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Bulletin of the World Health Organization logoLink to Bulletin of the World Health Organization
. 1992;70(1):23–25.

Standardization and improvement of influenza surveillance: memorandum from a WHO/GEIG meeting.

PMCID: PMC2393355  PMID: 1568279

Abstract

The main objectives of influenza surveillance are early detection of influenza outbreaks and identification of the causative agent, collection and analysis of influenza morbidity and mortality data, and collection of influenza virus isolates and analysis of their antigenic characteristics. The true morbidity and mortality from influenza are difficult to estimate in most countries on the basis of only reports of influenza-like illnesses. Analysis and comparisons of the impact of influenza in different countries are also difficult because surveillance systems and methods vary from one country to another. This Memorandum describes generally applicable systems that could improve influenza surveillance.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Serfling Robert E. Methods for current statistical analysis of excess pneumonia-influenza deaths. Public Health Rep. 1963 Jun;78(6):494–506. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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