Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1997 Jan;35(1):139–143. doi: 10.1128/jcm.35.1.139-143.1997

Multicenter evaluation of proposed standardized procedure for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi.

A Espinel-Ingroff 1, M Bartlett 1, R Bowden 1, N X Chin 1, C Cooper Jr 1, A Fothergill 1, M R McGinnis 1, P Menezes 1, S A Messer 1, P W Nelson 1, F C Odds 1, L Pasarell 1, J Peter 1, M A Pfaller 1, J H Rex 1, M G Rinaldi 1, G S Shankland 1, T J Walsh 1, I Weitzman 1
PMCID: PMC229526  PMID: 8968895

Abstract

A multicenter study was conducted to expand the generation and analysis of data that supports the proposal of a reference method for the antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. Broth microdilution MICs of amphotericin B and itraconazole were determined in 11 centers against 30 coded duplicate pairs of Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., Pseudallescheria boydii, and Rhizopus arrhizus. The effect of inoculum density (approximately 10(3) and 10(4) CFU/ml), incubation time (24, 48, and 72 h), and procedure of MIC determination (conventional and colorimetric [Alamar Blue] evaluation of growth inhibition) on intra- and interlaboratory agreement was analyzed. Based on intra- (97 to 100%) and interlaboratory (94 to 95%) agreement for both drugs, the overall optimal testing conditions identified were determination of colorimetric MICs after 48 to 72 h of incubation with an inoculum density of approximately 10(4) CFU/ml. These testing conditions are proposed as guidelines for a reference broth microdilution method.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (184.3 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Anaissie E. J., Hachem R., Legrand C., Legenne P., Nelson P., Bodey G. P. Lack of activity of amphotericin B in systemic murine fusarial infection. J Infect Dis. 1992 Jun;165(6):1155–1157. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Beck-Sagué C., Jarvis W. R. Secular trends in the epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections in the United States, 1980-1990. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. J Infect Dis. 1993 May;167(5):1247–1251. doi: 10.1093/infdis/167.5.1247. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Denning D. W., Lee J. Y., Hostetler J. S., Pappas P., Kauffman C. A., Dewsnup D. H., Galgiani J. N., Graybill J. R., Sugar A. M., Catanzaro A. NIAID Mycoses Study Group Multicenter Trial of Oral Itraconazole Therapy for Invasive Aspergillosis. Am J Med. 1994 Aug;97(2):135–144. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(94)90023-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Espinel-Ingroff A., Dawson K., Pfaller M., Anaissie E., Breslin B., Dixon D., Fothergill A., Paetznick V., Peter J., Rinaldi M. Comparative and collaborative evaluation of standardization of antifungal susceptibility testing for filamentous fungi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Feb;39(2):314–319. doi: 10.1128/aac.39.2.314. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Espinel-Ingroff A., Kerkering T. M. Spectrophotometric method of inoculum preparation for the in vitro susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Feb;29(2):393–394. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.2.393-394.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Espinel-Ingroff A., Kish C. W., Jr, Kerkering T. M., Fromtling R. A., Bartizal K., Galgiani J. N., Villareal K., Pfaller M. A., Gerarden T., Rinaldi M. G. Collaborative comparison of broth macrodilution and microdilution antifungal susceptibility tests. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Dec;30(12):3138–3145. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.12.3138-3145.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fromtling R. A., Galgiani J. N., Pfaller M. A., Espinel-Ingroff A., Bartizal K. F., Bartlett M. S., Body B. A., Frey C., Hall G., Roberts G. D. Multicenter evaluation of a broth macrodilution antifungal susceptibility test for yeasts. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Jan;37(1):39–45. doi: 10.1128/aac.37.1.39. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Pfaller M. A., Bale M., Buschelman B., Lancaster M., Espinel-Ingroff A., Rex J. H., Rinaldi M. G., Cooper C. R., McGinnis M. R. Quality control guidelines for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards recommended broth macrodilution testing of amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine. J Clin Microbiol. 1995 May;33(5):1104–1107. doi: 10.1128/jcm.33.5.1104-1107.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Rex J. H., Cooper C. R., Jr, Merz W. G., Galgiani J. N., Anaissie E. J. Detection of amphotericin B-resistant Candida isolates in a broth-based system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Apr;39(4):906–909. doi: 10.1128/aac.39.4.906. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Rex J. H., Pfaller M. A., Lancaster M., Odds F. C., Bolmström A., Rinaldi M. G. Quality control guidelines for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards--recommended broth macrodilution testing of ketoconazole and itraconazole. J Clin Microbiol. 1996 Apr;34(4):816–817. doi: 10.1128/jcm.34.4.816-817.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Rodriguez-Tudela J. L., Martinez-Suarez J. V. Improved medium for fluconazole susceptibility testing of Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Jan;38(1):45–48. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.1.45. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. States B., Segal S. Levels of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in cultured skin fibroblasts from cystinotics and normals. Life Sci. 1980 Nov 24;27(21):1985–1990. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(80)90419-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Supparatpinyo K., Nelson K. E., Merz W. G., Breslin B. J., Cooper C. R., Jr, Kamwan C., Sirisanthana T. Response to antifungal therapy by human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with disseminated Penicillium marneffei infections and in vitro susceptibilities of isolates from clinical specimens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Nov;37(11):2407–2411. doi: 10.1128/aac.37.11.2407. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Vartivarian S. E., Anaissie E. J., Bodey G. P. Emerging fungal pathogens in immunocompromised patients: classification, diagnosis, and management. Clin Infect Dis. 1993 Nov;17 (Suppl 2):S487–S491. doi: 10.1093/clinids/17.supplement_2.s487. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Walsh T. J., Peter J., McGough D. A., Fothergill A. W., Rinaldi M. G., Pizzo P. A. Activities of amphotericin B and antifungal azoles alone and in combination against Pseudallescheria boydii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Jun;39(6):1361–1364. doi: 10.1128/aac.39.6.1361. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Wingard J. R. Importance of Candida species other than C. albicans as pathogens in oncology patients. Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Jan;20(1):115–125. doi: 10.1093/clinids/20.1.115. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES