela L., Lavenir I., Forster A., Rabbitts T. H. An unusual structure of a putative T cell oncogene which allows production of similar proteins from distinct mRNAs. EMBO J. 1990 Mar;9(3):857–868. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08183.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Bornstein P., McKay J., Morishima J. K., Devarayalu S., Gelinas R. E. Regulatory elements in the first intron contribute to transcriptional control of the human alpha 1(I) collagen gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):8869–8873. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.8869. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Bos J. L., Polder L. J., Bernards R., Schrier P. I., van den Elsen P. J., van der Eb A. J., van Ormondt H. The 2.2 kb E1b mRNA of human Ad12 and Ad5 codes for two tumor antigens starting at different AUG triplets. Cell. 1981 Nov;27(1 Pt 2):121–131. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90366-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Boulter J., O'Shea-Greenfield A., Duvoisin R. M., Connolly J. G., Wada E., Jensen A., Gardner P. D., Ballivet M., Deneris E. S., McKinnon D. Alpha 3, alpha 5, and beta 4: three members of the rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-related gene family form a gene cluster. J Biol Chem. 1990 Mar 15;265(8):4472–4482. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Boulton T. G., Nye S. H., Robbins D. J., Ip N. Y., Radziejewska E., Morgenbesser S. D., DePinho R. A., Panayotatos N., Cobb M. H., Yancopoulos G. D. ERKs: a family of protein-serine/threonine kinases that are activated and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin and NGF. Cell. 1991 May 17;65(4):663–675. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90098-j. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Brand N. J., Petkovich M., Chambon P. Characterization of a functional promoter for the human retinoic acid receptor-alpha (hRAR-alpha). Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 11;18(23):6799–6806. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.23.6799. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Breier G., Dressler G. R., Gruss P. Primary structure and developmental expression pattern of Hox 3.1, a member of the murine Hox 3 homeobox gene cluster. EMBO J. 1988 May;7(5):1329–1336. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02948.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Brenner M., Lampel K., Nakatani Y., Mill J., Banner C., Mearow K., Dohadwala M., Lipsky R., Freese E. Characterization of human cDNA and genomic clones for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1990 May;7(4):277–286. doi: 10.1016/0169-328x(90)90078-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Brinkman A., Groffen C., Kortleve D. J., Geurts van Kessel A., Drop S. L. Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding the low molecular weight insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IBP-1). EMBO J. 1988 Aug;7(8):2417–2423. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03087.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Brookes S., Smith R., Casey G., Dickson C., Peters G. Sequence organization of the human int-2 gene and its expression in teratocarcinoma cells. Oncogene. 1989 Apr;4(4):429–436. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Brown A. L., Rechler M. M. Cloning of the rat insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 gene and identification of a functional promoter lacking a TATA box. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Dec;4(12):2039–2051. doi: 10.1210/mend-4-12-2039. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Brown J. W., Feix G. A functional splice site in the 5' untranslated region of a zein gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jan 11;18(1):111–117. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.1.111. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Buchberg A. M., Bedigian H. G., Jenkins N. A., Copeland N. G. Evi-2, a common integration site involved in murine myeloid leukemogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Sep;10(9):4658–4666. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.9.4658. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Buckler A. J., Pelletier J., Haber D. A., Glaser T., Housman D. E. Isolation, characterization, and expression of the murine Wilms' tumor gene (WT1) during kidney development. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Mar;11(3):1707–1712. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.3.1707. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Bugler B., Amalric F., Prats H. Alternative initiation of translation determines cytoplasmic or nuclear localization of basic fibroblast growth factor. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jan;11(1):573–577. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.1.573. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Burgess W. H., Dionne C. A., Kaplow J., Mudd R., Friesel R., Zilberstein A., Schlessinger J., Jaye M. Characterization and cDNA cloning of phospholipase C-gamma, a major substrate for heparin-binding growth factor 1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor)-activated tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Sep;10(9):4770–4777. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.9.4770. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Callis J., Fromm M., Walbot V. Introns increase gene expression in cultured maize cells. Genes Dev. 1987 Dec;1(10):1183–1200. doi: 10.1101/gad.1.10.1183. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Carlson M., Taussig R., Kustu S., Botstein D. The secreted form of invertase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is synthesized from mRNA encoding a signal sequence. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Mar;3(3):439–447. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.3.439. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Castle E., Nowak T., Leidner U., Wengler G., Wengler G. Sequence analysis of the viral core protein and the membrane-associated proteins V1 and NV2 of the flavivirus West Nile virus and of the genome sequence for these proteins. Virology. 1985 Sep;145(2):227–236. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(85)90156-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Chambard J. C., Van Obberghen-Schilling E., Haslam R. J., Vouret V., Pouysségur J. Chinese hamster serotonin (5-HT) type 2 receptor cDNA sequence. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Sep 11;18(17):5282–5282. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.17.5282. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Chan S. J., San Segundo B., McCormick M. B., Steiner D. F. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of cloned human and mouse preprocathepsin B cDNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(20):7721–7725. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.20.7721. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Chan W. K., Penaranda M. E., Crawford S. E., Estes M. K. Two glycoproteins are produced from the rotavirus neutralization gene. Virology. 1986 Jun;151(2):243–252. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(86)90046-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Chardin P., Courtois G., Mattei M. G., Gisselbrecht S. The KUP gene, located on human chromosome 14, encodes a protein with two distant zinc fingers. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Apr 11;19(7):1431–1436. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.7.1431. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Chatton B., Walter P., Ebel J. P., Lacroute F., Fasiolo F. The yeast VAS1 gene encodes both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetases. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 5;263(1):52–57. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Chen J. H. Cloning, sequencing, and expression of mouse c-ets-1 cDNA in baculovirus expression system. Oncogene Res. 1990;5(4):277–285. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Chen R. P., Ingraham H. A., Treacy M. N., Albert V. R., Wilson L., Rosenfeld M. G. Autoregulation of pit-1 gene expression mediated by two cis-active promoter elements. Nature. 1990 Aug 9;346(6284):583–586. doi: 10.1038/346583a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Chernoff J., Schievella A. R., Jost C. A., Erikson R. L., Neel B. G. Cloning of a cDNA for a major human protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Apr;87(7):2735–2739. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.7.2735. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Chinkers M., Garbers D. L., Chang M. S., Lowe D. G., Chin H. M., Goeddel D. V., Schulz S. A membrane form of guanylate cyclase is an atrial natriuretic peptide receptor. Nature. 1989 Mar 2;338(6210):78–83. doi: 10.1038/338078a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Chiu I. M., Wang W. P., Lehtoma K. Alternative splicing generates two forms of mRNA coding for human heparin-binding growth factor 1. Oncogene. 1990 May;5(5):755–762. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Chretien S., Dubart A., Beaupain D., Raich N., Grandchamp B., Rosa J., Goossens M., Romeo P. H. Alternative transcription and splicing of the human porphobilinogen deaminase gene result either in tissue-specific or in housekeeping expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):6–10. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.1.6. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Christy B. A., Lau L. F., Nathans D. A gene activated in mouse 3T3 cells by serum growth factors encodes a protein with "zinc finger" sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):7857–7861. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.21.7857. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Christy R. J., Kaestner K. H., Geiman D. E., Lane M. D. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gene promoter: binding of nuclear factors during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Mar 15;88(6):2593–2597. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2593. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Chrivia J. C., Uhler M. D., McKnight G. S. Characterization of genomic clones coding for the C alpha and C beta subunits of mouse cAMP-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 25;263(12):5739–5744. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Chua A. O., Gubler U. Sequence of the cDNA for the human fibroblast type interleukin-1 receptor. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Dec 11;17(23):10114–10114. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.23.10114. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Chung S., Perry R. P. Importance of introns for expression of mouse ribosomal protein gene rpL32. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 May;9(5):2075–2082. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.5.2075. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Cianetti L., Di Cristofaro A., Zappavigna V., Bottero L., Boccoli G., Testa U., Russo G., Boncinelli E., Peschle C. Molecular mechanisms underlying the expression of the human HOX-5.1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Aug 11;18(15):4361–4368. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.15.4361. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. Cigan A. M., Feng L., Donahue T. F. tRNAi(met) functions in directing the scanning ribosome to the start site of translation. Science. 1988 Oct 7;242(4875):93–97. doi: 10.1126/science.3051379. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Clark A. J., Lavender P. M., Coates P., Johnson M. R., Rees L. H. In vitro and in vivo analysis of the processing and fate of the peptide products of the short proopiomelanocortin mRNA. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Nov;4(11):1737–1743. doi: 10.1210/mend-4-11-1737. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Clarke B. E., Sangar D. V., Burroughs J. N., Newton S. E., Carroll A. R., Rowlands D. J. Two initiation sites for foot-and-mouth disease virus polyprotein in vivo. J Gen Virol. 1985 Dec;66(Pt 12):2615–2626. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-66-12-2615. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Clemens M. J., Pain V. M., Wong S. T., Henshaw E. C. Phosphorylation inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange on eukaryotic initiation factor 2. Nature. 1982 Mar 4;296(5852):93–95. doi: 10.1038/296093a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Clement A., Campisi J., Farmer S. R., Brody J. S. Constitutive expression of growth-related mRNAs in proliferating and nonproliferating lung epithelial cells in primary culture: evidence for growth-dependent translational control. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):318–322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.1.318. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Cohen R. B., Boal T. R., Safer B. Increased eIF-2 alpha expression in mitogen-activated primary T lymphocytes. EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(12):3831–3837. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07601.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Conboy J. G., Chan J. Y., Chasis J. A., Kan Y. W., Mohandas N. Tissue- and development-specific alternative RNA splicing regulates expression of multiple isoforms of erythroid membrane protein 4.1. J Biol Chem. 1991 May 5;266(13):8273–8280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Conboy J., Kan Y. W., Shohet S. B., Mohandas N. Molecular cloning of protein 4.1, a major structural element of the human erythrocyte membrane skeleton. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9512–9516. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.24.9512. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Condie B. G., Brivanlou A. H., Harland R. M. Most of the homeobox-containing Xhox 36 transcripts in early Xenopus embryos cannot encode a homeodomain protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3376–3385. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3376. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Conneely O. M., Kettelberger D. M., Tsai M. J., Schrader W. T., O'Malley B. W. The chicken progesterone receptor A and B isoforms are products of an alternate translation initiation event. J Biol Chem. 1989 Aug 25;264(24):14062–14064. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Cortner J., Farnham P. J. Identification of the serum-responsive transcription initiation site of the zinc finger gene Krox-20. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3788–3791. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3788. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Coulombe B., Ponton A., Daigneault L., Williams B. R., Skup D. Presence of transcription regulatory elements within an intron of the virus-inducible murine TIMP gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Aug;8(8):3227–3234. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.8.3227. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Coulter-Karis D. E., Hershfield M. S. Sequence of full length cDNA for human S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. Ann Hum Genet. 1989 May;53(Pt 2):169–175. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1989.tb01781.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Crawford D., Hagerty K., Beutler B. Multiple splice forms of ribonuclease-inhibitor mRNA differ in the 5'-untranslated region. Gene. 1989 Dec 28;85(2):525–531. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90447-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Crepin K. M., Darville M. I., Hue L., Rousseau G. G. Characterization of distinct mRNAs coding for putative isozymes of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Aug 1;183(2):433–440. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14946.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Crumley G., Dionne C. A., Jaye M. The gene for human acidic fibroblast growth factor encodes two upstream exons alternatively spliced to the first coding exon. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Aug 31;171(1):7–13. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(90)91348-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Curran J., Kolakofsky D. Ribosomal initiation from an ACG codon in the Sendai virus P/C mRNA. EMBO J. 1988 Jan;7(1):245–251. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02806.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. D'Onofrio M., Lee M. D., Starr C. M., Miller M., Hanover J. A. The gene encoding rat nuclear pore glycoprotein p62 is intronless. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jun 25;266(18):11980–11985. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. DePinho R. A., Hatton K. S., Tesfaye A., Yancopoulos G. D., Alt F. W. The human myc gene family: structure and activity of L-myc and an L-myc pseudogene. Genes Dev. 1987 Dec;1(10):1311–1326. doi: 10.1101/gad.1.10.1311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Delli Bovi P., Curatola A. M., Kern F. G., Greco A., Ittmann M., Basilico C. An oncogene isolated by transfection of Kaposi's sarcoma DNA encodes a growth factor that is a member of the FGF family. Cell. 1987 Aug 28;50(5):729–737. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90331-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Descombes P., Chojkier M., Lichtsteiner S., Falvey E., Schibler U. LAP, a novel member of the C/EBP gene family, encodes a liver-enriched transcriptional activator protein. Genes Dev. 1990 Sep;4(9):1541–1551. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.9.1541. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Dixon M., Deed R., Acland P., Moore R., Whyte A., Peters G., Dickson C. Detection and characterization of the fibroblast growth factor-related oncoprotein INT-2. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Nov;9(11):4896–4902. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.11.4896. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Dollé P., Castrillo J. L., Theill L. E., Deerinck T., Ellisman M., Karin M. Expression of GHF-1 protein in mouse pituitaries correlates both temporally and spatially with the onset of growth hormone gene activity. Cell. 1990 Mar 9;60(5):809–820. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90095-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Dolph P. J., Huang J. T., Schneider R. J. Translation by the adenovirus tripartite leader: elements which determine independence from cap-binding protein complex. J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):2669–2677. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.6.2669-2677.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Dorai T., Levy J. B., Kang L., Brugge J. S., Wang L. H. Analysis of cDNAs of the proto-oncogene c-src: heterogeneity in 5' exons and possible mechanism for the genesis of the 3' end of v-src. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Aug;11(8):4165–4176. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.8.4165. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Dosaka-Akita H., Rosenberg R. K., Minna J. D., Birrer M. J. A complex pattern of translational initiation and phosphorylation in L-myc proteins. Oncogene. 1991 Mar;6(3):371–378. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Dougherty G. J., Kay R. J., Humphries R. K. Molecular cloning of 114/A10, a cell surface antigen containing highly conserved repeated elements, which is expressed by murine hemopoietic progenitor cells and interleukin-3-dependent cell lines. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 15;264(11):6509–6514. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Duprey P., Chowdhury K., Dressler G. R., Balling R., Simon D., Guenet J. L., Gruss P. A mouse gene homologous to the Drosophila gene caudal is expressed in epithelial cells from the embryonic intestine. Genes Dev. 1988 Dec;2(12A):1647–1654. doi: 10.1101/gad.2.12a.1647. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  90. Edery M., Jolicoeur C., Levi-Meyrueis C., Dusanter-Fourt I., Pétridou B., Boutin J. M., Lesueur L., Kelly P. A., Djiane J. Identification and sequence analysis of a second form of prolactin receptor by molecular cloning of complementary DNA from rabbit mammary gland. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):2112–2116. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.6.2112. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Ellis S. R., Hopper A. K., Martin N. C. Amino-terminal extension generated from an upstream AUG codon increases the efficiency of mitochondrial import of yeast N2,N2-dimethylguanosine-specific tRNA methyltransferases. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Apr;9(4):1611–1620. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.4.1611. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. Emorine L. J., Marullo S., Delavier-Klutchko C., Kaveri S. V., Durieu-Trautmann O., Strosberg A. D. Structure of the gene for human beta 2-adrenergic receptor: expression and promoter characterization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):6995–6999. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.20.6995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Ernst H., Shatkin A. J. Reovirus hemagglutinin mRNA codes for two polypeptides in overlapping reading frames. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(1):48–52. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.1.48. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. Erselius J. R., Goulding M. D., Gruss P. Structure and expression pattern of the murine Hox-3.2 gene. Development. 1990 Oct;110(2):629–642. doi: 10.1242/dev.110.2.629. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  95. Eva A., Vecchio G., Rao C. D., Tronick S. R., Aaronson S. A. The predicted DBL oncogene product defines a distinct class of transforming proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(7):2061–2065. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.7.2061. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  96. Fajardo J. E., Shatkin A. J. Translation of bicistronic viral mRNA in transfected cells: regulation at the level of elongation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):328–332. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.1.328. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. Fan C. M., Maniatis T. A DNA-binding protein containing two widely separated zinc finger motifs that recognize the same DNA sequence. Genes Dev. 1990 Jan;4(1):29–42. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.1.29. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Farnham P. J., Means A. L. Sequences downstream of the transcription initiation site modulate the activity of the murine dihydrofolate reductase promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Apr;10(4):1390–1398. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.4.1390. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  99. Fen Z., Daniel T. O. 5' untranslated sequences determine degradative pathway for alternate PDGF B/c-sis mRNA's. Oncogene. 1991 Jun;6(6):953–959. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Finch P. W., Rubin J. S., Miki T., Ron D., Aaronson S. A. Human KGF is FGF-related with properties of a paracrine effector of epithelial cell growth. Science. 1989 Aug 18;245(4919):752–755. doi: 10.1126/science.2475908. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  101. Firmbach-Kraft I., Byers M., Shows T., Dalla-Favera R., Krolewski J. J. tyk2, prototype of a novel class of non-receptor tyrosine kinase genes. Oncogene. 1990 Sep;5(9):1329–1336. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  102. Fischman K., Edman J. C., Shackleford G. M., Turner J. A., Rutter W. J., Nir U. A murine fer testis-specific transcript (ferT) encodes a truncated Fer protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jan;10(1):146–153. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.1.146. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  103. Flordellis C. S., Handy D. E., Bresnahan M. R., Zannis V. I., Gavras H. Cloning and expression of a rat brain alpha 2B-adrenergic receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 1;88(3):1019–1023. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.3.1019. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  104. Florkiewicz R. Z., Sommer A. Human basic fibroblast growth factor gene encodes four polypeptides: three initiate translation from non-AUG codons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(11):3978–3981. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.11.3978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  105. Fong H. K., Amatruda T. T., 3rd, Birren B. W., Simon M. I. Distinct forms of the beta subunit of GTP-binding regulatory proteins identified by molecular cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(11):3792–3796. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.11.3792. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  106. Foyt H. L., LeRoith D., Roberts C. T., Jr Differential association of insulin-like growth factor I mRNA variants with polysomes in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1991 Apr 15;266(11):7300–7305. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  107. Fraser P., Cummings P., Curtis P. The mouse carbonic anhydrase I gene contains two tissue-specific promoters. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Aug;9(8):3308–3313. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.8.3308. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  108. Froussard P., Chastagner P., Sommé G., Abadie A., Greene W., Thèze J., Longacre S. p55 IL-2 receptor mRNA precursors in murine T lymphocyte nuclei. J Immunol. 1988 Aug 15;141(4):1358–1364. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  109. Fukunaga R., Ishizaka-Ikeda E., Seto Y., Nagata S. Expression cloning of a receptor for murine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Cell. 1990 Apr 20;61(2):341–350. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90814-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  110. Fuller F., Bhown A. S., Bishop D. H. Bunyavirus nucleoprotein, N, and a non-structural protein, NSS, are coded by overlapping reading frames in the S RNA. J Gen Virol. 1983 Aug;64(Pt 8):1705–1714. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-64-8-1705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  111. Fuller F., Porter J. G., Arfsten A. E., Miller J., Schilling J. W., Scarborough R. M., Lewicki J. A., Schenk D. B. Atrial natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. Complete sequence and functional expression of cDNA clones. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jul 5;263(19):9395–9401. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  112. Gerard N. P., Eddy R. L., Jr, Shows T. B., Gerard C. The human neurokinin A (substance K) receptor. Molecular cloning of the gene, chromosome localization, and isolation of cDNA from tracheal and gastric tissues. J Biol Chem. 1990 Nov 25;265(33):20455–20462. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  113. Gil G., Smith J. R., Goldstein J. L., Slaughter C. A., Orth K., Brown M. S., Osborne T. F. Multiple genes encode nuclear factor 1-like proteins that bind to the promoter for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8963–8967. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.8963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  114. Gillman E. C., Slusher L. B., Martin N. C., Hopper A. K. MOD5 translation initiation sites determine N6-isopentenyladenosine modification of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tRNA. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 May;11(5):2382–2390. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.5.2382. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  115. Giorgi D., Bernard J. P., Rouquier S., Iovanna J., Sarles H., Dagorn J. C. Secretory pancreatic stone protein messenger RNA. Nucleotide sequence and expression in chronic calcifying pancreatitis. J Clin Invest. 1989 Jul;84(1):100–106. doi: 10.1172/JCI114128. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  116. Glencorse T. A., Bateson A. N., Darlison M. G. Sequence of the chicken GABAA receptor gamma 2-subunit cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 11;18(23):7157–7157. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.23.7157. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  117. Gorman D. M., Itoh N., Kitamura T., Schreurs J., Yonehara S., Yahara I., Arai K., Miyajima A. Cloning and expression of a gene encoding an interleukin 3 receptor-like protein: identification of another member of the cytokine receptor gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(14):5459–5463. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.14.5459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  118. Gray P. W., Leong S., Fennie E. H., Farrar M. A., Pingel J. T., Fernandez-Luna J., Schreiber R. D. Cloning and expression of the cDNA for the murine interferon gamma receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(21):8497–8501. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.21.8497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  119. Green S., Walter P., Kumar V., Krust A., Bornert J. M., Argos P., Chambon P. Human oestrogen receptor cDNA: sequence, expression and homology to v-erb-A. Nature. 1986 Mar 13;320(6058):134–139. doi: 10.1038/320134a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  120. Grenningloh G., Schmieden V., Schofield P. R., Seeburg P. H., Siddique T., Mohandas T. K., Becker C. M., Betz H. Alpha subunit variants of the human glycine receptor: primary structures, functional expression and chromosomal localization of the corresponding genes. EMBO J. 1990 Mar;9(3):771–776. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08172.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  121. Grinberg D., Thurlow J., Watson R., Smith R., Peters G., Dickson C. Transcriptional regulation of the int-2 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells. Cell Growth Differ. 1991 Mar;2(3):137–143. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  122. Gros P., Raymond M., Bell J., Housman D. Cloning and characterization of a second member of the mouse mdr gene family. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jul;8(7):2770–2778. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.7.2770. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  123. Gu M. X., York J. D., Warshawsky I., Majerus P. W. Identification, cloning, and expression of a cytosolic megakaryocyte protein-tyrosine-phosphatase with sequence homology to cytoskeletal protein 4.1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jul 1;88(13):5867–5871. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.13.5867. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  124. Gutkind J. S., Link D. C., Katamine S., Lacal P., Miki T., Ley T. J., Robbins K. C. A novel c-fgr exon utilized in Epstein-Barr virus-infected B lymphocytes but not in normal monocytes. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Mar;11(3):1500–1507. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.3.1500. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  125. Hagiwara K., Stenman G., Honda H., Sahlin P., Andersson A., Miyazono K., Heldin C. H., Ishikawa F., Takaku F. Organization and chromosomal localization of the human platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;11(4):2125–2132. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.4.2125. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  126. Haley J., Whittle N., Bennet P., Kinchington D., Ullrich A., Waterfield M. The human EGF receptor gene: structure of the 110 kb locus and identification of sequences regulating its transcription. Oncogene Res. 1987 Sep-Oct;1(4):375–396. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  127. Halley C., Courtois Y., Laurent M. Nucleotide sequence of bovine acidic fibroblast growth factor cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Nov 25;16(22):10913–10913. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.22.10913. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  128. Hamm J., Mattaj I. W. Monomethylated cap structures facilitate RNA export from the nucleus. Cell. 1990 Oct 5;63(1):109–118. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90292-m. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  129. Hann S. R., King M. W., Bentley D. L., Anderson C. W., Eisenman R. N. A non-AUG translational initiation in c-myc exon 1 generates an N-terminally distinct protein whose synthesis is disrupted in Burkitt's lymphomas. Cell. 1988 Jan 29;52(2):185–195. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90507-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  130. Hannink M., Temin H. M. Structure and autoregulation of the c-rel promoter. Oncogene. 1990 Dec;5(12):1843–1850. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  131. Hannon R., Evans T., Felsenfeld G., Gould H. Structure and promoter activity of the gene for the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 15;88(8):3004–3008. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.8.3004. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  132. Hao Q. L., Heisterkamp N., Groffen J. Isolation and sequence analysis of a novel human tyrosine kinase gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Apr;9(4):1587–1593. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.4.1587. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  133. Hariharan N., Kelley D. E., Perry R. P. Equipotent mouse ribosomal protein promoters have a similar architecture that includes internal sequence elements. Genes Dev. 1989 Nov;3(11):1789–1800. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.11.1789. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  134. Harvey J. A., Land T., McMaster S. E. Anatomical study of the rabbit's corneal-VIth nerve reflex: connections between cornea, trigeminal sensory complex, and the abducens and accessory abducens nuclei. Brain Res. 1984 Jun 3;301(2):307–321. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(84)91100-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  135. Hatakeyama M., Tsudo M., Minamoto S., Kono T., Doi T., Miyata T., Miyasaka M., Taniguchi T. Interleukin-2 receptor beta chain gene: generation of three receptor forms by cloned human alpha and beta chain cDNA's. Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):551–556. doi: 10.1126/science.2785715. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  136. Hattori Y., Odagiri H., Nakatani H., Miyagawa K., Naito K., Sakamoto H., Katoh O., Yoshida T., Sugimura T., Terada M. K-sam, an amplified gene in stomach cancer, is a member of the heparin-binding growth factor receptor genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(15):5983–5987. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.15.5983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  137. Haub O., Drucker B., Goldfarb M. Expression of the murine fibroblast growth factor 5 gene in the adult central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):8022–8026. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.20.8022. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  138. Hayflick J. S., Adelman J. P., Seeburg P. H. The complete nucleotide sequence of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Aug 11;17(15):6403–6404. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.15.6403. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  139. Hershey A. D., Dykema P. E., Krause J. E. Organization, structure, and expression of the gene encoding the rat substance P receptor. J Biol Chem. 1991 Mar 5;266(7):4366–4374. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  140. Hershey J. W. Protein phosphorylation controls translation rates. J Biol Chem. 1989 Dec 15;264(35):20823–20826. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  141. Hillarp A., Dahlbäck B. Cloning of cDNA coding for the beta chain of human complement component C4b-binding protein: sequence homology with the alpha chain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):1183–1187. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.3.1183. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  142. Hirai H., Maru Y., Hagiwara K., Nishida J., Takaku F. A novel putative tyrosine kinase receptor encoded by the eph gene. Science. 1987 Dec 18;238(4834):1717–1720. doi: 10.1126/science.2825356. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  143. Hirata M., Hayashi Y., Ushikubi F., Yokota Y., Kageyama R., Nakanishi S., Narumiya S. Cloning and expression of cDNA for a human thromboxane A2 receptor. Nature. 1991 Feb 14;349(6310):617–620. doi: 10.1038/349617a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  144. Ho I. C., Vorhees P., Marin N., Oakley B. K., Tsai S. F., Orkin S. H., Leiden J. M. Human GATA-3: a lineage-restricted transcription factor that regulates the expression of the T cell receptor alpha gene. EMBO J. 1991 May;10(5):1187–1192. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb08059.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  145. Hoffman E. K., Trusko S. P., Freeman N., George D. L. Structural and functional characterization of the promoter region of the mouse c-Ki-ras gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;7(7):2592–2596. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.7.2592. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  146. Hogarth P. M., Witort E., Hulett M. D., Bonnerot C., Even J., Fridman W. H., McKenzie I. F. Structure of the mouse beta Fc gamma receptor II gene. J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):369–376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  147. Holness C. L., Lomonossoff G. P., Evans D., Maule A. J. Identification of the initiation codons for translation of cowpea mosaic virus middle component RNA using site-directed mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone. Virology. 1989 Sep;172(1):311–320. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90133-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  148. Holtzman D. A., Cook W. D., Dunn A. R. Isolation and sequence of a cDNA corresponding to a src-related gene expressed in murine hemopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8325–8329. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.23.8325. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  149. Holzer K. P., Liu W., Hammes G. G. Molecular cloning and sequencing of chicken liver fatty acid synthase cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(12):4387–4391. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.12.4387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  150. Hong F. D., Huang H. J., To H., Young L. J., Oro A., Bookstein R., Lee E. Y., Lee W. H. Structure of the human retinoblastoma gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(14):5502–5506. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.14.5502. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  151. Honkawa H., Masahashi W., Hashimoto S., Hashimoto-Gotoh T. Identification of the principal promoter sequence of the c-H-ras transforming oncogene: deletion analysis of the 5'-flanking region by focus formation assay. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Aug;7(8):2933–2940. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.8.2933. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  152. Horiuchi T., Macon K. J., Kidd V. J., Volanakis J. E. Translational regulation of complement protein C2 expression by differential utilization of the 5'-untranslated region of mRNA. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 25;265(12):6521–6524. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  153. Horton W., Miyashita T., Kohno K., Hassell J. R., Yamada Y. Identification of a phenotype-specific enhancer in the first intron of the rat collagen II gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):8864–8868. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.8864. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  154. Howard T. E., Shai S. Y., Langford K. G., Martin B. M., Bernstein K. E. Transcription of testicular angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is initiated within the 12th intron of the somatic ACE gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;10(8):4294–4302. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.8.4294. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  155. Hromas R., Collins S. J., Hickstein D., Raskind W., Deaven L. L., O'Hara P., Hagen F. S., Kaushansky K. A retinoic acid-responsive human zinc finger gene, MZF-1, preferentially expressed in myeloid cells. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 5;266(22):14183–14187. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  156. Hsu J. C., Laz T., Mohn K. L., Taub R. Identification of LRF-1, a leucine-zipper protein that is rapidly and highly induced in regenerating liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 1;88(9):3511–3515. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.9.3511. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  157. Hsu S. I., Cohen D., Kirschner L. S., Lothstein L., Hartstein M., Horwitz S. B. Structural analysis of the mouse mdr1a (P-glycoprotein) promoter reveals the basis for differential transcript heterogeneity in multidrug-resistant J774.2 cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3596–3606. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3596. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  158. Huang E., Nocka K., Beier D. R., Chu T. Y., Buck J., Lahm H. W., Wellner D., Leder P., Besmer P. The hematopoietic growth factor KL is encoded by the Sl locus and is the ligand of the c-kit receptor, the gene product of the W locus. Cell. 1990 Oct 5;63(1):225–233. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90303-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  159. Härtig E., Loncarević I. F., Büscher M., Herrlich P., Rahmsdorf H. J. A new cAMP response element in the transcribed region of the human c-fos gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Aug 11;19(15):4153–4159. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.15.4153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  160. Irminger J. C., Rosen K. M., Humbel R. E., Villa-Komaroff L. Tissue-specific expression of insulin-like growth factor II mRNAs with distinct 5' untranslated regions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(18):6330–6334. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.18.6330. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  161. Ishikawa Y., Bianchi C., Nadal-Ginard B., Homcy C. J. Alternative promoter and 5' exon generate a novel Gs alpha mRNA. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 25;265(15):8458–8462. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  162. Iwaki A., Iwaki T., Goldman J. E., Liem R. K. Multiple mRNAs of rat brain alpha-crystallin B chain result from alternative transcriptional initiation. J Biol Chem. 1990 Dec 25;265(36):22197–22203. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  163. Jackson R. J. RNA translation. Picornaviruses break the rules. Nature. 1988 Jul 28;334(6180):292–293. doi: 10.1038/334292a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  164. Jacobs K., Shoemaker C., Rudersdorf R., Neill S. D., Kaufman R. J., Mufson A., Seehra J., Jones S. S., Hewick R., Fritsch E. F. Isolation and characterization of genomic and cDNA clones of human erythropoietin. 1985 Feb 28-Mar 6Nature. 313(6005):806–810. doi: 10.1038/313806a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  165. Javaux F., Donda A., Vassart G., Christophe D. Cloning and sequence analysis of TFE, a helix-loop-helix transcription factor able to recognize the thyroglobulin gene promoter in vitro. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Mar 11;19(5):1121–1127. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.5.1121. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  166. Jeltsch J. M., Turcotte B., Garnier J. M., Lerouge T., Krozowski Z., Gronemeyer H., Chambon P. Characterization of multiple mRNAs originating from the chicken progesterone receptor gene. Evidence for a specific transcript encoding form A. J Biol Chem. 1990 Mar 5;265(7):3967–3974. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  167. Johnson A. C., Ishii S., Jinno Y., Pastan I., Merlino G. T. Epidermal growth factor receptor gene promoter. Deletion analysis and identification of nuclear protein binding sites. J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 25;263(12):5693–5699. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  168. Julius D., MacDermott A. B., Axel R., Jessell T. M. Molecular characterization of a functional cDNA encoding the serotonin 1c receptor. Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):558–564. doi: 10.1126/science.3399891. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  169. Kastner P., Bocquel M. T., Turcotte B., Garnier J. M., Horwitz K. B., Chambon P., Gronemeyer H. Transient expression of human and chicken progesterone receptors does not support alternative translational initiation from a single mRNA as the mechanism generating two receptor isoforms. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 25;265(21):12163–12167. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  170. Kastner P., Krust A., Mendelsohn C., Garnier J. M., Zelent A., Leroy P., Staub A., Chambon P. Murine isoforms of retinoic acid receptor gamma with specific patterns of expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Apr;87(7):2700–2704. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.7.2700. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  171. Kastner P., Krust A., Turcotte B., Stropp U., Tora L., Gronemeyer H., Chambon P. Two distinct estrogen-regulated promoters generate transcripts encoding the two functionally different human progesterone receptor forms A and B. EMBO J. 1990 May;9(5):1603–1614. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08280.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  172. Katamine S., Notario V., Rao C. D., Miki T., Cheah M. S., Tronick S. R., Robbins K. C. Primary structure of the human fgr proto-oncogene product p55c-fgr. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jan;8(1):259–266. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.1.259. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  173. Kaye F., Battey J., Nau M., Brooks B., Seifter E., De Greve J., Birrer M., Sausville E., Minna J. Structure and expression of the human L-myc gene reveal a complex pattern of alternative mRNA processing. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jan;8(1):186–195. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.1.186. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  174. Keese P., Mackenzie A., Gibbs A. Nucleotide sequence of the genome of an Australian isolate of turnip yellow mosaic tymovirus. Virology. 1989 Oct;172(2):536–546. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90196-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  175. Keir W. J., Kozak C. A., Chakraborti A., Deitrich R. A., Sikela J. M. The cDNA sequence and chromosomal location of the murine GABAA alpha 1 receptor gene. Genomics. 1991 Feb;9(2):390–395. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90272-g. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  176. Kew D., Jin D. F., Kim F., Laddis T., Kilpatrick D. L. Translational status of proenkephalin mRNA in the rat reproductive system. Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Aug;3(8):1191–1196. doi: 10.1210/mend-3-8-1191. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  177. Kidd V. J., Luo W., Xiang J. L., Tu F., Easton J., McCune S., Snead M. L. Regulated expression of a cell division control-related protein kinase during development. Cell Growth Differ. 1991 Feb;2(2):85–93. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  178. Killen P. D., Burbelo P. D., Martin G. R., Yamada Y. Characterization of the promoter for the alpha 1 (IV) collagen gene. DNA sequences within the first intron enhance transcription. J Biol Chem. 1988 Sep 5;263(25):12310–12314. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  179. Kilpatrick D. L., Zinn S. A., Fitzgerald M., Higuchi H., Sabol S. L., Meyerhardt J. Transcription of the rat and mouse proenkephalin genes is initiated at distinct sites in spermatogenic and somatic cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3717–3726. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3717. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  180. Kim D. W., Uetsuki T., Kaziro Y., Yamaguchi N., Sugano S. Use of the human elongation factor 1 alpha promoter as a versatile and efficient expression system. Gene. 1990 Jul 16;91(2):217–223. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90091-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  181. Kim H. R., Yew N. S., Ansorge W., Voss H., Schwager C., Vennström B., Zenke M., Engel J. D. Two different mRNAs are transcribed from a single genomic locus encoding the chicken erythrocyte anion transport proteins (band 3). Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;8(10):4416–4424. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.10.4416. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  182. Kim S. J., Glick A., Sporn M. B., Roberts A. B. Characterization of the promoter region of the human transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 5;264(1):402–408. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  183. Kimelman D., Kirschner M. W. An antisense mRNA directs the covalent modification of the transcript encoding fibroblast growth factor in Xenopus oocytes. Cell. 1989 Nov 17;59(4):687–696. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90015-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  184. Kimura H., Fischer W. H., Schubert D. Structure, expression and function of a schwannoma-derived growth factor. Nature. 1990 Nov 15;348(6298):257–260. doi: 10.1038/348257a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  185. Klemsz M. J., McKercher S. R., Celada A., Van Beveren C., Maki R. A. The macrophage and B cell-specific transcription factor PU.1 is related to the ets oncogene. Cell. 1990 Apr 6;61(1):113–124. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90219-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  186. Kobilka B. K., MacGregor C., Daniel K., Kobilka T. S., Caron M. G., Lefkowitz R. J. Functional activity and regulation of human beta 2-adrenergic receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 15;262(32):15796–15802. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  187. Kohno T., Brewer M. T., Baker S. L., Schwartz P. E., King M. W., Hale K. K., Squires C. H., Thompson R. C., Vannice J. L. A second tumor necrosis factor receptor gene product can shed a naturally occurring tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8331–8335. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.21.8331. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  188. Koike S., Horie H., Ise I., Okitsu A., Yoshida M., Iizuka N., Takeuchi K., Takegami T., Nomoto A. The poliovirus receptor protein is produced both as membrane-bound and secreted forms. EMBO J. 1990 Oct;9(10):3217–3224. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07520.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  189. Konieczny S. F., Emerson C. P., Jr Complex regulation of the muscle-specific contractile protein (troponin I) gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Sep;7(9):3065–3075. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.9.3065. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  190. Kozak M. A short leader sequence impairs the fidelity of initiation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Gene Expr. 1991 May;1(2):111–115. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  191. Kozak M. An analysis of 5'-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Oct 26;15(20):8125–8148. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.20.8125. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  192. Kozak M. At least six nucleotides preceding the AUG initiator codon enhance translation in mammalian cells. J Mol Biol. 1987 Aug 20;196(4):947–950. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(87)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  193. Kozak M. Circumstances and mechanisms of inhibition of translation by secondary structure in eucaryotic mRNAs. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Nov;9(11):5134–5142. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.11.5134. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  194. Kozak M. Context effects and inefficient initiation at non-AUG codons in eucaryotic cell-free translation systems. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Nov;9(11):5073–5080. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.11.5073. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  195. Kozak M. Downstream secondary structure facilitates recognition of initiator codons by eukaryotic ribosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8301–8305. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.21.8301. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  196. Kozak M. Effects of intercistronic length on the efficiency of reinitiation by eucaryotic ribosomes. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Oct;7(10):3438–3445. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.10.3438. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  197. Kozak M. Effects of long 5' leader sequences on initiation by eukaryotic ribosomes in vitro. Gene Expr. 1991 May;1(2):117–125. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  198. Kozak M. Influences of mRNA secondary structure on initiation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 May;83(9):2850–2854. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.9.2850. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  199. Kozak M. Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Cell. 1986 Jan 31;44(2):283–292. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90762-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  200. Kozak M. Regulation of protein synthesis in virus-infected animal cells. Adv Virus Res. 1986;31:229–292. doi: 10.1016/S0065-3527(08)60265-1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  201. Kozak M. The scanning model for translation: an update. J Cell Biol. 1989 Feb;108(2):229–241. doi: 10.1083/jcb.108.2.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  202. Kozak M. Translation of insulin-related polypeptides from messenger RNAs with tandemly reiterated copies of the ribosome binding site. Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):971–978. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90554-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  203. Kozasa T., Itoh H., Tsukamoto T., Kaziro Y. Isolation and characterization of the human Gs alpha gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(7):2081–2085. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.7.2081. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  204. Krupinski J., Coussen F., Bakalyar H. A., Tang W. J., Feinstein P. G., Orth K., Slaughter C., Reed R. R., Gilman A. G. Adenylyl cyclase amino acid sequence: possible channel- or transporter-like structure. Science. 1989 Jun 30;244(4912):1558–1564. doi: 10.1126/science.2472670. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  205. Krust A., Green S., Argos P., Kumar V., Walter P., Bornert J. M., Chambon P. The chicken oestrogen receptor sequence: homology with v-erbA and the human oestrogen and glucocorticoid receptors. EMBO J. 1986 May;5(5):891–897. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04300.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  206. Krust A., Kastner P., Petkovich M., Zelent A., Chambon P. A third human retinoic acid receptor, hRAR-gamma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(14):5310–5314. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.14.5310. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  207. Kuhn R., Monuki E. S., Lemke G. The gene encoding the transcription factor SCIP has features of an expressed retroposon. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Sep;11(9):4642–4650. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.9.4642. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  208. Kuo C. J., Conley P. B., Hsieh C. L., Francke U., Crabtree G. R. Molecular cloning, functional expression, and chromosomal localization of mouse hepatocyte nuclear factor 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9838–9842. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.24.9838. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  209. Kwiatkowski D. J., Mehl R., Yin H. L. Genomic organization and biosynthesis of secreted and cytoplasmic forms of gelsolin. J Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;106(2):375–384. doi: 10.1083/jcb.106.2.375. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  210. Ladner M. B., Martin G. A., Noble J. A., Nikoloff D. M., Tal R., Kawasaki E. S., White T. J. Human CSF-1: gene structure and alternative splicing of mRNA precursors. EMBO J. 1987 Sep;6(9):2693–2698. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02561.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  211. Lafyatis R., Lechleider R., Kim S. J., Jakowlew S., Roberts A. B., Sporn M. B. Structural and functional characterization of the transforming growth factor beta 3 promoter. A cAMP-responsive element regulates basal and induced transcription. J Biol Chem. 1990 Nov 5;265(31):19128–19136. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  212. Lafyatis R., Lechleider R., Roberts A. B., Sporn M. B. Secretion and transcriptional regulation of transforming growth factor-beta 3 during myogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jul;11(7):3795–3803. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.7.3795. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  213. Lambert P. F., Spalholz B. A., Howley P. M. A transcriptional repressor encoded by BPV-1 shares a common carboxy-terminal domain with the E2 transactivator. Cell. 1987 Jul 3;50(1):69–78. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90663-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  214. Landsman D., McBride O. W., Soares N., Crippa M. P., Srikantha T., Bustin M. Chromosomal protein HMG-14. Identification, characterization, and chromosome localization of a functional gene from the large human multigene family. J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 25;264(6):3421–3427. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  215. Langridge P., Feix G. A zein gene of maize is transcribed from two widely separated promoter regions. Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):1015–1022. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90559-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  216. Laprevotte I., Hampe A., Sherr C. J., Galibert F. Nucleotide sequence of the gag gene and gag-pol junction of feline leukemia virus. J Virol. 1984 Jun;50(3):884–894. doi: 10.1128/jvi.50.3.884-894.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  217. Laudet V., Begue A., Henry-Duthoit C., Joubel A., Martin P., Stehelin D., Saule S. Genomic organization of the human thyroid hormone receptor alpha (c-erbA-1) gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Mar 11;19(5):1105–1112. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.5.1105. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  218. Lazar M. A., Hodin R. A., Darling D. S., Chin W. W. A novel member of the thyroid/steroid hormone receptor family is encoded by the opposite strand of the rat c-erbA alpha transcriptional unit. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Mar;9(3):1128–1136. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.3.1128. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  219. Lee K. P., Taylor C., Petryniak B., Turka L. A., June C. H., Thompson C. B. The genomic organization of the CD28 gene. Implications for the regulation of CD28 mRNA expression and heterogeneity. J Immunol. 1990 Jul 1;145(1):344–352. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  220. Lee S. J. Expression of growth/differentiation factor 1 in the nervous system: conservation of a bicistronic structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 15;88(10):4250–4254. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.10.4250. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  221. Lemaire P., Vesque C., Schmitt J., Stunnenberg H., Frank R., Charnay P. The serum-inducible mouse gene Krox-24 encodes a sequence-specific transcriptional activator. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3456–3467. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3456. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  222. Leung D. W., Spencer S. A., Cachianes G., Hammonds R. G., Collins C., Henzel W. J., Barnard R., Waters M. J., Wood W. I. Growth hormone receptor and serum binding protein: purification, cloning and expression. Nature. 1987 Dec 10;330(6148):537–543. doi: 10.1038/330537a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  223. Leung S. O., Whitelaw E., Proudfoot N. J. Transcriptional and translational analysis of the human theta globin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Oct 25;17(20):8283–8300. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.20.8283. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  224. Levitan E. S., Schofield P. R., Burt D. R., Rhee L. M., Wisden W., Köhler M., Fujita N., Rodriguez H. F., Stephenson A., Darlison M. G. Structural and functional basis for GABAA receptor heterogeneity. Nature. 1988 Sep 1;335(6185):76–79. doi: 10.1038/335076a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  225. Lhoták V., Greer P., Letwin K., Pawson T. Characterization of elk, a brain-specific receptor tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 May;11(5):2496–2502. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.5.2496. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  226. Liao C. F., Themmen A. P., Joho R., Barberis C., Birnbaumer M., Birnbaumer L. Molecular cloning and expression of a fifth muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. J Biol Chem. 1989 May 5;264(13):7328–7337. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  227. Lichtenheld M. G., Podack E. R. Structure of the human perforin gene. A simple gene organization with interesting potential regulatory sequences. J Immunol. 1989 Dec 15;143(12):4267–4274. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  228. Lightowlers R., Takamiya S., Wessling R., Lindorfer M., Capaldi R. A. Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for a 13th different subunit (IHQ) of beef heart cytochrome c oxidase. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 5;264(28):16858–16861. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  229. Linnenbach A. J., Wojcierowski J., Wu S. A., Pyrc J. J., Ross A. H., Dietzschold B., Speicher D., Koprowski H. Sequence investigation of the major gastrointestinal tumor-associated antigen gene family, GA733. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):27–31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.1.27. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  230. Liu F. T., Albrandt K., Robertson M. W. cDNA heterogeneity suggests structural variants related to the high-affinity IgE receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(15):5639–5643. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.15.5639. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  231. Liu F. Y., Roizman B. The promoter, transcriptional unit, and coding sequence of herpes simplex virus 1 family 35 proteins are contained within and in frame with the UL26 open reading frame. J Virol. 1991 Jan;65(1):206–212. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.1.206-212.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  232. Livi G. P., Kmetz P., McHale M. M., Cieslinski L. B., Sathe G. M., Taylor D. P., Davis R. L., Torphy T. J., Balcarek J. M. Cloning and expression of cDNA for a human low-Km, rolipram-sensitive cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;10(6):2678–2686. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.6.2678. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  233. Lobel P., Dahms N. M., Kornfeld S. Cloning and sequence analysis of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. J Biol Chem. 1988 Feb 15;263(5):2563–2570. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  234. Lock P., Ralph S., Stanley E., Boulet I., Ramsay R., Dunn A. R. Two isoforms of murine hck, generated by utilization of alternative translational initiation codons, exhibit different patterns of subcellular localization. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Sep;11(9):4363–4370. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.9.4363. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  235. Lock P., Stanley E., Holtzman D. A., Dunn A. R. Functional analysis and nucleotide sequence of the promoter region of the murine hck gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Sep;10(9):4603–4611. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.9.4603. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  236. Lomasney J. W., Cotecchia S., Lorenz W., Leung W. Y., Schwinn D. A., Yang-Feng T. L., Brownstein M., Lefkowitz R. J., Caron M. G. Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA for the alpha 1A-adrenergic receptor. The gene for which is located on human chromosome 5. J Biol Chem. 1991 Apr 5;266(10):6365–6369. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  237. Lonberg N., Gettner S. N., Lacy E., Littman D. R. Mouse brain CD4 transcripts encode only the COOH-terminal half of the protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):2224–2228. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.2224. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  238. Lopez L. C., Youakim A., Evans S. C., Shur B. D. Evidence for a molecular distinction between Golgi and cell surface forms of beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 25;266(24):15984–15991. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  239. Lowrey D. M., Aebischer T., Olsen K., Lichtenheld M., Rupp F., Hengartner H., Podack E. R. Cloning, analysis, and expression of murine perforin 1 cDNA, a component of cytolytic T-cell granules with homology to complement component C9. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):247–251. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.1.247. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  240. Luckow V. A., Summers M. D. High level expression of nonfused foreign genes with Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus expression vectors. Virology. 1989 May;170(1):31–39. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90348-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  241. Luo X. C., Park K., Lopez-Casillas F., Kim K. H. Structural features of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene: mechanisms for the generation of mRNAs with 5' end heterogeneity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(11):4042–4046. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.11.4042. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  242. Lupton S. D., Gimpel S., Jerzy R., Brunton L. L., Hjerrild K. A., Cosman D., Goodwin R. G. Characterization of the human and murine IL-7 genes. J Immunol. 1990 May 1;144(9):3592–3601. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  243. López-Casillas F., Kim K. H. Heterogeneity at the 5' end of rat acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase mRNA. Lipogenic conditions enhance synthesis of a unique mRNA in liver. J Biol Chem. 1989 May 5;264(13):7176–7184. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  244. Maldonado F., Hanks S. K. A cDNA clone encoding human cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit C alpha. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Aug 25;16(16):8189–8190. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.16.8189. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  245. Mali M., Jaakkola P., Arvilommi A. M., Jalkanen M. Sequence of human syndecan indicates a novel gene family of integral membrane proteoglycans. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 25;265(12):6884–6889. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  246. Manet E., Gruffat H., Trescol-Biemont M. C., Moreno N., Chambard P., Giot J. F., Sergeant A. Epstein-Barr virus bicistronic mRNAs generated by facultative splicing code for two transcriptional trans-activators. EMBO J. 1989 Jun;8(6):1819–1826. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03576.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  247. Mano H., Ishikawa F., Nishida J., Hirai H., Takaku F. A novel protein-tyrosine kinase, tec, is preferentially expressed in liver. Oncogene. 1990 Dec;5(12):1781–1786. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  248. Mansour S. L., Martin G. R. Four classes of mRNA are expressed from the mouse int-2 gene, a member of the FGF gene family. EMBO J. 1988 Jul;7(7):2035–2041. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03043.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  249. Manzella J. M., Blackshear P. J. Regulation of rat ornithine decarboxylase mRNA translation by its 5'-untranslated region. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 15;265(20):11817–11822. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  250. Marth J. D., Overell R. W., Meier K. E., Krebs E. G., Perlmutter R. M. Translational activation of the lck proto-oncogene. Nature. 1988 Mar 10;332(6160):171–173. doi: 10.1038/332171a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  251. Masu Y., Nakayama K., Tamaki H., Harada Y., Kuno M., Nakanishi S. cDNA cloning of bovine substance-K receptor through oocyte expression system. 1987 Oct 29-Nov 4Nature. 329(6142):836–838. doi: 10.1038/329836a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  252. Mattion N. M., Mitchell D. B., Both G. W., Estes M. K. Expression of rotavirus proteins encoded by alternative open reading frames of genome segment 11. Virology. 1991 Mar;181(1):295–304. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90495-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  253. Mavrothalassitis G. J., Watson D. K., Papas T. S. Molecular and functional characterization of the promoter of ETS2, the human c-ets-2 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(3):1047–1051. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.3.1047. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  254. McGarry T. J., Lindquist S. The preferential translation of Drosophila hsp70 mRNA requires sequences in the untranslated leader. Cell. 1985 Oct;42(3):903–911. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90286-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  255. McGuire E. A., Hockett R. D., Pollock K. M., Bartholdi M. F., O'Brien S. J., Korsmeyer S. J. The t(11;14)(p15;q11) in a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line activates multiple transcripts, including Ttg-1, a gene encoding a potential zinc finger protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 May;9(5):2124–2132. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.5.2124. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  256. Meerovitch K., Pelletier J., Sonenberg N. A cellular protein that binds to the 5'-noncoding region of poliovirus RNA: implications for internal translation initiation. Genes Dev. 1989 Jul;3(7):1026–1034. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.7.1026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  257. Meijer D., Graus A., Kraay R., Langeveld A., Mulder M. P., Grosveld G. The octamer binding factor Oct6: cDNA cloning and expression in early embryonic cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 25;18(24):7357–7365. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.24.7357. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  258. Mellentin J. D., Smith S. D., Cleary M. L. lyl-1, a novel gene altered by chromosomal translocation in T cell leukemia, codes for a protein with a helix-loop-helix DNA binding motif. Cell. 1989 Jul 14;58(1):77–83. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90404-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  259. Mendel D. B., Hansen L. P., Graves M. K., Conley P. B., Crabtree G. R. HNF-1 alpha and HNF-1 beta (vHNF-1) share dimerization and homeo domains, but not activation domains, and form heterodimers in vitro. Genes Dev. 1991 Jun;5(6):1042–1056. doi: 10.1101/gad.5.6.1042. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  260. Messer G., Spengler U., Jung M. C., Honold G., Blömer K., Pape G. R., Riethmüller G., Weiss E. H. Polymorphic structure of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) locus: an NcoI polymorphism in the first intron of the human TNF-beta gene correlates with a variant amino acid in position 26 and a reduced level of TNF-beta production. J Exp Med. 1991 Jan 1;173(1):209–219. doi: 10.1084/jem.173.1.209. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  261. Meyer R., Hatada E. N., Hohmann H. P., Haiker M., Bartsch C., Röthlisberger U., Lahm H. W., Schlaeger E. J., van Loon A. P., Scheidereit C. Cloning of the DNA-binding subunit of human nuclear factor kappa B: the level of its mRNA is strongly regulated by phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 1;88(3):966–970. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.3.966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  262. Miles J. S., McLaren A. W., Wolf C. R. Alternative splicing in the human cytochrome P450IIB6 gene generates a high level of aberrant messages. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Oct 25;17(20):8241–8255. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.20.8241. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  263. Miller R. T., Counillon L., Pages G., Lifton R. P., Sardet C., Pouysségur J. Structure of the 5'-flanking regulatory region and gene for the human growth factor-activatable Na/H exchanger NHE-1. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jun 15;266(17):10813–10819. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  264. Mirkov T. E., Mathews D. M., Du Plessis D. H., Dodds J. A. Nucleotide sequence and translation of satellite tobacco mosaic virus RNA. Virology. 1989 May;170(1):139–146. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90361-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  265. Misrahi M., Loosfelt H., Atger M., Mériel C., Zerah V., Dessen P., Milgrom E. Organisation of the entire rabbit progesterone receptor mRNA and of the promoter and 5' flanking region of the gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jun 24;16(12):5459–5472. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.12.5459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  266. Mitchell D. B., Both G. W. Simian rotavirus SA11 segment 11 contains overlapping reading frames. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jul 11;16(13):6244–6244. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.13.6244. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  267. Mitsuhashi T., Nikodem V. M. Regulation of expression of the alternative mRNAs of the rat alpha-thyroid hormone receptor gene. J Biol Chem. 1989 May 25;264(15):8900–8904. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  268. Miyajima N., Horiuchi R., Shibuya Y., Fukushige S., Matsubara K., Toyoshima K., Yamamoto T. Two erbA homologs encoding proteins with different T3 binding capacities are transcribed from opposite DNA strands of the same genetic locus. Cell. 1989 Apr 7;57(1):31–39. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90169-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  269. Miyajima N., Kadowaki Y., Fukushige S., Shimizu S., Semba K., Yamanashi Y., Matsubara K., Toyoshima K., Yamamoto T. Identification of two novel members of erbA superfamily by molecular cloning: the gene products of the two are highly related to each other. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Dec 9;16(23):11057–11074. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.23.11057. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  270. Monsma F. J., Jr, Mahan L. C., McVittie L. D., Gerfen C. R., Sibley D. R. Molecular cloning and expression of a D1 dopamine receptor linked to adenylyl cyclase activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Sep;87(17):6723–6727. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.17.6723. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  271. Monsma F. J., Jr, McVittie L. D., Gerfen C. R., Mahan L. C., Sibley D. R. Multiple D2 dopamine receptors produced by alternative RNA splicing. Nature. 1989 Dec 21;342(6252):926–929. doi: 10.1038/342926a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  272. Moore D. D., Marks A. R., Buckley D. I., Kapler G., Payvar F., Goodman H. M. The first intron of the human growth hormone gene contains a binding site for glucocorticoid receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(3):699–702. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.3.699. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  273. Morgan D. O., Edman J. C., Standring D. N., Fried V. A., Smith M. C., Roth R. A., Rutter W. J. Insulin-like growth factor II receptor as a multifunctional binding protein. Nature. 1987 Sep 24;329(6137):301–307. doi: 10.1038/329301a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  274. Morishita K., Parganas E., Douglass E. C., Ihle J. N. Unique expression of the human Evi-1 gene in an endometrial carcinoma cell line: sequence of cDNAs and structure of alternatively spliced transcripts. Oncogene. 1990 Jul;5(7):963–971. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  275. Mueller C. R., Maire P., Schibler U. DBP, a liver-enriched transcriptional activator, is expressed late in ontogeny and its tissue specificity is determined posttranscriptionally. Cell. 1990 Apr 20;61(2):279–291. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90808-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  276. Muller A. J., Witte O. N. The 5' noncoding region of the human leukemia-associated oncogene BCR/ABL is a potent inhibitor of in vitro translation. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Nov;9(11):5234–5238. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.11.5234. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  277. Murphy P., Hill R. E. Expression of the mouse labial-like homeobox-containing genes, Hox 2.9 and Hox 1.6, during segmentation of the hindbrain. Development. 1991 Jan;111(1):61–74. doi: 10.1242/dev.111.1.61. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  278. Murphy S. P., Garbern J., Odenwald W. F., Lazzarini R. A., Linney E. Differential expression of the homeobox gene Hox-1.3 in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(15):5587–5591. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.15.5587. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  279. Murphy T. J., Alexander R. W., Griendling K. K., Runge M. S., Bernstein K. E. Isolation of a cDNA encoding the vascular type-1 angiotensin II receptor. Nature. 1991 May 16;351(6323):233–236. doi: 10.1038/351233a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  280. Murray M. B., Zilz N. D., McCreary N. L., MacDonald M. J., Towle H. C. Isolation and characterization of rat cDNA clones for two distinct thyroid hormone receptors. J Biol Chem. 1988 Sep 5;263(25):12770–12777. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  281. Mäkelä T. P., Saksela K., Alitalo K. Two N-myc polypeptides with distinct amino termini encoded by the second and third exons of the gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Apr;9(4):1545–1552. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.4.1545. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  282. Nagase T., Sudo T., Maekawa T., Yoshimura T., Fujisawa J., Yoshida M., Ishii S. Promoter region of the human CRE-BP1 gene encoding the transcriptional regulator binding to the cyclic AMP response element. J Biol Chem. 1990 Oct 5;265(28):17300–17306. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  283. Nagashima K., Yoshida M., Seiki M. A single species of pX mRNA of human T-cell leukemia virus type I encodes trans-activator p40x and two other phosphoproteins. J Virol. 1986 Nov;60(2):394–399. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.2.394-399.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  284. Nakano Y., Nishihara T., Sasayama S., Miwa T., Kamada S., Kakunaga T. Transcriptional regulatory elements in the 5' upstream and first intron regions of the human smooth muscle (aortic type) alpha-actin-encoding gene. Gene. 1991 Mar 15;99(2):285–289. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90140-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  285. Namen A. E., Lupton S., Hjerrild K., Wignall J., Mochizuki D. Y., Schmierer A., Mosley B., March C. J., Urdal D., Gillis S. Stimulation of B-cell progenitors by cloned murine interleukin-7. Nature. 1988 Jun 9;333(6173):571–573. doi: 10.1038/333571a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  286. Natsoulis G., Hilger F., Fink G. R. The HTS1 gene encodes both the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial histidine tRNA synthetases of S. cerevisiae. Cell. 1986 Jul 18;46(2):235–243. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90740-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  287. Nielsen F. C., Gammeltoft S., Christiansen J. Translational discrimination of mRNAs coding for human insulin-like growth factor II. J Biol Chem. 1990 Aug 15;265(23):13431–13434. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  288. Noda C., Ohguri M., Matsuda K., Nakamura T., Hasegawa A., Yagi S., Ichihara A. Organization and structure of the 5' flanking region of the rat serine dehydratase gene. J Biochem. 1990 Oct;108(4):622–628. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123253. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  289. Nomura N., Sasamoto S., Ishii S., Date T., Matsui M., Ishizaki R. Isolation of human cDNA clones of ski and the ski-related gene, sno. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jul 25;17(14):5489–5500. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.14.5489. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  290. Nonaka M., Ishikawa N., Passwell J., Natsuume-Sakai S., Colten H. R. Tissue-specific initiation of murine complement factor B mRNA transcription. J Immunol. 1989 Feb 15;142(4):1377–1382. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  291. Nordqvist K., Akusjärvi G. Adenovirus early region 4 stimulates mRNA accumulation via 5' introns. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9543–9547. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.24.9543. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  292. Norman C., Runswick M., Pollock R., Treisman R. Isolation and properties of cDNA clones encoding SRF, a transcription factor that binds to the c-fos serum response element. Cell. 1988 Dec 23;55(6):989–1003. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90244-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  293. Nudel U., Zuk D., Einat P., Zeelon E., Levy Z., Neuman S., Yaffe D. Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene product is not identical in muscle and brain. Nature. 1989 Jan 5;337(6202):76–78. doi: 10.1038/337076a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  294. Nutter R. C., Scheets K., Panganiban L. C., Lommel S. A. The complete nucleotide sequence of the maize chlorotic mottle virus genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Apr 25;17(8):3163–3177. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.8.3163. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  295. O'Mahony D. J., Rothblum L. I. Identification of two forms of the RNA polymerase I transcription factor UBF. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 15;88(8):3180–3184. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.8.3180. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  296. Oda T., Funai T., Ichiyama A. Generation from a single gene of two mRNAs that encode the mitochondrial and peroxisomal serine:pyruvate aminotransferase of rat liver. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 5;265(13):7513–7519. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  297. Ogawa H., Fujioka M., Matsuda Y., Su Y., Dunn T., Miller D. A., Pitot H. C. Sequence of the rat serine dehydratase gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Nov 25;16(22):10921–10923. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.22.10921. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  298. Ohagi S., Nishi M., Steiner D. F. Sequence of a cDNA encoding human LRP (leukocyte common antigen-related peptide). Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 11;18(23):7159–7159. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.23.7159. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  299. Ohno H., Takimoto G., McKeithan T. W. The candidate proto-oncogene bcl-3 is related to genes implicated in cell lineage determination and cell cycle control. Cell. 1990 Mar 23;60(6):991–997. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90347-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  300. Ohno S., Akita Y., Konno Y., Imajoh S., Suzuki K. A novel phorbol ester receptor/protein kinase, nPKC, distantly related to the protein kinase C family. Cell. 1988 Jun 3;53(5):731–741. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90091-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  301. Ono Y., Fujii T., Ogita K., Kikkawa U., Igarashi K., Nishizuka Y. Protein kinase C zeta subspecies from rat brain: its structure, expression, and properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3099–3103. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.9.3099. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  302. Oosterwegel M., van de Wetering M., Dooijes D., Klomp L., Winoto A., Georgopoulos K., Meijlink F., Clevers H. Cloning of murine TCF-1, a T cell-specific transcription factor interacting with functional motifs in the CD3-epsilon and T cell receptor alpha enhancers. J Exp Med. 1991 May 1;173(5):1133–1142. doi: 10.1084/jem.173.5.1133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  303. Oren R., Takahashi S., Doss C., Levy R., Levy S. TAPA-1, the target of an antiproliferative antibody, defines a new family of transmembrane proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;10(8):4007–4015. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.8.4007. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  304. Osatomi K., Sumiyoshi H. Complete nucleotide sequence of dengue type 3 virus genome RNA. Virology. 1990 Jun;176(2):643–647. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90037-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  305. Ozer J., Faber M., Chalkley R., Sealy L. Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone for the CCAAT transcription factor EFIA reveals a novel structural motif. J Biol Chem. 1990 Dec 25;265(36):22143–22152. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  306. Pain V. M. Initiation of protein synthesis in mammalian cells. Biochem J. 1986 May 1;235(3):625–637. doi: 10.1042/bj2350625. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  307. Palmiter R. D., Sandgren E. P., Avarbock M. R., Allen D. D., Brinster R. L. Heterologous introns can enhance expression of transgenes in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 15;88(2):478–482. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.2.478. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  308. Pasquale E. B. A distinctive family of embryonic protein-tyrosine kinase receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(15):5812–5816. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.15.5812. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  309. Paul S. R., Bennett F., Calvetti J. A., Kelleher K., Wood C. R., O'Hara R. M., Jr, Leary A. C., Sibley B., Clark S. C., Williams D. A. Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding interleukin 11, a stromal cell-derived lymphopoietic and hematopoietic cytokine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7512–7516. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7512. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  310. Persing D. H., Varmus H. E., Ganem D. A frameshift mutation in the pre-S region of the human hepatitis B virus genome allows production of surface antigen particles but eliminates binding to polymerized albumin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3440–3444. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3440. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  311. Persing D. H., Varmus H. E., Ganem D. Inhibition of secretion of hepatitis B surface antigen by a related presurface polypeptide. Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1388–1391. doi: 10.1126/science.3787251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  312. Petty I. T., Jackson A. O. Two forms of the major barley stripe mosaic virus nonstructural protein are synthesized in vivo from alternative initiation codons. Virology. 1990 Aug;177(2):829–832. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90559-a. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  313. Pleiman C. M., Gimpel S. D., Park L. S., Harada H., Taniguchi T., Ziegler S. F. Organization of the murine and human interleukin-7 receptor genes: two mRNAs generated by differential splicing and presence of a type I-interferon-inducible promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jun;11(6):3052–3059. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.6.3052. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  314. Plowman G. D., Green J. M., McDonald V. L., Neubauer M. G., Disteche C. M., Todaro G. J., Shoyab M. The amphiregulin gene encodes a novel epidermal growth factor-related protein with tumor-inhibitory activity. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):1969–1981. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.5.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  315. Plowman G. D., Whitney G. S., Neubauer M. G., Green J. M., McDonald V. L., Todaro G. J., Shoyab M. Molecular cloning and expression of an additional epidermal growth factor receptor-related gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):4905–4909. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.13.4905. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  316. Prats A. C., De Billy G., Wang P., Darlix J. L. CUG initiation codon used for the synthesis of a cell surface antigen coded by the murine leukemia virus. J Mol Biol. 1989 Jan 20;205(2):363–372. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90347-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  317. Pritchett D. B., Bach A. W., Wozny M., Taleb O., Dal Toso R., Shih J. C., Seeburg P. H. Structure and functional expression of cloned rat serotonin 5HT-2 receptor. EMBO J. 1988 Dec 20;7(13):4135–4140. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03308.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  318. Propst F., Rosenberg M. P., Iyer A., Kaul K., Vande Woude G. F. c-mos proto-oncogene RNA transcripts in mouse tissues: structural features, developmental regulation, and localization in specific cell types. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 May;7(5):1629–1637. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.5.1629. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  319. Pytela R. Amino acid sequence of the murine Mac-1 alpha chain reveals homology with the integrin family and an additional domain related to von Willebrand factor. EMBO J. 1988 May;7(5):1371–1378. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02953.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  320. Qian F., Frankfater A., Chan S. J., Steiner D. F. The structure of the mouse cathepsin B gene and its putative promoter. DNA Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;10(3):159–168. doi: 10.1089/dna.1991.10.159. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  321. Qian S. W., Kondaiah P., Casscells W., Roberts A. B., Sporn M. B. A second messenger RNA species of transforming growth factor beta 1 in infarcted rat heart. Cell Regul. 1991 Mar;2(3):241–249. doi: 10.1091/mbc.2.3.241. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  322. Quintrell N., Lebo R., Varmus H., Bishop J. M., Pettenati M. J., Le Beau M. M., Diaz M. O., Rowley J. D. Identification of a human gene (HCK) that encodes a protein-tyrosine kinase and is expressed in hemopoietic cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jun;7(6):2267–2275. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.6.2267. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  323. Rao C. D., Pech M., Robbins K. C., Aaronson S. A. The 5' untranslated sequence of the c-sis/platelet-derived growth factor 2 transcript is a potent translational inhibitor. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jan;8(1):284–292. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.1.284. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  324. Rao V. N., Papas T. S., Reddy E. S. erg, a human ets-related gene on chromosome 21: alternative splicing, polyadenylation, and translation. Science. 1987 Aug 7;237(4815):635–639. doi: 10.1126/science.3299708. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  325. Ray D., Culine S., Tavitain A., Moreau-Gachelin F. The human homologue of the putative proto-oncogene Spi-1: characterization and expression in tumors. Oncogene. 1990 May;5(5):663–668. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  326. Ray D., Meneceur P., Tavitian A., Robert-Lezenes J. Presence of a c-myc transcript initiated in intron 1 in Friend erythroleukemia cells and in other murine cell types with no evidence of c-myc gene rearrangement. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Feb;7(2):940–945. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.2.940. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  327. Reeves R., Spies G. A., Kiefer M., Barr P. J., Power M. Primary structure of the putative human oncogene, pim-1. Gene. 1990 Jun 15;90(2):303–307. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90195-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  328. Reynolds P. J., Lesley J., Trotter J., Schulte R., Hyman R., Sefton B. M. Changes in the relative abundance of type I and type II lck mRNA transcripts suggest differential promoter usage during T-cell development. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;10(8):4266–4270. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.8.4266. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  329. Rochon D. M., Johnston J. C. Infectious transcripts from cloned cucumber necrosis virus cDNA: evidence for a bifunctional subgenomic mRNA. Virology. 1991 Apr;181(2):656–665. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90899-m. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  330. Ronen D., Rotter V., Reisman D. Expression from the murine p53 promoter is mediated by factor binding to a downstream helix-loop-helix recognition motif. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 May 15;88(10):4128–4132. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.10.4128. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  331. Rorsman F., Bywater M., Knott T. J., Scott J., Betsholtz C. Structural characterization of the human platelet-derived growth factor A-chain cDNA and gene: alternative exon usage predicts two different precursor proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;8(2):571–577. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.2.571. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  332. Rose-John S., Dietrich A., Marks F. Molecular cloning of mouse protein kinase C (PKC) cDNA from Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. Gene. 1988 Dec 30;74(2):465–471. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90179-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  333. Rupp R. A., Kruse U., Multhaup G., Göbel U., Beyreuther K., Sippel A. E. Chicken NFI/TGGCA proteins are encoded by at least three independent genes: NFI-A, NFI-B and NFI-C with homologues in mammalian genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 May 11;18(9):2607–2616. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.9.2607. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  334. Russo R. N., Shaper N. L., Shaper J. H. Bovine beta 1----4-galactosyltransferase: two sets of mRNA transcripts encode two forms of the protein with different amino-terminal domains. In vitro translation experiments demonstrate that both the short and the long forms of the enzyme are type II membrane-bound glycoproteins. J Biol Chem. 1990 Feb 25;265(6):3324–3331. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  335. Ryder K., Lanahan A., Perez-Albuerne E., Nathans D. jun-D: a third member of the jun gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(5):1500–1503. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.5.1500. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  336. Ryseck R. P., Macdonald-Bravo H., Mattéi M. G., Ruppert S., Bravo R. Structure, mapping and expression of a growth factor inducible gene encoding a putative nuclear hormonal binding receptor. EMBO J. 1989 Nov;8(11):3327–3335. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08494.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  337. Römisch K., Webb J., Herz J., Prehn S., Frank R., Vingron M., Dobberstein B. Homology of 54K protein of signal-recognition particle, docking protein and two E. coli proteins with putative GTP-binding domains. Nature. 1989 Aug 10;340(6233):478–482. doi: 10.1038/340478a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  338. Saga Y., Tung J. S., Shen F. W., Pancoast T. C., Boyse E. A. Organization of the Ly-5 gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Nov;8(11):4889–4895. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.11.4889. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  339. Sap J., D'Eustachio P., Givol D., Schlessinger J. Cloning and expression of a widely expressed receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(16):6112–6116. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.16.6112. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  340. Saris C. J., Domen J., Berns A. The pim-1 oncogene encodes two related protein-serine/threonine kinases by alternative initiation at AUG and CUG. EMBO J. 1991 Mar;10(3):655–664. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07994.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  341. Sartor O., Gregory F. S., Templeton N. S., Pawar S., Perlmutter R. M., Rosen N. Selective expression of alternative lck mRNAs in human malignant cell lines. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jul;9(7):2983–2988. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.7.2983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  342. Sazer S., Schimke R. T. A re-examination of the 5' termini of mouse dihydrofolate reductase RNA. J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 5;261(10):4685–4690. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  343. Scheidereit C., Cromlish J. A., Gerster T., Kawakami K., Balmaceda C. G., Currie R. A., Roeder R. G. A human lymphoid-specific transcription factor that activates immunoglobulin genes is a homoeobox protein. Nature. 1988 Dec 8;336(6199):551–557. doi: 10.1038/336551a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  344. Schindler R., Clark B. D., Dinarello C. A. Dissociation between interleukin-1 beta mRNA and protein synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 25;265(18):10232–10237. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  345. Schneider C., Owen M. J., Banville D., Williams J. G. Primary structure of human transferrin receptor deduced from the mRNA sequence. Nature. 1984 Oct 18;311(5987):675–678. doi: 10.1038/311675b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  346. Schulz P., Stucka R., Feldmann H., Combriato G., Klobeck H. G., Fittler F. Sequence of a cDNA clone encompassing the complete mature human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and an unspliced leader sequence. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jul 11;16(13):6226–6226. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.13.6226. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  347. Schwartz S., Felber B. K., Benko D. M., Fenyö E. M., Pavlakis G. N. Cloning and functional analysis of multiply spliced mRNA species of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):2519–2529. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.6.2519-2529.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  348. Schwartz S., Felber B. K., Fenyö E. M., Pavlakis G. N. Env and Vpu proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are produced from multiple bicistronic mRNAs. J Virol. 1990 Nov;64(11):5448–5456. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.11.5448-5456.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  349. Schöffl F., Rieping M., Baumann G., Bevan M., Angermüller S. The function of plant heat shock promoter elements in the regulated expression of chimaeric genes in transgenic tobacco. Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Jun;217(2-3):246–253. doi: 10.1007/BF02464888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  350. Sedman S. A., Good P. J., Mertz J. E. Leader-encoded open reading frames modulate both the absolute and relative rates of synthesis of the virion proteins of simian virus 40. J Virol. 1989 Sep;63(9):3884–3893. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.9.3884-3893.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  351. Sedman S. A., Mertz J. E. Mechanisms of synthesis of virion proteins from the functionally bigenic late mRNAs of simian virus 40. J Virol. 1988 Mar;62(3):954–961. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.3.954-961.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  352. Seeburg P. H., Adelman J. P. Characterization of cDNA for precursor of human luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. Nature. 1984 Oct 18;311(5987):666–668. doi: 10.1038/311666a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  353. Seedorf U., Assmann G. Cloning, expression, and nucleotide sequence of rat liver sterol carrier protein 2 cDNAs. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 5;266(1):630–636. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  354. Sehgal A., Patil N., Chao M. A constitutive promoter directs expression of the nerve growth factor receptor gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Aug;8(8):3160–3167. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.8.3160. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  355. Seino S., Seino M., Nishi S., Bell G. I. Structure of the human insulin receptor gene and characterization of its promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):114–118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.1.114. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  356. Semba K., Nishizawa M., Miyajima N., Yoshida M. C., Sukegawa J., Yamanashi Y., Sasaki M., Yamamoto T., Toyoshima K. yes-related protooncogene, syn, belongs to the protein-tyrosine kinase family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(15):5459–5463. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.15.5459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  357. Shah N. P., Witte O. N., Denny C. T. Characterization of the BCR promoter in Philadelphia chromosome-positive and -negative cell lines. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Apr;11(4):1854–1860. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.4.1854. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  358. Sharpe P. T., Miller J. R., Evans E. P., Burtenshaw M. D., Gaunt S. J. Isolation and expression of a new mouse homeobox gene. Development. 1988 Feb;102(2):397–407. doi: 10.1242/dev.102.2.397. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  359. Shatkin A. J. Capping of eucaryotic mRNAs. Cell. 1976 Dec;9(4 Pt 2):645–653. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90128-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  360. Shimomura H., Terada A. Primary structure of the rat beta-1 adrenergic receptor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Aug 11;18(15):4591–4591. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.15.4591. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  361. Simmons D. M., Voss J. W., Ingraham H. A., Holloway J. M., Broide R. S., Rosenfeld M. G., Swanson L. W. Pituitary cell phenotypes involve cell-specific Pit-1 mRNA translation and synergistic interactions with other classes of transcription factors. Genes Dev. 1990 May;4(5):695–711. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.5.695. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  362. Sims J. E., March C. J., Cosman D., Widmer M. B., MacDonald H. R., McMahan C. J., Grubin C. E., Wignall J. M., Jackson J. L., Call S. M. cDNA expression cloning of the IL-1 receptor, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):585–589. doi: 10.1126/science.2969618. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  363. Siomi H., Shida H., Nam S. H., Nosaka T., Maki M., Hatanaka M. Sequence requirements for nucleolar localization of human T cell leukemia virus type I pX protein, which regulates viral RNA processing. Cell. 1988 Oct 21;55(2):197–209. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90043-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  364. Sleat D. E., Hull R., Turner P. C., Wilson T. M. Studies on the mechanism of translational enhancement by the 5'-leader sequence of tobacco mosaic virus RNA. Eur J Biochem. 1988 Jul 15;175(1):75–86. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14168.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  365. Snyder L. C., Trusko S. P., Freeman N., Eshleman J. R., Fakharzadeh S. S., George D. L. A gene amplified in a transformed mouse cell line undergoes complex transcriptional processing and encodes a nuclear protein. J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 15;263(32):17150–17158. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  366. Sobieszczuk P. W., Gonda T. J., Dunn A. R. Structure and biological activity of the transcriptional initiation sequences of the murine c-myb oncogene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Dec 11;17(23):9593–9611. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.23.9593. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  367. Soldati T., Schäfer B. W., Perriard J. C. Alternative ribosomal initiation gives rise to chicken brain-type creatine kinase isoproteins with heterogeneous amino termini. J Biol Chem. 1990 Mar 15;265(8):4498–4506. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  368. Sopta M., Burton Z. F., Greenblatt J. Structure and associated DNA-helicase activity of a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II. Nature. 1989 Oct 5;341(6241):410–414. doi: 10.1038/341410a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  369. Stamenkovic I., Asheim H. C., Deggerdal A., Blomhoff H. K., Smeland E. B., Funderud S. The B cell antigen CD75 is a cell surface sialytransferase. J Exp Med. 1990 Aug 1;172(2):641–643. doi: 10.1084/jem.172.2.641. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  370. Stanton L. W., Bishop J. M. Alternative processing of RNA transcribed from NMYC. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;7(12):4266–4272. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.12.4266. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  371. Stephens R. M., Derse D., Rice N. R. Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding equine infectious anemia virus tat and putative Rev proteins. J Virol. 1990 Aug;64(8):3716–3725. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.8.3716-3725.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  372. Sternberg E. A., Spizz G., Perry W. M., Vizard D., Weil T., Olson E. N. Identification of upstream and intragenic regulatory elements that confer cell-type-restricted and differentiation-specific expression on the muscle creatine kinase gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jul;8(7):2896–2909. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.7.2896. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  373. Stetler-Stevenson W. G., Brown P. D., Onisto M., Levy A. T., Liotta L. A. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) mRNA expression in tumor cell lines and human tumor tissues. J Biol Chem. 1990 Aug 15;265(23):13933–13938. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  374. Stirzaker S. C., Whitfeld P. L., Christie D. L., Bellamy A. R., Both G. W. Processing of rotavirus glycoprotein VP7: implications for the retention of the protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;105(6 Pt 2):2897–2903. doi: 10.1083/jcb.105.6.2897. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  375. Stone S. R., Hofsteenge J., Hemmings B. A. Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding two isoforms of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. Biochemistry. 1987 Nov 17;26(23):7215–7220. doi: 10.1021/bi00397a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  376. Strait K. A., Schwartz H. L., Perez-Castillo A., Oppenheimer J. H. Relationship of c-erbA mRNA content to tissue triiodothyronine nuclear binding capacity and function in developing and adult rats. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 25;265(18):10514–10521. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  377. Strathmann M. P., Simon M. I. G alpha 12 and G alpha 13 subunits define a fourth class of G protein alpha subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jul 1;88(13):5582–5586. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.13.5582. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  378. Strathmann M., Simon M. I. G protein diversity: a distinct class of alpha subunits is present in vertebrates and invertebrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9113–9117. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.23.9113. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  379. Suh P. G., Ryu S. H., Moon K. H., Suh H. W., Rhee S. G. Cloning and sequence of multiple forms of phospholipase C. Cell. 1988 Jul 15;54(2):161–169. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90548-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  380. Sukhatme V. P., Cao X. M., Chang L. C., Tsai-Morris C. H., Stamenkovich D., Ferreira P. C., Cohen D. R., Edwards S. A., Shows T. B., Curran T. A zinc finger-encoding gene coregulated with c-fos during growth and differentiation, and after cellular depolarization. Cell. 1988 Apr 8;53(1):37–43. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90485-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  381. Sun X. J., Rothenberg P., Kahn C. R., Backer J. M., Araki E., Wilden P. A., Cahill D. A., Goldstein B. J., White M. F. Structure of the insulin receptor substrate IRS-1 defines a unique signal transduction protein. Nature. 1991 Jul 4;352(6330):73–77. doi: 10.1038/352073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  382. Suva L. J., Mather K. A., Gillespie M. T., Webb G. C., Ng K. W., Winslow G. A., Wood W. I., Martin T. J., Hudson P. J. Structure of the 5' flanking region of the gene encoding human parathyroid-hormone-related protein (PTHrP). Gene. 1989 Apr 15;77(1):95–105. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90363-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  383. Suzich J. A., Kakach L. T., Collett M. S. Expression strategy of a phlebovirus: biogenesis of proteins from the Rift Valley fever virus M segment. J Virol. 1990 Apr;64(4):1549–1555. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.4.1549-1555.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  384. Szala S., Froehlich M., Scollon M., Kasai Y., Steplewski Z., Koprowski H., Linnenbach A. J. Molecular cloning of cDNA for the carcinoma-associated antigen GA733-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3542–3546. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.9.3542. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  385. Tacke E., Prüfer D., Salamini F., Rohde W. Characterization of a potato leafroll luteovirus subgenomic RNA: differential expression by internal translation initiation and UAG suppression. J Gen Virol. 1990 Oct;71(Pt 10):2265–2272. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-71-10-2265. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  386. Takahashi M., Buma Y., Hiai H. Isolation of ret proto-oncogene cDNA with an amino-terminal signal sequence. Oncogene. 1989 Jun;4(6):805–806. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  387. Takaki S., Tominaga A., Hitoshi Y., Mita S., Sonoda E., Yamaguchi N., Takatsu K. Molecular cloning and expression of the murine interleukin-5 receptor. EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(13):4367–4374. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07886.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  388. Takeshima H., Nishimura S., Matsumoto T., Ishida H., Kangawa K., Minamino N., Matsuo H., Ueda M., Hanaoka M., Hirose T. Primary structure and expression from complementary DNA of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Nature. 1989 Jun 8;339(6224):439–445. doi: 10.1038/339439a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  389. Tal M., King C. R., Kraus M. H., Ullrich A., Schlessinger J., Givol D. Human HER2 (neu) promoter: evidence for multiple mechanisms for transcriptional initiation. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;7(7):2597–2601. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.7.2597. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  390. Tamkun J. W., DeSimone D. W., Fonda D., Patel R. S., Buck C., Horwitz A. F., Hynes R. O. Structure of integrin, a glycoprotein involved in the transmembrane linkage between fibronectin and actin. Cell. 1986 Jul 18;46(2):271–282. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90744-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  391. Tamura S., Lynch K. R., Larner J., Fox J., Yasui A., Kikuchi K., Suzuki Y., Tsuiki S. Molecular cloning of rat type 2C (IA) protein phosphatase mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1796–1800. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.6.1796. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  392. Tedder T. F., Isaacs C. M. Isolation of cDNAs encoding the CD19 antigen of human and mouse B lymphocytes. A new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. J Immunol. 1989 Jul 15;143(2):712–717. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  393. Tedder T. F., Klejman G., Schlossman S. F., Saito H. Structure of the gene encoding the human B lymphocyte differentiation antigen CD20 (B1). J Immunol. 1989 Apr 1;142(7):2560–2568. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  394. Tedder T. F., Streuli M., Schlossman S. F., Saito H. Isolation and structure of a cDNA encoding the B1 (CD20) cell-surface antigen of human B lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):208–212. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.1.208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  395. Teruya J. H., Kutsunai S. Y., Spear D. H., Edwards P. A., Clarke C. F. Testis-specific transcription initiation sites of rat farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase mRNA. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):2315–2326. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.5.2315. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  396. Theill L. E., Wiborg O., Vuust J. Cell-specific expression of the human gastrin gene: evidence for a control element located downstream of the TATA box. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;7(12):4329–4336. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.12.4329. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  397. Thomas G., Martin-Pérez J., Siegmann M., Otto A. M. The effect of serum, EGF, PGF2 alpha and insulin on S6 phosphorylation and the initiation of protein and DNA synthesis. Cell. 1982 Aug;30(1):235–242. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90029-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  398. Thompson C. C., Weinberger C., Lebo R., Evans R. M. Identification of a novel thyroid hormone receptor expressed in the mammalian central nervous system. Science. 1987 Sep 25;237(4822):1610–1614. doi: 10.1126/science.3629259. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  399. Timmons M. S., Witte O. N. Structural characterization of the BCR gene product. Oncogene. 1989 May;4(5):559–567. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  400. Tobimatsu T., Fujisawa H. Tissue-specific expression of four types of rat calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mRNAs. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 25;264(30):17907–17912. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  401. Tollefson A. E., Krajcsi P., Pursley M. H., Gooding L. R., Wold W. S. A 14,500 MW protein is coded by region E3 of group C human adenoviruses. Virology. 1990 Mar;175(1):19–29. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90182-q. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  402. Tropschug M., Nicholson D. W., Hartl F. U., Köhler H., Pfanner N., Wachter E., Neupert W. Cyclosporin A-binding protein (cyclophilin) of Neurospora crassa. One gene codes for both the cytosolic and mitochondrial forms. J Biol Chem. 1988 Oct 5;263(28):14433–14440. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  403. Tropschug M. Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for cyclophilin/peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase of Neurospora crassa. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jan 11;18(1):190–190. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.1.190. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  404. Tsuji T., Okada F., Yamaguchi K., Nakamura T. Molecular cloning of the large subunit of transforming growth factor type beta masking protein and expression of the mRNA in various rat tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8835–8839. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.22.8835. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  405. Tsujimoto Y., Croce C. M. Analysis of the structure, transcripts, and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5214–5218. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.14.5214. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  406. Uzé G., Lutfalla G., Gresser I. Genetic transfer of a functional human interferon alpha receptor into mouse cells: cloning and expression of its cDNA. Cell. 1990 Jan 26;60(2):225–234. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90738-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  407. Vogel U. S., Dixon R. A., Schaber M. D., Diehl R. E., Marshall M. S., Scolnick E. M., Sigal I. S., Gibbs J. B. Cloning of bovine GAP and its interaction with oncogenic ras p21. Nature. 1988 Sep 1;335(6185):90–93. doi: 10.1038/335090a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  408. Vu T. H., Martin G. R., Lee P., Mark D., Wang A., Williams L. T. Developmentally regulated use of alternative promoters creates a novel platelet-derived growth factor receptor transcript in mouse teratocarcinoma and embryonic stem cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Oct;9(10):4563–4567. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.10.4563. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  409. Vu T. K., Hung D. T., Wheaton V. I., Coughlin S. R. Molecular cloning of a functional thrombin receptor reveals a novel proteolytic mechanism of receptor activation. Cell. 1991 Mar 22;64(6):1057–1068. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90261-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  410. Wainwright B. J., Scambler P. J., Stanier P., Watson E. K., Bell G., Wicking C., Estivill X., Courtney M., Boue A., Pedersen P. S. Isolation of a human gene with protein sequence similarity to human and murine int-1 and the Drosophila segment polarity mutant wingless. EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1743–1748. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03003.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  411. Wang W. P., Lehtoma K., Varban M. L., Krishnan I., Chiu I. M. Cloning of the gene coding for human class 1 heparin-binding growth factor and its expression in fetal tissues. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jun;9(6):2387–2395. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.6.2387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  412. Watanabe T., Yonekura H., Terazono K., Yamamoto H., Okamoto H. Complete nucleotide sequence of human reg gene and its expression in normal and tumoral tissues. The reg protein, pancreatic stone protein, and pancreatic thread protein are one and the same product of the gene. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 5;265(13):7432–7439. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  413. Waterhouse P., Khokha R., Denhardt D. T. Modulation of translation by the 5' leader sequence of the mRNA encoding murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 5;265(10):5585–5589. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  414. Wei L. L., Gonzalez-Aller C., Wood W. M., Miller L. A., Horwitz K. B. 5'-Heterogeneity in human progesterone receptor transcripts predicts a new amino-terminal truncated "C"-receptor and unique A-receptor messages. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Dec;4(12):1833–1840. doi: 10.1210/mend-4-12-1833. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  415. Weil D., Brosset S., Dautry F. RNA processing is a limiting step for murine tumor necrosis factor beta expression in response to interleukin-2. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Nov;10(11):5865–5875. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.11.5865. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  416. Weinberg A. D., Swain S. L. IL-2 receptor (Tac antigen) protein expression is down-regulated by the 5'-untranslated region of the mRNA. J Immunol. 1990 Jun 15;144(12):4712–4720. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  417. Weinberger C., Thompson C. C., Ong E. S., Lebo R., Gruol D. J., Evans R. M. The c-erb-A gene encodes a thyroid hormone receptor. Nature. 1986 Dec 18;324(6098):641–646. doi: 10.1038/324641a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  418. Williams M. A., Lamb R. A. Effect of mutations and deletions in a bicistronic mRNA on the synthesis of influenza B virus NB and NA glycoproteins. J Virol. 1989 Jan;63(1):28–35. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.1.28-35.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  419. Wilson-Rawls J., Saha S. K., Krajcsi P., Tollefson A. E., Gooding L. R., Wold W. S. A 6700 MW membrane protein is encoded by region E3 of adenovirus type 2. Virology. 1990 Sep;178(1):204–212. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90395-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  420. Xiao J. H., Davidson I., Matthes H., Garnier J. M., Chambon P. Cloning, expression, and transcriptional properties of the human enhancer factor TEF-1. Cell. 1991 May 17;65(4):551–568. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90088-g. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  421. Xie W. L., Chipman J. G., Robertson D. L., Erikson R. L., Simmons D. L. Expression of a mitogen-responsive gene encoding prostaglandin synthase is regulated by mRNA splicing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 1;88(7):2692–2696. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.7.2692. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  422. Yamamoto M., Ko L. J., Leonard M. W., Beug H., Orkin S. H., Engel J. D. Activity and tissue-specific expression of the transcription factor NF-E1 multigene family. Genes Dev. 1990 Oct;4(10):1650–1662. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.10.1650. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  423. Yamanashi Y., Fukushige S., Semba K., Sukegawa J., Miyajima N., Matsubara K., Yamamoto T., Toyoshima K. The yes-related cellular gene lyn encodes a possible tyrosine kinase similar to p56lck. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):237–243. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.237. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  424. Yamasaki K., Taga T., Hirata Y., Yawata H., Kawanishi Y., Seed B., Taniguchi T., Hirano T., Kishimoto T. Cloning and expression of the human interleukin-6 (BSF-2/IFN beta 2) receptor. Science. 1988 Aug 12;241(4867):825–828. doi: 10.1126/science.3136546. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  425. Yan C., Tamm I. Molecular cloning and characterization of interferon alpha/beta response element binding factors of the murine (2'-5')oligoadenylate synthetase ME-12 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 1;88(1):144–148. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.1.144. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  426. Yoo O. J., Yoon H. S., Baek K. H., Jeon C. J., Miyamoto K., Ueno A., Agarwal K. Cloning, expression and characterization of the human transcription elongation factor, TFIIS. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Mar 11;19(5):1073–1079. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.5.1073. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  427. Yoshida T., Miyagawa K., Odagiri H., Sakamoto H., Little P. F., Terada M., Sugimura T. Genomic sequence of hst, a transforming gene encoding a protein homologous to fibroblast growth factors and the int-2-encoded protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7305–7309. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.20.7305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  428. Young J. C., Gishizky M. L., Witte O. N. Hyperexpression of interleukin-7 is not necessary or sufficient for transformation of a pre-B lymphoid cell line. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Feb;11(2):854–863. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.2.854. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  429. Zakany J., Tuggle C. K., Patel M. D., Nguyen-Huu M. C. Spatial regulation of homeobox gene fusions in the embryonic central nervous system of transgenic mice. Neuron. 1988 Oct;1(8):679–691. doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(88)90167-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  430. Zelent A., Mendelsohn C., Kastner P., Krust A., Garnier J. M., Ruffenach F., Leroy P., Chambon P. Differentially expressed isoforms of the mouse retinoic acid receptor beta generated by usage of two promoters and alternative splicing. EMBO J. 1991 Jan;10(1):71–81. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07922.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  431. Zerial M., Toschi L., Ryseck R. P., Schuermann M., Müller R., Bravo R. The product of a novel growth factor activated gene, fos B, interacts with JUN proteins enhancing their DNA binding activity. EMBO J. 1989 Mar;8(3):805–813. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03441.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  432. Zheng X. M., Black D., Chambon P., Egly J. M. Sequencing and expression of complementary DNA for the general transcription factor BTF3. Nature. 1990 Apr 5;344(6266):556–559. doi: 10.1038/344556a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  433. Zon L. I., Tsai S. F., Burgess S., Matsudaira P., Bruns G. A., Orkin S. H. The major human erythroid DNA-binding protein (GF-1): primary sequence and localization of the gene to the X chromosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):668–672. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.2.668. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  434. Zot A. S., Fambrough D. M. Structure of a gene for a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein (LEP100). Housekeeping gene with unexpected exon organization. J Biol Chem. 1990 Dec 5;265(34):20988–20995. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  435. de Thé H., Marchio A., Tiollais P., Dejean A. A novel steroid thyroid hormone receptor-related gene inappropriately expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature. 1987 Dec 17;330(6149):667–670. doi: 10.1038/330667a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  436. van Straaten F., Müller R., Curran T., Van Beveren C., Verma I. M. Complete nucleotide sequence of a human c-onc gene: deduced amino acid sequence of the human c-fos protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jun;80(11):3183–3187. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.11.3183. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Cell Biology are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES