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. 2000 Jan 18;82(2):472–479. doi: 10.1054/bjoc.1999.0945

CD3 directed bispecific antibodies induce increased lymphocyte–endothelial cell interactions in vitro

G Molema 1,2, J W Cohen Tervaert 3, B J Kroesen 1, W Helfrich 1, D K F Meijer 2, L F M H de Leij 1
PMCID: PMC2363284  PMID: 10646907

Abstract

Bispecific antibody (BsMAb) BIS-1 has been developed to redirect the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to epithelial glycoprotein-2 (EGP-2) expressing tumour cells. Intravenous administration of BIS-1 F(ab′)2to carcinoma patients in a phase I/II clinical trial, caused immunomodulation as demonstrated by a rapid lymphopenia prior to a rise in plasma tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ levels. Yet, no lymphocyte accumulation in the tumour tissue and no anti-tumour effect could be observed. These data suggest a BsMAb-induced lymphocyte adhesion to blood vessel walls and/or generalized redistribution of the lymphocytes into tissues. In this study, we describe the effects of BIS-1 F(ab′)2binding to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) on their capacity to interact with resting endothelial cells in vitro. Resting and pre-activated PBMC exhibited a significant increase in adhesive interaction with endothelial cells when preincubated with BIS-1 F(ab′)2, followed by an increase in transendothelial migration (tem). Binding of BIS-1 F(ab′)2to PBMC affected the expression of a number of adhesion molecules involved in lymphocyte adhesion/migration. Furthermore, PBMC preincubated with BIS-1 F(ab′)2induced the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 during adhesion/tem. These phenomena were related to the CD3 recognizing antibody fragment of the BsMAb and dependent on lymphocyte–endothelial cell contact. Possibly, in patients, the BIS-1 F(ab′)2infusion induced lymphopenia is a result of generalized activation of endothelial cells, leading to the formation of a temporary sink for lymphocytes. This process may distract the lymphocytes from homing to the tumour cells, and hence prevent the occurrence of BIS-1 F(ab′)2– CTL-mediated tumour cell lysis. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign

Keywords: immunotherapy, CD3 directed bispecific antibody, PBMC, adhesion, transendothelial migration, in vitro

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Selected References

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