Full text
PDF


Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Blessed G., Black S. E., Butler T., Kay D. W. The diagnosis of dementia in the elderly. A comparison of CAMCOG (the cognitive section of CAMDEX), the AGECAT program, DSM-III, the Mini-Mental State Examination and some short rating scales. Br J Psychiatry. 1991 Aug;159:193–198. doi: 10.1192/bjp.159.2.193. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blessed G., Tomlinson B. E., Roth M. The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects. Br J Psychiatry. 1968 Jul;114(512):797–811. doi: 10.1192/bjp.114.512.797. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Connolly M. J., Crowley J. J., Vestal R. E. Clinical significance of crepitations in elderly patients following acute hospital admission: a prospective study. Age Ageing. 1992 Jan;21(1):43–48. doi: 10.1093/ageing/21.1.43. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Escobar J. I., Burnam A., Karno M., Forsythe A., Landsverk J., Golding J. M. Use of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in a community population of mixed ethnicity. Cultural and linguistic artifacts. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1986 Oct;174(10):607–614. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198610000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fillenbaum G. G., Hughes D. C., Heyman A., George L. K., Blazer D. G. Relationship of health and demographic characteristics to Mini-Mental State examination score among community residents. Psychol Med. 1988 Aug;18(3):719–726. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700008412. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Folstein M. F., Folstein S. E., McHugh P. R. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189–198. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Folstein M., Anthony J. C., Parhad I., Duffy B., Gruenberg E. M. The meaning of cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1985 Apr;33(4):228–235. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1985.tb07109.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ganguli M., Ratcliff G., Huff F. J., Belle S., Kancel M. J., Fischer L., Kuller L. H. Serial sevens versus world backwards: a comparison of the two measures of attention from the MMSE. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1990 Oct-Dec;3(4):203–207. doi: 10.1177/089198879000300405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hare M. Clinical check list for diagnosis of dementia. Br Med J. 1978 Jul 22;2(6132):266–267. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6132.266. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heeren T. J., Lagaay A. M., von Beek W. C., Rooymans H. G., Hijmans W. Reference values for the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in octo- and nonagenarians. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990 Oct;38(10):1093–1096. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1990.tb01371.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hodkinson H. M. Evaluation of a mental test score for assessment of mental impairment in the elderly. Age Ageing. 1972 Nov;1(4):233–238. doi: 10.1093/ageing/1.4.233. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Iliffe S., Booroff A., Gallivan S., Goldenberg E., Morgan P., Haines A. Screening for cognitive impairment in the elderly using the mini-mental state examination. Br J Gen Pract. 1990 Jul;40(336):277–279. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jitapunkul S., Pillay I., Ebrahim S. The abbreviated mental test: its use and validity. Age Ageing. 1991 Sep;20(5):332–336. doi: 10.1093/ageing/20.5.332. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Katzman R., Aronson M., Fuld P., Kawas C., Brown T., Morgenstern H., Frishman W., Gidez L., Eder H., Ooi W. L. Development of dementing illnesses in an 80-year-old volunteer cohort. Ann Neurol. 1989 Apr;25(4):317–324. doi: 10.1002/ana.410250402. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kittner S. J., White L. R., Farmer M. E., Wolz M., Kaplan E., Moes E., Brody J. A., Feinleib M. Methodological issues in screening for dementia: the problem of education adjustment. J Chronic Dis. 1986;39(3):163–170. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(86)90019-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McDonald C. Clinical heterogeneity in senile dementia. Br J Psychiatry. 1969 Mar;115(520):267–271. doi: 10.1192/bjp.115.520.267. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Molloy D. W., Alemayehu E., Roberts R. Reliability of a Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination compared with the traditional Mini-Mental State Examination. Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Jan;148(1):102–105. doi: 10.1176/ajp.148.1.102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Connor D. W., Pollitt P. A., Hyde J. B., Brook C. P., Reiss B. B., Roth M. Do general practitioners miss dementia in elderly patients? BMJ. 1988 Oct 29;297(6656):1107–1110. doi: 10.1136/bmj.297.6656.1107. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Connor D. W., Pollitt P. A., Hyde J. B., Fellows J. L., Miller N. D., Brook C. P., Reiss B. B. The reliability and validity of the Mini-Mental State in a British community survey. J Psychiatr Res. 1989;23(1):87–96. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(89)90021-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Connor D. W., Pollitt P. A., Treasure F. P., Brook C. P., Reiss B. B. The influence of education, social class and sex on Mini-Mental State scores. Psychol Med. 1989 Aug;19(3):771–776. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700024375. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Neill D., O'Shea B., Walsh J. B., Coakley D. Screening for dementia and delirium using an adapted Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination. Ir Med J. 1989 Feb;82(1):24–25. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Neill D., Rice I., Walsh J. B., Coakley D. Mental test scores and adult education. Lancet. 1989 Aug 19;2(8660):441–441. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90610-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Neill D., Surmon D. J., Wilcock G. K. Longitudinal diagnosis of memory disorders. Age Ageing. 1992 Nov;21(6):393–397. doi: 10.1093/ageing/21.6.393. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pfeiffer E. A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1975 Oct;23(10):433–441. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1975.tb00927.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Siu A. L. Screening for dementia and investigating its causes. Ann Intern Med. 1991 Jul 15;115(2):122–132. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-115-2-122. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Uhlmann R. F., Larson E. B. Effect of education on the mini-mental state examination as a screening test for dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991 Sep;39(9):876–880. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb04454.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WILLIAMSON J., STOKOE I. H., GRAY S., FISHER M., SMITH A., MCGHEE A., STEPHENSON E. OLD PEOPLE AT HOME. THEIR UNREPORTED NEEDS. Lancet. 1964 May 23;1(7343):1117–1120. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(64)91803-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ward H. W., Ramsdell J. W., Jackson J. E., Renvall M., Swart J. A., Rockwell E. Cognitive function testing in comprehensive geriatric assessment. A comparison of cognitive test performance in residential and clinic settings. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990 Oct;38(10):1088–1092. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1990.tb01370.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
