Skip to main content
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1996 Sep;16(9):4790–4797. doi: 10.1128/mcb.16.9.4790

Two zinc-finger-containing repressors are responsible for glucose repression of SUC2 expression.

L L Lutfiyya 1, M Johnston 1
PMCID: PMC231480  PMID: 8756637

Abstract

Expression of the SUC2 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which encodes invertase, is repressed about 200-fold by high levels of glucose. Mig1p is a Cys2His2 zinc-finger-containing protein required for glucose repression of SUC2 and several other genes. However, SUC2 expression is still about 13-fold repressed by glucose in a mig1 mutant. We have identified a second repressor, Mig2p, containing zinc fingers very similar to those of Mig1p that is responsible for this remaining glucose repression of SUC2 expression. Overexpression of MIG2 represses SUC2 under nonrepressing conditions, and a LexA-Mig2p fusion represses transcription of a lexO-containing promoter in a glucose-dependent manner, supporting the idea that Mig2p is a glucose-activated repressor. We have shown that Mig2p binds to the Miglp-binding sites in the SUC2 promoter. Even though Mig1p and Mig2p bind to similar sites and share almost identical zinc fingers, they differ in their relative affinities for various Mig1p-binding sites. This could explain our observation that MIG2 appears to have little role in glucose repression of other promoters with MIG1-binding sites.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (939.3 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baudin A., Ozier-Kalogeropoulos O., Denouel A., Lacroute F., Cullin C. A simple and efficient method for direct gene deletion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Jul 11;21(14):3329–3330. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.14.3329. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Berg J. M., Shi Y. The galvanization of biology: a growing appreciation for the roles of zinc. Science. 1996 Feb 23;271(5252):1081–1085. doi: 10.1126/science.271.5252.1081. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Celenza J. L., Carlson M. A yeast gene that is essential for release from glucose repression encodes a protein kinase. Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1175–1180. doi: 10.1126/science.3526554. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Celenza J. L., Carlson M. Cloning and genetic mapping of SNF1, a gene required for expression of glucose-repressible genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jan;4(1):49–53. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.1.49. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dear S., Staden R. A sequence assembly and editing program for efficient management of large projects. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Jul 25;19(14):3907–3911. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.14.3907. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dohrmann P. R., Voth W. P., Stillman D. J. Role of negative regulation in promoter specificity of the homologous transcriptional activators Ace2p and Swi5p. Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Apr;16(4):1746–1758. doi: 10.1128/mcb.16.4.1746. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Erhart E., Hollenberg C. P. The presence of a defective LEU2 gene on 2 mu DNA recombinant plasmids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for curing and high copy number. J Bacteriol. 1983 Nov;156(2):625–635. doi: 10.1128/jb.156.2.625-635.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fields S., Song O. A novel genetic system to detect protein-protein interactions. Nature. 1989 Jul 20;340(6230):245–246. doi: 10.1038/340245a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Flick J. S., Johnston M. Analysis of URSG-mediated glucose repression of the GAL1 promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1992 Feb;130(2):295–304. doi: 10.1093/genetics/130.2.295. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Goldstein A., Lampen J. O. Beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase from yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1975;42:504–511. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(75)42159-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Griggs D. W., Johnston M. Regulated expression of the GAL4 activator gene in yeast provides a sensitive genetic switch for glucose repression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8597–8601. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.19.8597. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Guarente L., Hoar E. Upstream activation sites of the CYC1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are active when inverted but not when placed downstream of the "TATA box". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(24):7860–7864. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.24.7860. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Halloran N., Du Z., Wilson R. K. Sequencing reactions for the applied biosystems 373A Automated DNA Sequencer. Methods Mol Biol. 1993;23:297–315. doi: 10.1385/0-89603-248-5:297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hanes S. D., Brent R. DNA specificity of the bicoid activator protein is determined by homeodomain recognition helix residue 9. Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1275–1283. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90063-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Keleher C. A., Redd M. J., Schultz J., Carlson M., Johnson A. D. Ssn6-Tup1 is a general repressor of transcription in yeast. Cell. 1992 Feb 21;68(4):709–719. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90146-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lundin M., Nehlin J. O., Ronne H. Importance of a flanking AT-rich region in target site recognition by the GC box-binding zinc finger protein MIG1. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Mar;14(3):1979–1985. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.3.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mercado J. J., Gancedo J. M. Regulatory regions in the yeast FBP1 and PCK1 genes. FEBS Lett. 1992 Oct 19;311(2):110–114. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)81379-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mercado J. J., Vincent O., Gancedo J. M. Regions in the promoter of the yeast FBP1 gene implicated in catabolite repression may bind the product of the regulatory gene MIG1. FEBS Lett. 1991 Oct 7;291(1):97–100. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)81112-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Nehlin J. O., Carlberg M., Ronne H. Control of yeast GAL genes by MIG1 repressor: a transcriptional cascade in the glucose response. EMBO J. 1991 Nov;10(11):3373–3377. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04901.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nehlin J. O., Ronne H. Yeast MIG1 repressor is related to the mammalian early growth response and Wilms' tumour finger proteins. EMBO J. 1990 Sep;9(9):2891–2898. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07479.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ostling J., Carlberg M., Ronne H. Functional domains in the Mig1 repressor. Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Mar;16(3):753–761. doi: 10.1128/mcb.16.3.753. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Ozcan S., Johnston M. Three different regulatory mechanisms enable yeast hexose transporter (HXT) genes to be induced by different levels of glucose. Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Mar;15(3):1564–1572. doi: 10.1128/mcb.15.3.1564. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Pavletich N. P., Pabo C. O. Zinc finger-DNA recognition: crystal structure of a Zif268-DNA complex at 2.1 A. Science. 1991 May 10;252(5007):809–817. doi: 10.1126/science.2028256. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Ronne H. Glucose repression in fungi. Trends Genet. 1995 Jan;11(1):12–17. doi: 10.1016/s0168-9525(00)88980-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Sarokin L., Carlson M. Upstream region required for regulated expression of the glucose-repressible SUC2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;4(12):2750–2757. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.12.2750. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Schiestl R. H., Gietz R. D. High efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells using single stranded nucleic acids as a carrier. Curr Genet. 1989 Dec;16(5-6):339–346. doi: 10.1007/BF00340712. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Shah H. C., Carlson G. P. Alteration by phenobarbital and 3-methyl-cholanthrene of functional and structural changes in rat liver due to carbon tetrachloride inhalation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 Apr;193(1):281–292. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Treitel M. A., Carlson M. Repression by SSN6-TUP1 is directed by MIG1, a repressor/activator protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 11;92(8):3132–3136. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.8.3132. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Trumbly R. J. Glucose repression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Microbiol. 1992 Jan;6(1):15–21. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb00832.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Vallier L. G., Carlson M. Synergistic release from glucose repression by mig1 and ssn mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1994 May;137(1):49–54. doi: 10.1093/genetics/137.1.49. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. West R. W., Jr, Yocum R. R., Ptashne M. Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL1-GAL10 divergent promoter region: location and function of the upstream activating sequence UASG. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Nov;4(11):2467–2478. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.11.2467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Yocum R. R., Hanley S., West R., Jr, Ptashne M. Use of lacZ fusions to delimit regulatory elements of the inducible divergent GAL1-GAL10 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Oct;4(10):1985–1998. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.10.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES