Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1993 Jul;67(7):4427–4431. doi: 10.1128/jvi.67.7.4427-4431.1993

Differential contribution of herpes simplex virus type 1 gene products and cellular factors to the activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 provirus.

J Vlach 1, P M Pitha 1
PMCID: PMC237819  PMID: 8389940

Abstract

We have previously reported that infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activates expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) provirus in T cells. Activation of the HIV-1 provirus correlated with the activation of binding of 55- and 85-kDa proteins to the kappa B enhancer and binding of the 50-kDa HLP-1 protein to the LBP-1 sequences of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat. Further examination of this system has shown that the inhibition of HSV-1 replication by the antiviral drug acyclovir does not inhibit HSV-1-mediated induction of HIV-1 provirus. Surprisingly, the NF-kappa B and HLP-1 binding activities were substantially inhibited in acyclovir-treated cells. In the transient-transfection assay, ICP0, but not ICP4, activated the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter region and the effect of ICP0 was greatly enhanced in the presence of the NF-kappa B binding proteins, suggesting that induction of the HIV-1 provirus involves cooperation between the HSV-1-activated cellular factor, NF-kappa B, and the virus-encoded transactivator, ICP0.

Full text

PDF
4427

Images in this article

4428Image
on p.4428
4428Image
on p.4428
4429Image
on p.4429
4429Image
on p.4429

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ace C. I., McKee T. A., Ryan J. M., Cameron J. M., Preston C. M. Construction and characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant unable to transinduce immediate-early gene expression. J Virol. 1989 May;63(5):2260–2269. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.5.2260-2269.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Albrecht M. A., DeLuca N. A., Byrn R. A., Schaffer P. A., Hammer S. M. The herpes simplex virus immediate-early protein, ICP4, is required to potentiate replication of human immunodeficiency virus in CD4+ lymphocytes. J Virol. 1989 May;63(5):1861–1868. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.5.1861-1868.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156–159. doi: 10.1006/abio.1987.9999. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Clouse K. A., Powell D., Washington I., Poli G., Strebel K., Farrar W., Barstad P., Kovacs J., Fauci A. S., Folks T. M. Monokine regulation of human immunodeficiency virus-1 expression in a chronically infected human T cell clone. J Immunol. 1989 Jan 15;142(2):431–438. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cullen B. R., Greene W. C. Regulatory pathways governing HIV-1 replication. Cell. 1989 Aug 11;58(3):423–426. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90420-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Faber S. W., Wilcox K. W. Association of the herpes simplex virus regulatory protein ICP4 with specific nucleotide sequences in DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Aug 11;14(15):6067–6083. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.15.6067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ghosh S., Baltimore D. Activation in vitro of NF-kappa B by phosphorylation of its inhibitor I kappa B. Nature. 1990 Apr 12;344(6267):678–682. doi: 10.1038/344678a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Margolis D. M., Ostrove J. M., Straus S. E. HSV-1 activation of HIV-1 transcription is augmented by a cellular protein that binds near the initiator element. Virology. 1993 Jan;192(1):370–374. doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1046. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Margolis D. M., Rabson A. B., Straus S. E., Ostrove J. M. Transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR by HSV-1 immediate-early genes. Virology. 1992 Feb;186(2):788–791. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)90048-t. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Mosca J. D., Bednarik D. P., Raj N. B., Rosen C. A., Sodroski J. G., Haseltine W. A., Hayward G. S., Pitha P. M. Activation of human immunodeficiency virus by herpesvirus infection: identification of a region within the long terminal repeat that responds to a trans-acting factor encoded by herpes simplex virus 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7408–7412. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.21.7408. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mosca J. D., Bednarik D. P., Raj N. B., Rosen C. A., Sodroski J. G., Haseltine W. A., Pitha P. M. Herpes simplex virus type-1 can reactivate transcription of latent human immunodeficiency virus. Nature. 1987 Jan 1;325(6099):67–70. doi: 10.1038/325067a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Nabel G. J., Rice S. A., Knipe D. M., Baltimore D. Alternative mechanisms for activation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer in T cells. Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1299–1302. doi: 10.1126/science.2830675. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ostrove J. M., Leonard J., Weck K. E., Rabson A. B., Gendelman H. E. Activation of the human immunodeficiency virus by herpes simplex virus type 1. J Virol. 1987 Dec;61(12):3726–3732. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.12.3726-3732.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pavlakis G. N., Felber B. K. Regulation of expression of human immunodeficiency virus. New Biol. 1990 Jan;2(1):20–31. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Purves F. C., Longnecker R. M., Leader D. P., Roizman B. Herpes simplex virus 1 protein kinase is encoded by open reading frame US3 which is not essential for virus growth in cell culture. J Virol. 1987 Sep;61(9):2896–2901. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.9.2896-2901.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Roberts M. S., Boundy A., O'Hare P., Pizzorno M. C., Ciufo D. M., Hayward G. S. Direct correlation between a negative autoregulatory response element at the cap site of the herpes simplex virus type 1 IE175 (alpha 4) promoter and a specific binding site for the IE175 (ICP4) protein. J Virol. 1988 Nov;62(11):4307–4320. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.11.4307-4320.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Vlach J., Pitha P. M. Activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 provirus in T-cells and macrophages is associated with induction of inducer-specific NF-kappa B binding proteins. Virology. 1992 Mar;187(1):63–72. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)90295-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Vlach J., Pitha P. M. Herpes simplex virus type 1-mediated induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 provirus correlates with binding of nuclear proteins to the NF-kappa B enhancer and leader sequence. J Virol. 1992 Jun;66(6):3616–3623. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.6.3616-3623.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Weber P. C., Kenny J. J., Wigdahl B. Antiviral properties of a dominant negative mutant of the herpes simplex virus type 1 regulatory protein ICP0. J Gen Virol. 1992 Nov;73(Pt 11):2955–2961. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-73-11-2955. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES