Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1991 May;65(5):2225–2230. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.5.2225-2230.1991

Progressive immune dysfunction in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus.

M Torten 1, M Franchini 1, J E Barlough 1, J W George 1, E Mozes 1, H Lutz 1, N C Pedersen 1
PMCID: PMC240570  PMID: 1673159

Abstract

Within 6 months of infection with the Petaluma isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus, specific-pathogen-free domestic cats exhibited a decrease in the percentage and number of circulating CD4+ lymphocytes and in the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio, along with a marginally significant depression of pokeweed mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. There was no loss of responsiveness to concanavalin A during this stage, and the cats were capable of mounting a satisfactory antibody response to a T-dependent, synthetic polypeptide immunogen. The pokeweed mitogen response deficit became clearly demonstrable by 11 to 12 months postinfection. A decline in the lymphocyte proliferative response to concanavalin A and a diminished ability to mount an in vivo antibody response to the T-dependent immunogen evolved by 25 to 44 months postinfection. Virus infection did not affect the ability of cats to mount an antibody response to a T-independent synthetic polypeptide immunogen. These data indicate that feline immunodeficiency virus produces a slowly progressive deterioration of T-cell function but does not affect the ability of B cells to recognize and respond to a T-independent antigenic stimulus.

Full text

PDF
2225

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ackley C. D., Hoover E. A., Cooper M. D. Identification of a CD4 homologue in the cat. Tissue Antigens. 1990 Feb;35(2):92–98. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1990.tb01762.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Amadori A., Chieco-Bianchi L. B-cell activation and HIV-1 infection: deeds and misdeeds. Immunol Today. 1990 Oct;11(10):374–379. doi: 10.1016/0167-5699(90)90144-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barlough J. E., Ackley C. D., George J. W., Levy N., Acevedo R., Moore P. F., Rideout B. A., Cooper M. D., Pedersen N. C. Acquired immune dysfunction in cats with experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection: comparison of short-term and long-term infections. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1991;4(3):219–227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Carne C. A., Weller I. V., Waite J., Briggs M., Pearce F., Adler M. W., Tedder R. S. Impaired responsiveness of homosexual men with HIV antibodies to plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1987 Apr 4;294(6576):866–868. doi: 10.1136/bmj.294.6576.866. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fahey J. L., Taylor J. M., Detels R., Hofmann B., Melmed R., Nishanian P., Giorgi J. V. The prognostic value of cellular and serologic markers in infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. N Engl J Med. 1990 Jan 18;322(3):166–172. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199001183220305. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gardner M. B., Luciw P. A. Animal models of AIDS. FASEB J. 1989 Dec;3(14):2593–2606. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.3.14.2556312. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gregory C. R., Taylor N. J., Willits N. H., Theilen G. H. Response to isoantigens and mitogens in the cat: effects of cyclosporin A. Am J Vet Res. 1987 Jan;48(1):126–130. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Grindem C. B., Corbett W. T., Ammerman B. E., Tomkins M. T. Seroepidemiologic survey of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats of Wake County, North Carolina. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jan 15;194(2):226–228. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hara Y., Ishida T., Ejima H., Tagawa M., Motoyoshi S., Tomoda I., Shimizu M., Shichinohe K. Decrease in mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferative responses in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1990 Jun;52(3):573–579. doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.52.573. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hopper C. D., Sparkes A. H., Gruffydd-Jones T. J., Crispin S. M., Muir P., Harbour D. A., Stokes C. R. Clinical and laboratory findings in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. Vet Rec. 1989 Sep 23;125(13):341–346. doi: 10.1136/vr.125.13.341. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Ishida T., Tomoda I. Clinical staging of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1990 Jun;52(3):645–648. doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.52.645. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Ishida T., Washizu T., Toriyabe K., Motoyoshi S., Tomoda I., Pedersen N. C. Feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats of Japan. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jan 15;194(2):221–225. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Israel-Biet D., Ekwalanga M., Venet A., Even P., Andrieu J. M. Serum suppressive activity of HIV seropositive patients. Clin Exp Immunol. 1988 Nov;74(2):185–189. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Janoff E. N., Douglas J. M., Jr, Gabriel M., Blaser M. J., Davidson A. J., Cohn D. L., Judson F. N. Class-specific antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides in men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis. 1988 Nov;158(5):983–990. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.5.983. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jaton J. C., Sela M. Role of optical configuration in the immunogenicity and specificity of synthetic antigens derived from multichain polyproline. J Biol Chem. 1968 Nov 10;243(21):5616–5626. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Klotz F. W., Cooper M. D. A feline thymocyte antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody (FT2) identifies a subpopulation of non-helper cells capable of specific cytotoxicity. J Immunol. 1986 Apr 1;136(7):2510–2514. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lane H. C., Masur H., Edgar L. C., Whalen G., Rook A. H., Fauci A. S. Abnormalities of B-cell activation and immunoregulation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1983 Aug 25;309(8):453–458. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198308253090803. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Levy J. A. Human immunodeficiency viruses and the pathogenesis of AIDS. JAMA. 1989 May 26;261(20):2997–3006. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lutz H., Pedersen N., Higgins J., Hübscher U., Troy F. A., Theilen G. H. Humoral immune reactivity to feline leukemia virus and associated antigens in cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus. Cancer Res. 1980 Oct;40(10):3642–3651. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Margolick J. B., Volkman D. J., Folks T. M., Fauci A. S. Amplification of HTLV-III/LAV infection by antigen-induced activation of T cells and direct suppression by virus of lymphocyte blastogenic responses. J Immunol. 1987 Mar 15;138(6):1719–1723. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Miedema F., Petit A. J., Terpstra F. G., Schattenkerk J. K., de Wolf F., Al B. J., Roos M., Lange J. M., Danner S. A., Goudsmit J. Immunological abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected asymptomatic homosexual men. HIV affects the immune system before CD4+ T helper cell depletion occurs. J Clin Invest. 1988 Dec;82(6):1908–1914. doi: 10.1172/JCI113809. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Miller E. J., Lee C. A., Karayiannis P., Holmes S., Thomas H. C., Kernoff P. B. Immune response of patients with congenital coagulation disorders to hepatitis B vaccine: suboptimal response and human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Med Virol. 1989 Jun;28(2):96–100. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890280208. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Moody D. J., Casavant C. H., Fulwyler M. J., McHugh T. M., Stites D. P. Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of mononuclear cells from HIV-infected individuals. Cytometry Suppl. 1988;3:44–47. doi: 10.1002/cyto.990090810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Mozes E., McDevitt H. O., Jaton J. C., Sela M. The nature of the antigenic determinant in a genetic control of the antibody response. J Exp Med. 1969 Sep 1;130(3):493–504. doi: 10.1084/jem.130.3.493. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. O'Connor T. P., Jr, Tanguay S., Steinman R., Smith R., Barr M. C., Yamamoto J. K., Pedersen N. C., Andersen P. R., Tonelli Q. J. Development and evaluation of immunoassay for detection of antibodies to the feline T-lymphotropic lentivirus (feline immunodeficiency virus). J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Mar;27(3):474–479. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.3.474-479.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Page J. B., Lai S. H., Chitwood D. D., Klimas N. G., Smith P. C., Fletcher M. A. HTLV-I/II seropositivity and death from AIDS among HIV-1 seropositive intravenous drug users. Lancet. 1990 Jun 16;335(8703):1439–1441. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91456-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Pedersen N. C., Ho E. W., Brown M. L., Yamamoto J. K. Isolation of a T-lymphotropic virus from domestic cats with an immunodeficiency-like syndrome. Science. 1987 Feb 13;235(4790):790–793. doi: 10.1126/science.3643650. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Pedersen N. C., Torten M., Rideout B., Sparger E., Tonachini T., Luciw P. A., Ackley C., Levy N., Yamamoto J. Feline leukemia virus infection as a potentiating cofactor for the primary and secondary stages of experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection. J Virol. 1990 Feb;64(2):598–606. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.2.598-606.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Pedersen N. C., Yamamoto J. K., Ishida T., Hansen H. Feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):111–129. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(89)90134-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Quinn T. C., Piot P., McCormick J. B., Feinsod F. M., Taelman H., Kapita B., Stevens W., Fauci A. S. Serologic and immunologic studies in patients with AIDS in North America and Africa. The potential role of infectious agents as cofactors in human immunodeficiency virus infection. JAMA. 1987 May 15;257(19):2617–2621. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Schnittman S. M., Lane H. C., Higgins S. E., Folks T., Fauci A. S. Direct polyclonal activation of human B lymphocytes by the acquired immune deficiency syndrome virus. Science. 1986 Sep 5;233(4768):1084–1086. doi: 10.1126/science.3016902. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Sela M., Mozes E., Shearer G. M. Thymus-independence of slowly metabolized immunogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Sep;69(9):2696–2700. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.9.2696. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sparger E. E., Luciw P. A., Elder J. H., Yamamoto J. K., Lowenstine L. J., Pedersen N. C. Feline immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus associated with an AIDS-like disease in cats. AIDS. 1989;3 (Suppl 1):S43–S49. doi: 10.1097/00002030-198901001-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Taniguchi A., Ishida T., Konno A., Washizu T., Tomoda I. Altered mitogen response of peripheral blood lymphocytes in different stages of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1990 Jun;52(3):513–518. doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.52.513. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Teeuwsen V. J., Siebelink K. H., de Wolf F., Goudsmit J., UytdeHaag F. G., Osterhaus A. D. Impairment of in vitro immune responses occurs within 3 months after HIV-1 seroconversion. AIDS. 1990 Jan;4(1):77–81. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199001000-00011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Tremblay M., Gornitsky M., Wainberg M. A. Active replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells following coincubation with herpes viruses. J Med Virol. 1989 Oct;29(2):109–114. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890290207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Wabwire-Mangen F., Shiff C. J., Vlahov D., Kline R., Serwadda D., Sewankambo N. K., Mugerwa R. D., Quinn T. C. Immunological effects of HIV-1 infection on the humoral response to malaria in an African population. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Nov;41(5):504–511. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1989.41.504. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Waldmann T. A., Broder S. Polyclonal B-cell activators in the study of the regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis in the human system. Adv Immunol. 1982;32:1–63. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60720-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Yamamoto J. K., Hansen H., Ho E. W., Morishita T. Y., Okuda T., Sawa T. R., Nakamura R. M., Pedersen N. C. Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats from the continental United States and Canada and possible mode of transmission. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jan 15;194(2):213–220. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Yamamoto J. K., Sparger E., Ho E. W., Andersen P. R., O'Connor T. P., Mandell C. P., Lowenstine L., Munn R., Pedersen N. C. Pathogenesis of experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats. Am J Vet Res. 1988 Aug;49(8):1246–1258. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES