Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Mediators of Inflammation logoLink to Mediators of Inflammation
. 1994;3(4):281–285. doi: 10.1155/S0962935194000384

Effect of Platelet-activating Factor on in vitro and in vivo Interleukin-6 Production

B Pignol 1, T Maisonnet 1, P Guinot 1, J M Mencia-Huertac 1,✉, P Braquet 1
PMCID: PMC2367046  PMID: 18472953

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF), by comparison with interleukin-1β and polyriboinositic/polyribocytidylic (poly I–C) acid, on IL-6 production by L 929 mouse fibroblasts. At concentrations above 1 μM PAF, the production of IL-6 by mouse fibroblasts was enhanced in a dose dependent fashion. At 5 μM PAF, the peak increase (60.1 ± 19.4 U/ml) was similar to that induced by 50 μg/ml poly I–C (60.0 ± 35.0 U/ml) and higher than the one evoked by 100 U/ml IL-1β (3.8 ± 1.8 U/ml). The increase of 11-6 activity induced by 5 μM PAF was maximal after a 22 h incubation period with L 929 cells. Lyso-PAF (5 μM) also increased IL-6 activity from fibroblasts to a similar extent compared with 5 μM PAF. In addition, the IL-6 activity induced by 5 μM PAF was still observed when the specific PAF antagonist, BN 52021 (10 μM), was added to the incubation medium of L 929 cells. The result suggests that the production of IL-6 by L 929 cells evoked by PAF in vitro is not receptor mediated. The in vivo effect of PAF on IL-6 production was also investigated in the rat. Two hours after intravenous injection of PAF (2 to 4 μg/kg), a dramatic increase of IL-6 activity in rat serum was observed, this effect being dose dependent. The increase of IL-6 induced by 3 μg/kg PAF was not observed when the animals were treated with the PAF antagonist, BN 52021 (1 to 60 mg/kg0. These results demonstrate that PAF modulates IL-6 production and that the in vivo effect is receptor mediated.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (544.2 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aarden L. A., De Groot E. R., Schaap O. L., Lansdorp P. M. Production of hybridoma growth factor by human monocytes. Eur J Immunol. 1987 Oct;17(10):1411–1416. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830171004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Garman R. D., Jacobs K. A., Clark S. C., Raulet D. H. B-cell-stimulatory factor 2 (beta 2 interferon) functions as a second signal for interleukin 2 production by mature murine T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7629–7633. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.21.7629. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Gauldie J., Richards C., Harnish D., Lansdorp P., Baumann H. Interferon beta 2/B-cell stimulatory factor type 2 shares identity with monocyte-derived hepatocyte-stimulating factor and regulates the major acute phase protein response in liver cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7251–7255. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.20.7251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Gery I., Waksman B. H. Potentiation of the T-lymphocyte response to mitogens. II. The cellular source of potentiating mediator(s). J Exp Med. 1972 Jul 1;136(1):143–155. doi: 10.1084/jem.136.1.143. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hirano T., Yasukawa K., Harada H., Taga T., Watanabe Y., Matsuda T., Kashiwamura S., Nakajima K., Koyama K., Iwamatsu A. Complementary DNA for a novel human interleukin (BSF-2) that induces B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin. Nature. 1986 Nov 6;324(6092):73–76. doi: 10.1038/324073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ikebuchi K., Wong G. G., Clark S. C., Ihle J. N., Hirai Y., Ogawa M. Interleukin 6 enhancement of interleukin 3-dependent proliferation of multipotential hemopoietic progenitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9035–9039. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.9035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kishimoto T. B-cell stimulatory factors (BSFs): molecular structure, biological function, and regulation of expression. J Clin Immunol. 1987 Sep;7(5):343–355. doi: 10.1007/BF00917012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kohase M., Henriksen-DeStefano D., May L. T., Vilcek J., Sehgal P. B. Induction of beta 2-interferon by tumor necrosis factor: a homeostatic mechanism in the control of cell proliferation. Cell. 1986 Jun 6;45(5):659–666. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90780-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kohase M., May L. T., Tamm I., Vilcek J., Sehgal P. B. A cytokine network in human diploid fibroblasts: interactions of beta-interferons, tumor necrosis factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and interleukin-1. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):273–280. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lotz M., Jirik F., Kabouridis P., Tsoukas C., Hirano T., Kishimoto T., Carson D. A. B cell stimulating factor 2/interleukin 6 is a costimulant for human thymocytes and T lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1988 Mar 1;167(3):1253–1258. doi: 10.1084/jem.167.3.1253. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nijsten M. W., de Groot E. R., ten Duis H. J., Klasen H. J., Hack C. E., Aarden L. A. Serum levels of interleukin-6 and acute phase responses. Lancet. 1987 Oct 17;2(8564):921–921. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91413-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pignol B., Hénane S., Sorlin B., Rola-Pleszczynski M., Mencia-Huerta J. M., Braquet P. Effect of long-term treatment with platelet-activating factor on IL-1 and IL-2 production by rat spleen cells. J Immunol. 1990 Aug 1;145(3):980–984. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Poupart P., Vandenabeele P., Cayphas S., Van Snick J., Haegeman G., Kruys V., Fiers W., Content J. B cell growth modulating and differentiating activity of recombinant human 26-kd protein (BSF-2, HuIFN-beta 2, HPGF). EMBO J. 1987 May;6(5):1219–1224. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02357.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Van Damme J., Cayphas S., Van Snick J., Conings R., Put W., Lenaerts J. P., Simpson R. J., Billiau A. Purification and characterization of human fibroblast-derived hybridoma growth factor identical to T-cell-derived B-cell stimulatory factor-2 (interleukin-6). Eur J Biochem. 1987 Nov 2;168(3):543–550. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13452.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Van Damme J., Opdenakker G., Simpson R. J., Rubira M. R., Cayphas S., Vink A., Billiau A., Van Snick J. Identification of the human 26-kD protein, interferon beta 2 (IFN-beta 2), as a B cell hybridoma/plasmacytoma growth factor induced by interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor. J Exp Med. 1987 Mar 1;165(3):914–919. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.3.914. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Van Damme J., Van Beeumen J., Decock B., Van Snick J., De Ley M., Billiau A. Separation and comparison of two monokines with lymphocyte-activating factor activity: IL-1 beta and hybridoma growth factor (HGF). Identification of leukocyte-derived HGF as IL-6. J Immunol. 1988 Mar 1;140(5):1534–1541. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Van Snick J., Cayphas S., Vink A., Uyttenhove C., Coulie P. G., Rubira M. R., Simpson R. J. Purification and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of a T-cell-derived lymphokine with growth factor activity for B-cell hybridomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9679–9683. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.24.9679. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Mediators of Inflammation are provided here courtesy of Wiley

RESOURCES