Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Postgraduate Medical Journal logoLink to Postgraduate Medical Journal
. 1992 May;68(799):321–326. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.68.799.321

Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.

S L Janes 1
PMCID: PMC2399429  PMID: 1630974

Full text

PDF
321

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aster R. H. "Gestational" thrombocytopenia: a plea for conservative management. N Engl J Med. 1990 Jul 26;323(4):264–266. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199007263230409. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Ballem P. J., Buskard N., Wittmann B. K., Wilson R. D., Effer S., Farquharson D. ITP in pregnancy: use of the bleeding time as an indicator for treatment. Blut. 1989 Jul;59(1):132–135. doi: 10.1007/BF00320265. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bell W. R., Braine H. G., Ness P. M., Kickler T. S. Improved survival in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clinical experience in 108 patients. N Engl J Med. 1991 Aug 8;325(6):398–403. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199108083250605. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blanchette V., Andrew M., Perlman M., Ling E., Ballin A. Neonatal autoimmune thrombocytopenia: role of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin G therapy. Blut. 1989 Jul;59(1):139–144. doi: 10.1007/BF00320267. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Burroughs A. K., Seong N. H., Dojcinov D. M., Scheuer P. J., Sherlock S. V. Idiopathic acute fatty liver of pregnancy in 12 patients. Q J Med. 1982;51(204):481–497. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Burrows R. F., Andrew M. Neonatal thrombocytopenia in the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Aug;76(2):234–238. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Burrows R. F., Caco C. C., Kelton J. G. Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: spontaneous in utero intracranial hemorrhage. Am J Hematol. 1988 Jun;28(2):98–102. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830280207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Burrows R. F., Hunter D. J., Andrew M., Kelton J. G. A prospective study investigating the mechanism of thrombocytopenia in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Sep;70(3 Pt 1):334–338. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Burrows R. F., Kelton J. G. Incidentally detected thrombocytopenia in healthy mothers and their infants. N Engl J Med. 1988 Jul 21;319(3):142–145. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198807213190304. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Burrows R. F., Kelton J. G. Low fetal risks in pregnancies associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Oct;163(4 Pt 1):1147–1150. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90675-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Bussel J. B., Berkowitz R. L., McFarland J. G., Lynch L., Chitkara U. Antenatal treatment of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 1988 Nov 24;319(21):1374–1378. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198811243192103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Calhoun B. C., Hesser J. W. Heparin-associated antibody with pregnancy: discussion of two cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Apr;156(4):964–966. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(87)90368-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Carloss H. W., McMillan R., Crosby W. H. Management of pregnancy in women with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. JAMA. 1980 Dec 19;244(24):2756–2758. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Chanarin I., Rothman D., Ward A., Perry J. Folate status and requirement in pregnancy. Br Med J. 1968 May 18;2(5602):390–394. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5602.390. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Christiaens G. C., Helmerhorst F. M. Validity of intrapartum diagnosis of fetal thrombocytopenia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Oct;157(4 Pt 1):864–865. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80074-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Christiaens G. C., Nieuwenhuis H. K., von dem Borne A. E., Ouwehand W. H., Helmerhorst F. M., van Dalen C. M., van der Tweel I. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy: a randomized trial on the effect of antenatal low dose corticosteroids on neonatal platelet count. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990 Oct;97(10):893–898. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02443.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Cines D. B., Dusak B., Tomaski A., Mennuti M., Schreiber A. D. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1982 Apr 8;306(14):826–831. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198204083061402. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Cines D. B., Kaywin P., Bina M., Tomaski A., Schreiber A. D. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 1980 Oct 2;303(14):788–795. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198010023031404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Colvin B. T. Thrombocytopenia. Clin Haematol. 1985 Oct;14(3):661–681. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Dan U., Barkai G., David B., Goldenberg M., Kukkia E., Mashiach S. Management of labor in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1989;27(4):193–196. doi: 10.1159/000293654. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Davies S. V., Murray J. A., Gee H., Giles H. M. Transplacental effect of high-dose immunoglobulin in idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) Lancet. 1986 May 10;1(8489):1098–1099. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91366-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Donnér M., Aronsson S., Holmberg L., Olofsson P. Corticosteroid treatment of maternal ITP and risk of neonatal thrombocytopenia. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1987 Mar;76(2):369–371. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10482.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Douglas J. T., Shah M., Lowe G. D., Belch J. J., Forbes C. D., Prentice C. R. Plasma fibrinopeptide A and beta-thromboglobulin in pre-eclampsia and pregnancy hypertension. Thromb Haemost. 1982 Feb 26;47(1):54–55. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Douglas J. T., Shah M., Lowe G. D., Belch J. J., Forbes C. D., Prentice C. R. Plasma fibrinopeptide A and beta-thromboglobulin in pre-eclampsia and pregnancy hypertension. Thromb Haemost. 1982 Feb 26;47(1):54–55. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Fay R. A., Hughes A. O., Farron N. T. Platelets in pregnancy: hyperdestruction in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1983 Feb;61(2):238–240. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Fenton V., Saunders K., Cavill I. The platelet count in pregnancy. J Clin Pathol. 1977 Jan;30(1):68–69. doi: 10.1136/jcp.30.1.68. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Fitzgerald D. J., Mayo G., Catella F., Entman S. S., FitzGerald G. A. Increased thromboxane biosynthesis in normal pregnancy is mainly derived from platelets. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Aug;157(2):325–330. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80162-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Gibson B., Hunter D., Neame P. B., Kelton J. G. Thrombocytopenia in preeclampsia and eclampsia. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1982 Jul;8(3):234–247. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1005054. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Giles A. R., Hoogendoorn H., Benford K. Type IIB von Willebrand's disease presenting as thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. Br J Haematol. 1987 Nov;67(3):349–353. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1987.tb02356.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Giles C., Inglis T. C. Thrombocytopenia and macrothrombocytosis in gestational hypertension. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981 Nov;88(11):1115–1119. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1981.tb01764.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Goodlin R. C., Davis R. B. Diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy induced platelet dysfunction. Clin Exp Hypertens B. 1983;2(1):15–19. doi: 10.3109/10641958309023455. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Hart D., Dunetz C., Nardi M., Porges R. F., Weiss A., Karpatkin M. An epidemic of maternal thrombocytopenia associated with elevated antiplatelet antibody. Platelet count and antiplatelet antibody in 116 consecutive pregnancies: relationship to neonatal platelet count. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Apr;154(4):878–883. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90475-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Hegde U. M. Immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and the newborn. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1985 Jul;92(7):657–659. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb01443.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Herman J. H., Jumbelic M. I., Ancona R. J., Kickler T. S. In utero cerebral hemorrhage in alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1986 Winter;8(4):312–317. doi: 10.1097/00043426-198624000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. How H. Y., Bergmann F., Koshy M., Chediak J., Presperin C., Gall S. A. Quantitative and qualitative platelet abnormalities during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Jan;164(1 Pt 1):92–98. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(91)90634-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Kaplan C., Daffos F., Forestier F., Cox W. L., Lyon-Caen D., Dupuy-Montbrun M. C., Salmon C. Management of alloimmune thrombocytopenia: antenatal diagnosis and in utero transfusion of maternal platelets. Blood. 1988 Jul;72(1):340–343. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Kaplan C., Daffos F., Forestier F., Tertian G., Catherine N., Pons J. C., Tchernia G. Fetal platelet counts in thrombocytopenic pregnancy. Lancet. 1990 Oct 20;336(8721):979–982. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92430-p. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Karpatkin M., Porges R. F., Karpatkin S. Platelet counts in infants of women with autoimmune thrombocytopenia: effects of steroid administration to the mother. N Engl J Med. 1981 Oct 15;305(16):936–939. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198110153051607. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Katz V. L., Thorp J. M., Jr, Rozas L., Bowes W. A., Jr The natural history of thrombocytopenia associated with preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Oct;163(4 Pt 1):1142–1143. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90673-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Kelton J. G., Hunter D. J., Neame P. B. A platelet function defect in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Jan;65(1):107–109. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Kelton J. G. Management of the pregnant patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Ann Intern Med. 1983 Dec;99(6):796–800. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-796. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Kovacs J. A., Gill V., Swan J. C., Ognibene F., Shelhamer J., Parrillo J. E., Masur H. Prospective evaluation of a monoclonal antibody in diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Lancet. 1986 Jul 5;2(8497):1–3. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92555-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Koyama T., Suehiro A., Kakishita E., Taira S., Isojima S., Norioka M., Ito K. Efficacy of the high molecular weight fraction of plasma for the maintenance of pregnancy associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol. 1990 Nov;35(3):179–183. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830350307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Limaye N. S., Tchabo J. G. Asymptomatic thrombocytopenia associated with chorioangioma of placenta. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989 Jul;161(1):76–77. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(89)90236-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Lockshin M. D., Reinitz E., Druzin M. L., Murrman M., Estes D. Lupus pregnancy. Case-control prospective study demonstrating absence of lupus exacerbation during or after pregnancy. Am J Med. 1984 Nov;77(5):893–898. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(84)90538-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. MacKenna J., Dover N. L., Brame R. G. Preeclampsia associated with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets--an obstetric emergency? Obstet Gynecol. 1983 Dec;62(6):751–754. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Matthews J. H., Benjamin S., Gill D. S., Smith N. A. Pregnancy-associated thrombocytopenia: definition, incidence and natural history. Acta Haematol. 1990;84(1):24–29. doi: 10.1159/000205022. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Meytes D., Ayalon H., Virag I., Weisbort Y., Zakut H. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and recurrent thrombosis in pregnancy. A case report. J Reprod Med. 1986 Oct;31(10):993–996. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Moake J. L. TTP--desperation, empiricism, progress. N Engl J Med. 1991 Aug 8;325(6):426–428. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199108083250611. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Moise K. J., Jr, Carpenter R. J., Jr, Cotton D. B., Wasserstrum N., Kirshon B., Cano L. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling in the evaluation of fetal platelet counts in pregnant patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura. Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Sep;72(3 Pt 1):346–350. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Moise K. J., Jr, Cotton D. B. Discordant fetal platelet counts in a twin gestation complicated by idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 May;156(5):1141–1142. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(87)90127-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Morales W. J., Stroup M. Intracranial hemorrhage in utero due to isoimmune neonatal thrombocytopenia. Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Mar;65(3 Suppl):20S–21S. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Moutet A., Fromont P., Farcet J. P., Rotten D., Bettaieb A., Duédari N., Bierling P. Pregnancy in women with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Arch Intern Med. 1990 Oct;150(10):2141–2145. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Mueller-Eckhardt C., Kiefel V., Grubert A., Kroll H., Weisheit M., Schmidt S., Mueller-Eckhardt G., Santoso S. 348 cases of suspected neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Lancet. 1989 Feb 18;1(8634):363–366. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91733-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Newland A. C., Boots M. A., Patterson K. G. Intravenous IgG for autoimmune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1984 Jan 26;310(4):261–262. doi: 10.1056/nejm198401263100416. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Nicolini U., Rodeck C. H., Kochenour N. K., Greco P., Fisk N. M., Letsky E., Lubenko A. In-utero platelet transfusion for alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Lancet. 1988 Aug 27;2(8609):506–506. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)90147-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Pappas C. Placental transfer of immunoglobulins in immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet. 1986 Feb 15;1(8477):389–389. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92357-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Pottage J. C., Jr, Benson C. A., Spear J. B., Landay A. L., Kessler H. A. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-related thrombocytopenia with zidovudine. JAMA. 1988 Nov 25;260(20):3045–3048. doi: 10.1001/jama.260.20.3045. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Pritchard J. A., Cunningham F. G., Pritchard S. A., Mason R. A. How often does maternal preeclampsia-eclampsia incite thrombocytopenia in the fetus? Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Mar;69(3 Pt 1):292–295. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Ramanathan J., Sibai B. M., Vu T., Chauhan D. Correlation between bleeding times and platelet counts in women with preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section. Anesthesiology. 1989 Aug;71(2):188–191. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198908000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Redman C. W., Bonnar J., Beilin L. Early platelet consumption in pre-eclampsia. Br Med J. 1978 Feb 25;1(6111):467–469. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6111.467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. Redman C. W. Platelets and the beginnings of preeclampsia. N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 16;323(7):478–480. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199008163230710. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Rick M. E., Williams S. B., Sacher R. A., McKeown L. P. Thrombocytopenia associated with pregnancy in a patient with type IIB von Willebrand's disease. Blood. 1987 Mar;69(3):786–789. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Rock G. A., Shumak K. H., Buskard N. A., Blanchette V. S., Kelton J. G., Nair R. C., Spasoff R. A. Comparison of plasma exchange with plasma infusion in the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Canadian Apheresis Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1991 Aug 8;325(6):393–397. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199108083250604. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Rákóczi I., Tallián F., Bagdány S., Gáti I. Platelet life-span in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia as determined by a non-radioisotope technique. Thromb Res. 1979;15(3-4):553–556. doi: 10.1016/0049-3848(79)90161-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Sacher R. A. ITP in pregnancy and the newborn: introduction. Blut. 1989 Jul;59(1):124–127. doi: 10.1007/BF00320263. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Samuels P., Bussel J. B., Braitman L. E., Tomaski A., Druzin M. L., Mennuti M. T., Cines D. B. Estimation of the risk of thrombocytopenia in the offspring of pregnant women with presumed immune thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med. 1990 Jul 26;323(4):229–235. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199007263230404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Scott J. R., Cruikshank D. P., Kochenour N. K., Pitkin R. M., Warenski J. C. Fetal platelet counts in the obstetric management of immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Feb 15;136(4):495–499. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(80)90677-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Scott J. R., Rote N. S., Cruikshank D. P. Antiplatelet antibodies and platelet counts in pregnancies complicated by autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983 Apr 15;145(8):932–939. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(83)90843-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Sibai B. M., Spinnato J. A., Watson D. L., Hill G. A., Anderson G. D. Pregnancy outcome in 303 cases with severe preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol. 1984 Sep;64(3):319–325. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Solanki D. L., Blackburn B. C. Spurious thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Mar;65(3 Suppl):14S–17S. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Stirling Y., Woolf L., North W. R., Seghatchian M. J., Meade T. W. Haemostasis in normal pregnancy. Thromb Haemost. 1984 Oct 31;52(2):176–182. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Tani P., Berchtold P., McMillan R. Autoantibodies in chronic ITP. Blut. 1989 Jul;59(1):44–46. doi: 10.1007/BF00320247. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Wahbeh C. J., Eden R. D., Killam A. P., Gall S. A. Pregnancy and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984 May 15;149(2):238–240. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(84)90214-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Waters A. H. Post-transfusion purpura. Blood Rev. 1989 Jun;3(2):83–87. doi: 10.1016/0268-960x(89)90002-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Weinstein L. Preeclampsia/eclampsia with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and thrombocytopenia. Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Nov;66(5):657–660. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Weinstein L. Syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count: a severe consequence of hypertension in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1982 Jan 15;142(2):159–167. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(16)32330-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Whigham K. A., Howie P. W., Drummond A. H., Prentice C. R. Abnormal platelet function in pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1978 Jan;85(1):28–32. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1978.tb15820.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Zemel M. B., Zemel P. C., Berry S., Norman G., Kowalczyk C., Sokol R. J., Standley P. R., Walsh M. F., Sowers J. R. Altered platelet calcium metabolism as an early predictor of increased peripheral vascular resistance and preeclampsia in urban black women. N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 16;323(7):434–438. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199008163230702. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Postgraduate Medical Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES