Skip to main content
PMC home page
Postgraduate Medical Journal logoLink to Postgraduate Medical Journal
. 1992 Aug;68(802):638–642. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.68.802.638

Microalbuminuria in non-insulin-dependent (type 2) Nigerian diabetics: relation to glycaemic control, blood pressure and retinopathy.

R T Erasmus 1, G Oyeyinka 1, A Arije 1
PMCID: PMC2399556  PMID: 1448404

Abstract

Twenty-four hour urinary albumin concentrations were measured in 113 (mean age 51.1 years) non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) Nigerian diabetics (50 males, 63 females). A high prevalence of microalbuminuria (> or = 30 mg/24 hour) was observed in male (54%) as well as female diabetics (59%). Microalbuminuria was also observed in a high proportion of diabetics (52%) with a short duration (< 5 years) of disease. Elevated blood pressure and retinopathy were present in 41% and 16% of patients respectively. Among the 49 patients with normoalbuminuria (< 30 mg/24 hour), six (12%) had retinopathy compared with 12 (18%) in the microalbuminuria group. Diastolic blood pressure levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in male diabetics with retinopathy but this was not associated with higher albuminuria. Urinary albumin concentrations were not influenced by elevated blood pressure. There were no significant differences in age, duration of diabetes, blood pressure or serum creatinine between diabetics with and without microalbuminuria. These results suggest that though there is a high prevalence of microalbuminuria amongst NIDDM Nigerian diabetics it may not predict retinopathy and occurs independently of either glycaemic control or elevated blood pressure levels.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ahrén B., Corrigan C. B. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in north-western Tanzania. Diabetologia. 1984 May;26(5):333–336. doi: 10.1007/BF00266032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Allawi J., Rao P. V., Gilbert R., Scott G., Jarrett R. J., Keen H., Viberti G. C., Mather H. M. Microalbuminuria in non-insulin-dependent diabetes: its prevalence in Indian compared with Europid patients. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988 Feb 13;296(6620):462–464. doi: 10.1136/bmj.296.6620.462. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Ballard D. J., Humphrey L. L., Melton L. J., 3rd, Frohnert P. P., Chu P. C., O'Fallon W. M., Palumbo P. J. Epidemiology of persistent proteinuria in type II diabetes mellitus. Population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota. Diabetes. 1988 Apr;37(4):405–412. doi: 10.2337/diab.37.4.405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Barnett A. H., Dallinger K., Jennings P., Fletcher J., Odugbesan O. Microalbuminuria and diabetic retinopathy. Lancet. 1985 Jan 5;1(8419):53–54. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91008-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Collins V. R., Dowse G. K., Finch C. F., Zimmet P. Z., Linnane A. W. Prevalence and risk factors for micro- and macroalbuminuria in diabetic subjects and entire population of Nauru. Diabetes. 1989 Dec;38(12):1602–1610. doi: 10.2337/diab.38.12.1602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Damsgaard E. M., Mogensen C. E. Microalbuminuria in elderly hyperglycaemic patients and controls. Diabet Med. 1986 Sep-Oct;3(5):430–435. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1986.tb00785.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Erasmus R. T., Alanamu R. A., Bojuwoye B., Oluboyo P., Arije A. Diabetic retinopathy in Nigerians: relation to duration of diabetes, type of treatment and degree of control. East Afr Med J. 1989 Apr;66(4):248–254. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Erasmus R. T., Fakeye T., Olukoga O., Okesina A. B., Ebomoyi E., Adeleye M., Arije A. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a Nigerian population. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1989 May-Jun;83(3):417–418. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(89)90524-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. FAHEY J. L., MCKELVEY E. M. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN ANTIBODY-AGAR PLATES. J Immunol. 1965 Jan;94:84–90. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Fabre J., Balant L. P., Dayer P. G., Fox H. M., Vernet A. T. The kidney in maturity onset diabetes mellitus: a clinical study of 510 patients. Kidney Int. 1982 May;21(5):730–738. doi: 10.1038/ki.1982.90. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gatling W., Mullee M. A., Knight C., Hill R. D. Microalbuminuria in diabetes: relationships between urinary albumin excretion and diabetes-related variables. Diabet Med. 1988 May-Jun;5(4):348–351. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1988.tb01003.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jarrett R. J., Viberti G. C., Argyropoulos A., Hill R. D., Mahmud U., Murrells T. J. Microalbuminuria predicts mortality in non-insulin-dependent diabetics. Diabet Med. 1984 May;1(1):17–19. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1984.tb01915.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lester F. T. The clinical pattern of diabetes mellitus in Ethiopians. Diabetes Care. 1984 Jan-Feb;7(1):6–11. doi: 10.2337/diacare.7.1.6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Marshall S. M., Alberti K. G. Comparison of the prevalence and associated features of abnormal albumin excretion in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Q J Med. 1989 Jan;70(261):61–71. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mogensen C. E. Microalbuminuria predicts clinical proteinuria and early mortality in maturity-onset diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1984 Feb 9;310(6):356–360. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198402093100605. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mogensen C. E. Prediction of clinical diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. Alternatives to microalbuminuria? Diabetes. 1990 Jul;39(7):761–767. doi: 10.2337/diab.39.7.761. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Nelson R. G., Pettitt D. J., Carraher M. J., Baird H. R., Knowler W. C. Effect of proteinuria on mortality in NIDDM. Diabetes. 1988 Nov;37(11):1499–1504. doi: 10.2337/diab.37.11.1499. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Parving H. H., Hommel E., Mathiesen E., Skøtt P., Edsberg B., Bahnsen M., Lauritzen M., Hougaard P., Lauritzen E. Prevalence of microalbuminuria, arterial hypertension, retinopathy and neuropathy in patients with insulin dependent diabetes. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988 Jan 16;296(6616):156–160. doi: 10.1136/bmj.296.6616.156. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Schmitz A., Vaeth M. Microalbuminuria: a major risk factor in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. A 10-year follow-up study of 503 patients. Diabet Med. 1988 Mar;5(2):126–134. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1988.tb00958.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. West K. M., Erdreich L. J., Stober J. A. A detailed study of risk factors for retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes. Diabetes. 1980 Jul;29(7):501–508. doi: 10.2337/diab.29.7.501. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Postgraduate Medical Journal are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES