Skip to main content
PMC home page
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1986 Oct;52(4):875–879. doi: 10.1128/aem.52.4.875-879.1986

Comparative study of expression of hemagglutinins, hemolysins, and enterotoxins by clinical and environmental isolates of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae in relation to their enteropathogenicity.

K Datta-Roy, K Banerjee, S P De, A C Ghose
PMCID: PMC239130  PMID: 3777932

Abstract

A comparative study was undertaken of clinical and environmental isolates of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae with respect to their hemagglutinating, hemolytic, enterotoxigenic, and enteropathogenic activities. Cell-associated hemagglutinin titers of the clinical and environmental isolates did not differ much, although the clinical isolates displayed higher cell-free hemagglutinin titers compared with those of environmental isolates. Culture supernatants of 61.5% (24 of 39) of clinical isolates showed hemolytic activity (greater than or equal to 10% lysis of rabbit erythrocytes), while only 33.3% (10 to 30) of the environmental group had such activity. Furthermore, hemolytic activities of the clinical isolates showed a good correlation with their cell-associated hemagglutinin titers which was not true for the environmental group. Culture supernatants of 45.8% (11 of 25) of the clinical and 20% (2 of 10) of the environmental isolates exhibited enterotoxigenic activity in the rabbit ileal loop assay. Such activity was mediated mainly by cholera toxin-like substances, although some of the isolates produced fluid-accumulating factors unrelated to cholera toxin. Experimental animal studies demonstrated that the enteropathogenic potential of the environmental isolates was significantly lower than that of the clinical group. Further analysis of our data showed that phenotypic expression of cholera toxin-like products by the non-O1 V. cholerae isolates was accompanied by their enteropathogenicity. The latter effect was also noted with some of the cholera toxin-negative isolates, particularly in those having high hemagglutinating and hemolytic titers.

Full text

PDF
875

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aldová E., Láznicková K., Stepánková E., Lietava J. Isolation of nonagglutinable vibrios from an enteritis outbreak in Czechoslovakia. J Infect Dis. 1968 Feb;118(1):25–31. doi: 10.1093/infdis/118.1.25. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blake P. A., Weaver R. E., Hollis D. G. Diseases of humans (other than cholera) caused by vibrios. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1980;34:341–367. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.34.100180.002013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DE S. N., CHATTERJE D. N. An experimental study of the mechanism of action of Vibriod cholerae on the intestinal mucous membrane. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1953 Oct;66(2):559–562. doi: 10.1002/path.1700660228. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dakin W. P., Howell D. J., Sutton R. G., O'Keefe M. F., Thomas P. Gastroenteritis due to non-agglutinable (non-cholera) vibrios. Med J Aust. 1974 Sep 28;2(13):487–490. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1974.tb70935.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gyobu Y., Kodama H., Uetake H., Katsuda S. Studies on the enteropathogenic mechanism of non-O 1 Vibrio cholerae isolated from the environment and fish in Toyama Prefecture. Microbiol Immunol. 1984;28(7):735–745. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1984.tb00729.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hanne L. F., Finkelstein R. A. Characterization and distribution of the hemagglutinins produced by Vibrio cholerae. Infect Immun. 1982 Apr;36(1):209–214. doi: 10.1128/iai.36.1.209-214.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hostacká A., Ciznár I., Korych B., Karolcek J. Biological activities of enterotoxin from Vibrio cholerae non-01. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1983;27(2):189–195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hughes J. M., Hollis D. G., Gangarosa E. J., Weaver R. E. Non-cholera vibrio infections in the United States. Clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory features. Ann Intern Med. 1978 May;88(5):602–606. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-88-5-602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lahiri A., Agarwal R. K., Sanyal S. C. Biological similarity of enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae serotypes other than type 1 to cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. J Med Microbiol. 1982 Nov;15(4):429–440. doi: 10.1099/00222615-15-4-429. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Madden J. M., McCardell B. A., Shah D. B. Cytotoxin production by members of genus Vibrio. Lancet. 1984 Nov 24;2(8413):1217–1218. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92777-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Madden J. M., Nematollahi W. P., Hill W. E., McCardell B. A., Twedt R. M. Virulence of three clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae non-O-1 serogroup in experimental enteric infections in rabbits. Infect Immun. 1981 Aug;33(2):616–619. doi: 10.1128/iai.33.2.616-619.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. McIntyre O. R., Feeley J. C. Characteristics of non-cholera Vibrios isolated from cases of human diarrhoea. Bull World Health Organ. 1965;32(5):627–632. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Nishibuchi M., Seidler R. J., Rollins D. M., Joseph S. W. Vibrio factors cause rapid fluid accumulation in suckling mice. Infect Immun. 1983 Jun;40(3):1083–1091. doi: 10.1128/iai.40.3.1083-1091.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. O'Brien A. D., Chen M. E., Holmes R. K., Kaper J., Levine M. M. Environmental and human isolates of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus produce a Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga)-like cytotoxin. Lancet. 1984 Jan 14;1(8368):77–78. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)90006-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Oashi M., Shimada T., Fukumi H. In vitro production of enterotoxin and hemorrhagic principle by Vibrio cholerae, NAG. Jpn J Med Sci Biol. 1972 Jun;25(3):179–194. doi: 10.7883/yoken1952.25.179. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rönnberg B., Wadström T. Rapid detection by a coagglutination test of heat-labile enterotoxin in cell lysates from blood agar-grown Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jun;17(6):1021–1025. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.6.1021-1025.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Spira W. M., Fedorka-Cray P. J., Pettebone P. Colonization of the rabbit small intestine by clinical and environmental isolates of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus. Infect Immun. 1983 Sep;41(3):1175–1183. doi: 10.1128/iai.41.3.1175-1183.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Spira W. M., Fedorka-Cray P. J. Production of cholera toxin-like toxin by Vibrio mimicus and non-O1 Vibrio cholerae: batch culture conditions for optimum yields and isolation of hypertoxigenic lincomycin-resistant mutants. Infect Immun. 1983 Nov;42(2):501–509. doi: 10.1128/iai.42.2.501-509.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Takao T., Shimonishi Y., Kobayashi M., Nishimura O., Arita M., Takeda T., Honda T., Miwatani T. Amino acid sequence of heat-stable enterotoxin produced by Vibrio cholerae non-01. FEBS Lett. 1985 Dec 2;193(2):250–254. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(85)80163-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Wilson R., Lieb S., Roberts A., Stryker S., Janowski H., Gunn R., Davis B., Riddle C. F., Barrett T., Morris J. G., Jr Non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis associated with eating raw oysters. Am J Epidemiol. 1981 Aug;114(2):293–298. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yamamoto K., Al-Omani M., Honda T., Takeda Y., Miwatani T. Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae hemolysin: purification, partial characterization, and immunological relatedness to El Tor hemolysin. Infect Immun. 1984 Jul;45(1):192–196. doi: 10.1128/iai.45.1.192-196.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Yamamoto K., Takeda Y., Miwatani T., Craig J. P. Evidence that a non-O1 Vibrio cholerae produces enterotoxin that is similar but not identical to cholera enterotoxin. Infect Immun. 1983 Sep;41(3):896–901. doi: 10.1128/iai.41.3.896-901.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Zinnaka Y., Carpenter C. C., Jr An enterotoxin produced by noncholera vibrios. Johns Hopkins Med J. 1972 Dec;131(6):403–411. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES