Abstract
Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was purified from cultures of Aspergillus flavus, and ca. 14 g of the toxin was collected for use in feeding studies. Chicken rations were artificially contaminated with purified CPA at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 ppm (microgram/g) and fed ad libitum to eight groups of chickens for 7 weeks. Chickens receiving feed with 100 ppm of CPA had high mortality, decreased weight gain, and poor feed conversion when compared with birds receiving other doses. Postmortem examination showed that chickens fed the two greatest doses of CPA had proventricular lesions characterized by mucosal erosion and hyperemia (100 ppm) and by thick mucosa and dilated proventricular lumens (50 ppm). Birds given 100 ppm of CPA in feed also had numerous yellow foci in their livers and spleens. Microscopic examination of tissues of birds that received 100 ppm of CPA revealed ulcerative proventriculitis, mucosal necrosis in the gizzard, and hepatic and splenic necrosis and inflammation. Birds given 50 ppm of CPA had hyperplasia of the proventricular mucosal epithelium. Birds given 10 ppm of CPA and control birds had no significant treatment-related lesions.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Davis N. D., Diener U. L., Eldridge D. W. Production of aflatoxins B1 and G1 by Aspergillus flavus in a semisynthetic medium. Appl Microbiol. 1966 May;14(3):378–380. doi: 10.1128/am.14.3.378-380.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Forsyth D. M., Yoshizawa T., Morooka N., Tuite J. Emetic and refusal activity of deoxynivalenol to swine. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Nov;34(5):547–552. doi: 10.1128/aem.34.5.547-552.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gallagher R. T., Richard J. L., Stahr H. M., Cole R. J. Cyclopiazonic acid production by aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus. Mycopathologia. 1978 Dec 29;66(1-2):31–36. doi: 10.1007/BF00429590. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Holaday C. E., Lansden J. Rapid screening method for aflatoxin in a number of products. J Agric Food Chem. 1975 Nov-Dec;23(6):1134–1136. doi: 10.1021/jf60202a023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Holzapfel C. W. The isolation and structure of cyclopiazonic acid, a toxic metabolite of Penicillium cyclopium Westling. Tetrahedron. 1968 Mar;24(5):2101–2119. doi: 10.1016/0040-4020(68)88113-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lansden J. A., Davidson J. I. Occurrence of cyclopiazonic acid in peanuts. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Mar;45(3):766–769. doi: 10.1128/aem.45.3.766-769.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Le Bars J. Cyclopiazonic acid bioproduction by Penicillium camemberti Thom: effect of temperature on individual strains. Ann Rech Vet. 1979;10(4):601–602. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Le Bars J. Cyclopiazonic acid production by Penicillium camemberti Thom and natural occurrence of this mycotoxin in cheese. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Dec;38(6):1052–1055. doi: 10.1128/aem.38.6.1052-1055.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Luk K. C., Kobbe B., Townsend J. M. Production of cyclopiazonic acid by Aspergillus flavus Link. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Jan;33(1):211–212. doi: 10.1128/aem.33.1.211-212.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nelson G. H., Christensen C. M., Mirocha C. J. Fusarium and estrogenism in swine. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1276–1277. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orth R. Mycotoxins of Aspergillus oryzae strains for use in the food industry as starters and enzyme producing molds. Ann Nutr Aliment. 1977;31(4-6):617–624. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Purchase I. F. The acute toxicity of the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid to rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1971 Jan;18(1):114–123. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(71)90320-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]