Abstract
The Ste12p transcription factor controls the expression of Ty1 transposable element insertion mutations and genes whose products are required for mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The binding site for Ste12p is a consensus DNA sequence known as a pheromone response element (PRE). Upstream activating sequences (UASs) derived from known Ste12p-dependent genes have previously been characterized to require either multiple PREs or a single PRE coupled to a binding site for a second protein. The Ste12p-dependent UAS from Ty1, called a sterile response element (SRE), is of the second type and is comprised of a PRE and an adjacent TEA (TEF-1, Tec1, and AbaA motif) DNA consensus sequence (TCS). In this report, we show by UV cross-linking analysis that two proteins, Ste12p and a protein with an apparent size of 72 kDa, directly contact the Ty1 SRE. Other experiments show that Tec1p is required for formation of the Ty1 SRE protein-DNA complex and is physically present in the complex. These results establish a direct role for Tec1p in the Ty1 SRE and yet another set of combinatorial interactions that achieve a qualitatively distinct mode of transcriptional regulation with Ste12p.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.4 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bürglin T. R. The TEA domain: a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif. Cell. 1991 Jul 12;66(1):11–12. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90132-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chodosh L. A., Carthew R. W., Sharp P. A. A single polypeptide possesses the binding and transcription activities of the adenovirus major late transcription factor. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4723–4733. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.12.4723. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Company M., Adler C., Errede B. Identification of a Ty1 regulatory sequence responsive to STE7 and STE12. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;8(6):2545–2554. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.6.2545. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cross F., Hartwell L. H., Jackson C., Konopka J. B. Conjugation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1988;4:429–457. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cb.04.110188.002241. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doi K., Gartner A., Ammerer G., Errede B., Shinkawa H., Sugimoto K., Matsumoto K. MSG5, a novel protein phosphatase promotes adaptation to pheromone response in S. cerevisiae. EMBO J. 1994 Jan 1;13(1):61–70. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06235.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dolan J. W., Kirkman C., Fields S. The yeast STE12 protein binds to the DNA sequence mediating pheromone induction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5703–5707. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.15.5703. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dretzen G., Bellard M., Sassone-Corsi P., Chambon P. A reliable method for the recovery of DNA fragments from agarose and acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):295–298. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90296-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Errede B., Ammerer G. STE12, a protein involved in cell-type-specific transcription and signal transduction in yeast, is part of protein-DNA complexes. Genes Dev. 1989 Sep;3(9):1349–1361. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.9.1349. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Errede B., Cardillo T. S., Sherman F., Dubois E., Deschamps J., Wiame J. M. Mating signals control expression of mutations resulting from insertion of a transposable repetitive element adjacent to diverse yeast genes. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(2 Pt 2):427–436. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90353-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fields S., Chaleff D. T., Sprague G. F., Jr Yeast STE7, STE11, and STE12 genes are required for expression of cell-type-specific genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;8(2):551–556. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.2.551. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gimeno C. J., Ljungdahl P. O., Styles C. A., Fink G. R. Unipolar cell divisions in the yeast S. cerevisiae lead to filamentous growth: regulation by starvation and RAS. Cell. 1992 Mar 20;68(6):1077–1090. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90079-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hagen D. C., McCaffrey G., Sprague G. F., Jr Pheromone response elements are necessary and sufficient for basal and pheromone-induced transcription of the FUS1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jun;11(6):2952–2961. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.6.2952. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hartig A., Holly J., Saari G., MacKay V. L. Multiple regulation of STE2, a mating-type-specific gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):2106–2114. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.2106. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hwang-Shum J. J., Hagen D. C., Jarvis E. E., Westby C. A., Sprague G. F., Jr Relative contributions of MCM1 and STE12 to transcriptional activation of a- and alpha-specific genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet. 1991 Jun;227(2):197–204. doi: 10.1007/BF00259671. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ito H., Fukuda Y., Murata K., Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.163-168.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jarvis E. E., Clark K. L., Sprague G. F., Jr The yeast transcription activator PRTF, a homolog of the mammalian serum response factor, is encoded by the MCM1 gene. Genes Dev. 1989 Jul;3(7):936–945. doi: 10.1101/gad.3.7.936. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jarvis E. E., Hagen D. C., Sprague G. F., Jr Identification of a DNA segment that is necessary and sufficient for alpha-specific gene control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: implications for regulation of alpha-specific and a-specific genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Jan;8(1):309–320. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.1.309. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kronstad J. W., Holly J. A., MacKay V. L. A yeast operator overlaps an upstream activation site. Cell. 1987 Jul 31;50(3):369–377. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90491-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kurihara L. J., Stewart B. G., Gammie A. E., Rose M. D. Kar4p, a karyogamy-specific component of the yeast pheromone response pathway. Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Aug;16(8):3990–4002. doi: 10.1128/mcb.16.8.3990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laloux I., Dubois E., Dewerchin M., Jacobs E. TEC1, a gene involved in the activation of Ty1 and Ty1-mediated gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: cloning and molecular analysis. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3541–3550. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.7.3541. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laloux I., Jacobs E., Dubois E. Involvement of SRE element of Ty1 transposon in TEC1-dependent transcriptional activation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Mar 25;22(6):999–1005. doi: 10.1093/nar/22.6.999. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Liu H., Styles C. A., Fink G. R. Elements of the yeast pheromone response pathway required for filamentous growth of diploids. Science. 1993 Dec 10;262(5140):1741–1744. doi: 10.1126/science.8259520. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Madhani H. D., Fink G. R. Combinatorial control required for the specificity of yeast MAPK signaling. Science. 1997 Feb 28;275(5304):1314–1317. doi: 10.1126/science.275.5304.1314. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mösch H. U., Roberts R. L., Fink G. R. Ras2 signals via the Cdc42/Ste20/mitogen-activated protein kinase module to induce filamentous growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5352–5356. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.11.5352. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nakayama N., Miyajima A., Arai K. Nucleotide sequences of STE2 and STE3, cell type-specific sterile genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EMBO J. 1985 Oct;4(10):2643–2648. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03982.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parks G. D., Duke G. M., Palmenberg A. C. Encephalomyocarditis virus 3C protease: efficient cell-free expression from clones which link viral 5' noncoding sequences to the P3 region. J Virol. 1986 Nov;60(2):376–384. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.2.376-384.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Primig M., Winkler H., Ammerer G. The DNA binding and oligomerization domain of MCM1 is sufficient for its interaction with other regulatory proteins. EMBO J. 1991 Dec;10(13):4209–4218. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04999.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rhodes N., Company M., Errede B. A yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vector containing the M13 origin of replication. Plasmid. 1990 Mar;23(2):159–162. doi: 10.1016/0147-619x(90)90036-c. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rhodes N., Connell L., Errede B. STE11 is a protein kinase required for cell-type-specific transcription and signal transduction in yeast. Genes Dev. 1990 Nov;4(11):1862–1874. doi: 10.1101/gad.4.11.1862. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roberts R. L., Fink G. R. Elements of a single MAP kinase cascade in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediate two developmental programs in the same cell type: mating and invasive growth. Genes Dev. 1994 Dec 15;8(24):2974–2985. doi: 10.1101/gad.8.24.2974. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rothstein R. J. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:202–211. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Van Arsdell S. W., Stetler G. L., Thorner J. The yeast repeated element sigma contains a hormone-inducible promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Feb;7(2):749–759. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.2.749. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vieira J., Messing J. Production of single-stranded plasmid DNA. Methods Enzymol. 1987;153:3–11. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(87)53044-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yuan Y. L., Fields S. Properties of the DNA-binding domain of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae STE12 protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Dec;11(12):5910–5918. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.12.5910. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zhou Z., Gartner A., Cade R., Ammerer G., Errede B. Pheromone-induced signal transduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the sequential function of three protein kinases. Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Apr;13(4):2069–2080. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.4.2069. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]