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. 1992 Feb;66(2):999–1006. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.2.999-1006.1992

Ribosomal frameshifting requires a pseudoknot in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae double-stranded RNA virus.

T H Tzeng 1, C L Tu 1, J A Bruenn 1
PMCID: PMC240802  PMID: 1731118

Abstract

The large double-stranded RNA of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) virus has two large overlapping open reading frames on the plus strand, one of which is translated via a -1 ribosomal frameshift. Sequences including the overlapping region, placed in novel contexts, can direct ribosomes to make a -1 frameshift in wheat germ extract, Escherichia coli and S. cerevisiae. This sequence includes a consensus slippery sequence, GGGUUUA, and has the potential to form a pseudoknot 3' to the putative frameshift site. Based on deletion analysis, a region of 71 nucleotides including the potential pseudoknot and the putative slippery sequence is sufficient for frameshifting. Site-directed mutagenesis demonstrates that the pseudoknot is essential for frameshifting.

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