Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1985 Jul;50(1):115–119. doi: 10.1128/aem.50.1.115-119.1985

Modification of in vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin by esterase inhibitors.

R D Wei, F S Chu
PMCID: PMC238581  PMID: 4026286

Abstract

In vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin with S-9 fraction obtained from livers of phenobarbital-treated pigs and rats in the presence of different esterase inhibitors, including NaF, p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, eserine sulfate, diisopropylfluorophosphate, and diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate, was studied. The metabolism was completely shifted to the hydroxylation at the C-3' position in the T-2 toxin molecule when esterase inhibitors were present. Diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate was found to be the most potent among six esterase inhibitors tested. In the presence of 10(-4) M diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate, 3'-hydroxy-T-2 toxin was the only metabolite detected. Similar results were obtained when other T-2-related metabolites were tested. The yield of conversion of T-2 toxin, acetyl T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin and T-2 triol to their respective 3'-hydroxyl derivatives were 82, 73, 72, and 75%, respectively.

Full text

PDF
115

Images in this article

117Image
on p.117

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bamburg J. R., Riggs N. V., Strong F. M. The structures of toxins from two strains of Fusarium tricinctum. Tetrahedron. 1968 Apr;24(8):3329–3336. doi: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)92631-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bartels E., Nachmansohn D. Organophosphate inhibitors of acetylcholine-receptor and -esterase tested on the electroplax. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1969 Aug;133(1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(69)90481-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chu F. S., Liang M. Y., Zhang G. S. Production and characterization of antibody against diacetoxyscirpenol. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1984 Oct;48(4):777–780. doi: 10.1128/aem.48.4.777-780.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Ellison R. A., Kotsonis F. N. In vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin. Appl Microbiol. 1974 Feb;27(2):423–424. doi: 10.1128/am.27.2.423-424.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Matsumoto H., Ito T., Ueno Y. Toxicological approaches to the metabolities of fusaria. XII. Fate and distribution of T-2 toxin in mice. Jpn J Exp Med. 1978 Oct;48(5):393–399. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ohta M., Ishii K., Ueno Y. Metabolism of trichothecene mycotoxins. I. Microsomal deacetylation of T-2 toxin in animal tissues. J Biochem. 1977 Dec;82(6):1591–1598. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131854. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Ueno Y., Nakayama K., Ishii K., Tashiro F., Minoda Y., Omori T., Komagata K. Metabolism of T-2 toxin in Curtobacterium sp. strain 114-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Jul;46(1):120–127. doi: 10.1128/aem.46.1.120-127.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Wallace E. M., Pathre S. V., Mirocha C. J., Robison T. S., Fenton S. W. Synthesis of radiolabeled T-2 toxin. J Agric Food Chem. 1977 Jul-Aug;25(4):836–838. doi: 10.1021/jf60212a058. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Wei R., Strong F. M., Smalley E. B., Schnoes H. K. Chemical interconversion of T-2 and HT-2 toxins and related compounds. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971 Oct 15;45(2):396–401. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90832-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Yoshizawa T., Mirocha C. J., Behrens J. C., Swanson S. P. Metabolic fate of T-2 toxin in a lactating cow. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1981 Feb;19(1):31–39. doi: 10.1016/0015-6264(81)90300-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Yoshizawa T., Sakamoto T., Okamoto K. In vitro formation of 3'-hydroxy T-2 and 3'-hydroxy HT-2 toxins from T-2 toxin by liver homogenates from mice and monkeys. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1984 Jan;47(1):130–134. doi: 10.1128/aem.47.1.130-134.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Yoshizawa T., Swanson S. P., Mirocha C. J. T-2 metabolites in the excreta of broiler chickens administered 3H-labeled T-2 toxin. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1980 Jun;39(6):1172–1177. doi: 10.1128/aem.39.6.1172-1177.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES