Abstract
Alterations in the autochthonous vaginal microflora can predispose women to recurring attacks of Candida vaginitis. Quantitative aerobic and anaerobic cultures were obtained from 24 premenopausal women with acute recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and from 21 healthy asymptomatic premenopausal women. Lactobacillus species constituted the predominant flora in both groups, with a mean log10 CFU/ml of 8.7, a total isolation rate of 96%, and a mean of 1.6 Lactobacillus species isolated per patient compared with a mean log10 CFU/ml of 8.9, a total isolation rate of 90%, and a mean of 1.2 Lactobacillus species isolated per patient in the vaginitis and control groups, respectively. The results of this small study failed to provide evidence of an altered or abnormal vaginal bacterial flora in women with non-antibiotic-induced recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis suffering from acute Candida vaginitis.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (158.1 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Auger P., Joly J. Microbial flora associated with Candida albicans vulvovaginitis. Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Mar;55(3):397–401. doi: 10.1097/00006250-198003000-00029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barefoot S. F., Klaenhammer T. R. Detection and activity of lactacin B, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Jun;45(6):1808–1815. doi: 10.1128/aem.45.6.1808-1815.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Collins E. B., Hardt P. Inhibition of Candida albicans by Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Dairy Sci. 1980 May;63(5):830–832. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)83013-X. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Danley D. L., Hilger A. E., Winkel C. A. Generation of hydrogen peroxide by Candida albicans and influence on murine polymorphonuclear leukocyte activity. Infect Immun. 1983 Apr;40(1):97–102. doi: 10.1128/iai.40.1.97-102.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eschenbach D. A., Davick P. R., Williams B. L., Klebanoff S. J., Young-Smith K., Critchlow C. M., Holmes K. K. Prevalence of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus species in normal women and women with bacterial vaginosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Feb;27(2):251–256. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.2.251-256.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eschenbach D. A., Hillier S., Critchlow C., Stevens C., DeRouen T., Holmes K. K. Diagnosis and clinical manifestations of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Apr;158(4):819–828. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(88)90078-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Galask R. P. Vaginal colonization by bacteria and yeast. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Apr;158(4):993–995. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(88)90111-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hamdan I. Y., Mikolajcik E. M. Acidolin: an antibiotic produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1974 Aug;27(8):631–636. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.27.631. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hillier S. L., Krohn M. A., Klebanoff S. J., Eschenbach D. A. The relationship of hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli to bacterial vaginosis and genital microflora in pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol. 1992 Mar;79(3):369–373. doi: 10.1097/00006250-199203000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hillier S. L., Krohn M. A., Nugent R. P., Gibbs R. S. Characteristics of three vaginal flora patterns assessed by gram stain among pregnant women. Vaginal Infections and Prematurity Study Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992 Mar;166(3):938–944. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(92)91368-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hilton E., Isenberg H. D., Alperstein P., France K., Borenstein M. T. Ingestion of yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus as prophylaxis for candidal vaginitis. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Mar 1;116(5):353–357. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-116-5-353. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes V. L., Hillier S. L. Microbiologic characteristics of Lactobacillus products used for colonization of the vagina. Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Feb;75(2):244–248. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klebanoff S. J., Hillier S. L., Eschenbach D. A., Waltersdorph A. M. Control of the microbial flora of the vagina by H2O2-generating lactobacilli. J Infect Dis. 1991 Jul;164(1):94–100. doi: 10.1093/infdis/164.1.94. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Larsen B., Galask R. P. Vaginal microbial flora: practical and theoretic relevance. Obstet Gynecol. 1980 May;55(5 Suppl):100S–113S. doi: 10.1097/00006250-198003001-00032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lehrer R. I. Antifungal effects of peroxidase systems. J Bacteriol. 1969 Aug;99(2):361–365. doi: 10.1128/jb.99.2.361-365.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levison M. E., Trestman I., Quach R., Sladowski C., Floro C. N. Quantitative bacteriology of the vaginal flora in vaginitis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979 Jan 15;133(2):139–144. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(79)90464-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Purohit B. C., Joshi K. R., Ramdeo I. N., Bharadwaj T. P. The formation of germtubes by Candida albicans, when grown with Staphylococcus pyogene, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacilius acidophilus and Proteus vulgaris. Mycopathologia. 1977 Dec 31;62(3):187–189. doi: 10.1007/BF00444114. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Redondo-Lopez V., Cook R. L., Sobel J. D. Emerging role of lactobacilli in the control and maintenance of the vaginal bacterial microflora. Rev Infect Dis. 1990 Sep-Oct;12(5):856–872. doi: 10.1093/clinids/12.5.856. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Selvaggi L., Restaino A., Loizzi P., Causio F., Mollica G. Studio della flora batterica associata nelle vaginiti da Candida albicans. Minerva Ginecol. 1981 Sep;33(9):863–866. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sparks J. M. Vaginitis. J Reprod Med. 1991 Oct;36(10):745–752. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wilks M., Thin R. N., Tabaqchali S. Quantitative bacteriology of the vaginal flora in genital disease. J Med Microbiol. 1984 Oct;18(2):217–231. doi: 10.1099/00222615-18-2-217. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]