Abstract
A 21-year-old Indian who worked as a vaccinator in the smallpox programme developed an atypical case of variola major despite several previous, successful vaccinations. The clinical course of the disease was unusual, as there were two distinctly separate ”crops” of smallpox. The disease began less than one month after a successful vaccination, which therefore gave the briefest period of protection recorded for this reliable immunization. The patient was found to have a virtually complete IgM deficiency with normal levels of circulating antibody against orthopox virus.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Faulk W. P., Kiyasu W. S., Cooper M. D., Fudenberg H. H. Deficiency of IgM. Pediatrics. 1971 Feb;47(2):399–404. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hansson O., Johansson S. G., Vahlquist B. Vaccinia Gangrenosa with normal humoral antibodies. A case possibly due to deficient cellular immunity treated with N-methylisatin beta-thiosemicarbazone (Compound 33T57, Marboran). Acta Paediatr Scand. 1966 May;55(3):264–272. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1966.tb17653.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KEMPE C. H. Studies smallpox and complications of smallpox vaccination. Pediatrics. 1960 Aug;26:176–189. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KOZINN P. J., SIGEL M. M., GORRIE R. Progressive vaccinia associated with agammaglobulinemia and defects in immune mechanism. Pediatrics. 1955 Nov;16(5):600–608. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kitamura T., Miyagawa Y., Tanaka Y. Studies on a heat-labile variola virus inhibitor in normal sera. I. Detection by the variola focus reduction assay and its general characteristics. Intervirology. 1973;1(4):278–287. doi: 10.1159/000148856. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kitamura T., Shinjo N. Assay of neutralizing antibody against variola virus by the degree of focus reduction on HeLa cell cultures and its application to revaccination with smallpox vaccines of various potencies. Bull World Health Organ. 1972;46(1):15–26. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kitamura T., Tanaka Y., Ogata M. Immunological studies of heat-labile virus inhibitors. I. Specificity of absorption onto sensitive viruses and specific response after virus infections. Microbiol Immunol. 1978;22(1):15–26. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1978.tb00344.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kitamura T., Tanaka Y., Sugané M. Studies on a heat-labile variola virus inhibitor in normal sera. II. Further characterization of the inhibitor and its activity. Intervirology. 1973;1(4):288–296. doi: 10.1159/000148857. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koplan J. P., Marton K. I. Smallpox vaccination revisited. Some observations on the biology of vaccinia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1975 Jul;24(4):656–663. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maddison S. E., Stewart C. C., Farshy C. E., Reimer C. B. The relationship of race, sex, and age to concentrations of serum immunoglobulins expressed in international units in healthy adults in the USA. Bull World Health Organ. 1975;52(2):179–185. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mancini G., Carbonara A. O., Heremans J. F. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235–254. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(65)90004-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- OUCHTERLONY O. Diffusion-in-gel methods for immunological analysis. Prog Allergy. 1958;5:1–78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stoelinga G. B., van Munster P. J. Antibody deficiency syndrome and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in a boy with isolated IgM deficiency dysimmunoglobulinaemia type 5. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1969 Jul;58(4):352–362. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1969.tb04731.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]