. 2008 Feb 19;156(1):155–167. doi: 10.1007/s00442-008-0963-8

Table 3.

Bulk density of capitula section, stem section and total sample. Data are mean values ± SE, pooled within temperature treatment (see Table 1) and within competition treatment. Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments within a species (P < 0.05). There were no significant interactions between temperature and competition treatments. fus S. fuscum, bal S. balticum, mag S. magellanicum, cus S. cuspidatum

	Field value	Temperature				Combination
	Field value	T1	T2	T3	T4	Mono	fus–bal	mag–bal	mag–cus
Bulk density capitula (mg cm⁻³)
S. fuscum	38 ± 2	35 ± 2^b	37 ± 2^b	21 ± 1^a	17 ± 1^a	30 ± 2^b	25 ± 2^a	–	–
S. balticum	32 ± 1	26 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^a	14 ± 1^a	14 ± 1^a	20 ± 1^b	18 ± 2^b	15 ± 1^a	–
S. magellanicum	19 ± 1	21 ± 1^b	18 ± 1^b	13 ± 1^a	13 ± 1^a	17 ± 1	–	15 ± 1	17 ± 1
S. cuspidatum	19 ± 1	23 ± 1	22 ± 2	19 ± 1	19 ± 1	23 ± 1^b	–	–	19 ± 1^a
Bulk density stems (mg cm⁻³)
S. fuscum	18 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^b	15 ± 2^ab	11 ± 2^a	17 ± 1^b	14 ± 1^a	–	–
S. balticum	15 ± 1^b	11 ± 1^a	8 ± 1^a	9 ± 1^a	13 ± 1^b	9 ± 1^a	11 ± 1^ab	–
S. magellanicum	11 ± 1^c	9 ± 0^bc	8 ± 1^ab	7 ± 0^a	9 ± 1	–	9 ± 1	8 ± 0
S. cuspidatum	10 ± 1	10 ± 1	7 ± 1	7 ± 1	8 ± 1	–	–	9 ± 1
Bulk density total sample (mg cm⁻³)
S. fuscum	22 ± 1^c	21 ± 1^bc	17 ± 1^ab	13 ± 1^a	20 ± 1^b	16 ± 1^a	–	–
S. balticum	17 ± 1^b	12 ± 1^a	10 ± 1^a	10 ± 1^a	14 ± 1^b	11 ± 1^a	12 ± 1^ab	–
S. magellanicum	13 ± 1^c	11 ± 0^b	9 ± 1^a	8 ± 0^a	11 ± 1	–	10 ± 1	10 ± 0
S. cuspidatum	12 ± 1^c	12 ± 0^bc	10 ± 1^ab	9 ± 0^a	11 ± 1	–	–	11 ± 0

Values for material from the sites of origin (Field values, n = 5) are given for comparison. Number of observations for each species for each temperature treatment: S. fuscum and S. cuspidatum, n = 10; S. balticum, n = 14–15; S. magellanicum, n = 15. Number of observations for each species for each combination, n = 19–20