Abstract
Using batch cultures, we determined transformation rate coefficients for microbial transformation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE) in periphyton-dominated ecosystems. Rates of 2,4-DBE loss were measured over short periods of time (usually less than 10 h), and first-order transformation rate coefficients (k1) were determined under the specific conditions of low 2,4-DBE concentrations and no growth. Values for k1 were divided by total plate counts and by biomass measured as ash-free dry weight to give second-order rate coefficients (kb and kAFDW, respectively) for use in predictive models. Using periphyton attached to Teflon strips, we also determined second-order rate coefficients based on the ratio of colonized surface area to container volume (kA). Mean second-order rate coefficients were used to predict 2,4-DBE transformation rates in microcosms having diverse chemical and biological environments. The observed transformation rates among the microcosms were most accurately predicted by using kA.
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