Skip to main content
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1997 Nov;35(11):2985–2988. doi: 10.1128/jcm.35.11.2985-2988.1997

Development of an antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance system for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Malawi: comparison of methods.

C C Daly 1, I Hoffman 1, M Hobbs 1, M Maida 1, D Zimba 1, R Davis 1, G Mughogho 1, M S Cohen 1
PMCID: PMC230103  PMID: 9350775

Abstract

Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to gentamicin, the primary treatment for gonorrhea in Malawi since 1993, was determined by using agar dilution MICs, E-test MICs, disc diffusion, and clinical cure rate. Agar dilution MICs were slightly higher in 1996 than in 1993 isolates, with a concomitant drop in the clinical cure rate. E-test MICs were substantially lower than agar dilution determinations, with only 77.4% within 1 log2 concentration.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (129.9 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andrews J. M., Bradley J. E., Wise R. Comparison of 'E' test with conventional agar MIC. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 May;31(5):802–803. doi: 10.1093/jac/31.5.802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bowie W., Ronald A. R., Krywulak W., Cates C. Y., Boutros P. Gentamicin in the treatment of gonorrhoea in females. Br J Vener Dis. 1974 Jun;50(3):208–211. doi: 10.1136/sti.50.3.208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Coole L., Lees A., Swann R. A. Determination of penicillin minimum inhibitory concentrations for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by the E test. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 Jan;31(1):173–174. doi: 10.1093/jac/31.1.173. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dallabetta G. A., Miotti P. G., Chiphangwi J. D., Saah A. J., Liomba G., Odaka N., Sungani F., Hoover D. R. High socioeconomic status is a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection but not for sexually transmitted diseases in women in Malawi: implications for HIV-1 control. J Infect Dis. 1993 Jan;167(1):36–42. doi: 10.1093/infdis/167.1.36. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Felarca A. B., Laqui E. M., Ibarra L. M. Gentamicin in gonococcal urethritis of Filipino males: dosage and response. J Infect Dis. 1971 Dec;124 (Suppl):S287–S292. doi: 10.1093/infdis/124.supplement_1.s287. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hira S. K., Attili V. R., Kamanga J., Mkandawire O., Patel J. S., Patel M. I. Efficacy of gentamicin and kanamycin in the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in Zambia. Sex Transm Dis. 1985 Jan-Mar;12(1):52–54. doi: 10.1097/00007435-198501000-00011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Laga M., Manoka A., Kivuvu M., Malele B., Tuliza M., Nzila N., Goeman J., Behets F., Batter V., Alary M. Non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases as risk factors for HIV-1 transmission in women: results from a cohort study. AIDS. 1993 Jan;7(1):95–102. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199301000-00015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Laga M., Nzila N., Goeman J. The interrelationship of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV infection: implications for the control of both epidemics in Africa. AIDS. 1991;5 (Suppl 1):S55–S63. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lind I. Epidemiology of antibiotic resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in industrialized and developing countries. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1990;69:77–82. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lule G., Behets F. M., Hoffman I. F., Dallabetta G., Hamilton H. A., Moeng S., Liomba G., Cohen M. S. STD/HIV control in Malawi and the search for affordable and effective urethritis therapy: a first field evaluation. Genitourin Med. 1994 Dec;70(6):384–388. doi: 10.1136/sti.70.6.384. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Morrison G. D., Reeves D. S. Gentamicin in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis. A microbiological, pharmacological, and clinical study. Br J Vener Dis. 1973 Dec;49(6):513–516. doi: 10.1136/sti.49.6.513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Sanchez M. L., Barrett M. S., Jones R. N. The E-Test applied to susceptibility tests of gonococci, multiply-resistant enterococci, and Enterobacteriaceae producing potent beta-lactamases. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1992 Jul;15(5):459–463. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(92)90090-g. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Tan N. J., Rajan V. S., Pang R., Sng E. H. Gentamicin in the treatment of infections due to penicillinase-producing gonococci. Br J Vener Dis. 1980 Dec;56(6):394–396. doi: 10.1136/sti.56.6.394. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Van Dyck E., Smet H., Piot P. Comparison of E test with agar dilution for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Jun;32(6):1586–1588. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.6.1586-1588.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Yeung K. H., Ng L. K., Dillon J. A. Evaluation of Etest for testing antimicrobial susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with different growth media. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Nov;31(11):3053–3055. doi: 10.1128/jcm.31.11.3053-3055.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES