Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1992 May;66(5):3172–3178. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.5.3172-3178.1992

Human papillomavirus type 33 in a tonsillar carcinoma generates its putative E7 mRNA via two E6* transcript species which are terminated at different early region poly(A) sites.

P J Snijders 1, A J van den Brule 1, H F Schrijnemakers 1, P M Raaphorst 1, C J Meijer 1, J M Walboomers 1
PMCID: PMC241082  PMID: 1313922

Abstract

Human papillomavirus type 33 (HPV-33)-specific early region transcripts in a tonsillar carcinoma were analyzed by using the RNA polymerase chain reaction method. A total of five cDNA species including species with potential to encode E6*I, E6*II, and E6*III, could be identified. As determined by 3' cDNA end mapping, one E6*I cDNA species was found to utilize a novel early region poly(A) site and was polyadenylated at or near the putative initiation codon of the E1 open reading frame (ORF). Compared with the HPV-16 and HPV-18 E6* mRNAs, the HPV-33 E6*I and E6*II species utilize different splice acceptor sites, the latter being localized within the E7 ORF. Furthermore, HPV-33 E6* mRNAs were found to contain a short overlapping ORF resulting in alternative coding potentials if translation were to start at an internal AUG codon within the E6 region. These results indicate that like HPV-16 and HPV-18, HPV-33 generates E6* mRNAs which may serve as efficient mRNAs for E7. However, HPV-33 has the ability to generate its putative E7 mRNAs by the utilization of two early region poly(A) sites, which offers the possibility of expressing E7 in different ways.

Full text

PDF
3172

Images in this article

3174Image
on p.3174
3175Image
on p.3175
3175Image
on p.3175

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baker C. C., Phelps W. C., Lindgren V., Braun M. J., Gonda M. A., Howley P. M. Structural and transcriptional analysis of human papillomavirus type 16 sequences in cervical carcinoma cell lines. J Virol. 1987 Apr;61(4):962–971. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.4.962-971.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barbosa M. S., Schlegel R. The E6 and E7 genes of HPV-18 are sufficient for inducing two-stage in vitro transformation of human keratinocytes. Oncogene. 1989 Dec;4(12):1529–1532. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barbosa M. S., Vass W. C., Lowy D. R., Schiller J. T. In vitro biological activities of the E6 and E7 genes vary among human papillomaviruses of different oncogenic potential. J Virol. 1991 Jan;65(1):292–298. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.1.292-298.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chow L. T., Nasseri M., Wolinsky S. M., Broker T. R. Human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 mRNAs from genital condylomata acuminata. J Virol. 1987 Aug;61(8):2581–2588. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.8.2581-2588.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cole S. T., Streeck R. E. Genome organization and nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 33, which is associated with cervical cancer. J Virol. 1986 Jun;58(3):991–995. doi: 10.1128/jvi.58.3.991-995.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cullen A. P., Reid R., Campion M., Lörincz A. T. Analysis of the physical state of different human papillomavirus DNAs in intraepithelial and invasive cervical neoplasm. J Virol. 1991 Feb;65(2):606–612. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.2.606-612.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Doorbar J., Parton A., Hartley K., Banks L., Crook T., Stanley M., Crawford L. Detection of novel splicing patterns in a HPV16-containing keratinocyte cell line. Virology. 1990 Sep;178(1):254–262. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90401-c. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dyson N., Howley P. M., Münger K., Harlow E. The human papilloma virus-16 E7 oncoprotein is able to bind to the retinoblastoma gene product. Science. 1989 Feb 17;243(4893):934–937. doi: 10.1126/science.2537532. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dürst M., Dzarlieva-Petrusevska R. T., Boukamp P., Fusenig N. E., Gissmann L. Molecular and cytogenetic analysis of immortalized human primary keratinocytes obtained after transfection with human papillomavirus type 16 DNA. Oncogene. 1987;1(3):251–256. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Frohman M. A., Dush M. K., Martin G. R. Rapid production of full-length cDNAs from rare transcripts: amplification using a single gene-specific oligonucleotide primer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8998–9002. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.8998. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fukushima M., Yamakawa Y., Shimano S., Hashimoto M., Sawada Y., Fujinaga K. The physical state of human papillomavirus 16 DNA in cervical carcinoma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer. 1990 Nov 15;66(10):2155–2161. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19901115)66:10<2155::aid-cncr2820661019>3.0.co;2-q. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gage J. R., Meyers C., Wettstein F. O. The E7 proteins of the nononcogenic human papillomavirus type 6b (HPV-6b) and of the oncogenic HPV-16 differ in retinoblastoma protein binding and other properties. J Virol. 1990 Feb;64(2):723–730. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.2.723-730.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gough N. M. Rapid and quantitative preparation of cytoplasmic RNA from small numbers of cells. Anal Biochem. 1988 Aug 15;173(1):93–95. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(88)90164-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gyllensten U. B., Erlich H. A. Generation of single-stranded DNA by the polymerase chain reaction and its application to direct sequencing of the HLA-DQA locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7652–7656. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.20.7652. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hawley-Nelson P., Vousden K. H., Hubbert N. L., Lowy D. R., Schiller J. T. HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins cooperate to immortalize human foreskin keratinocytes. EMBO J. 1989 Dec 1;8(12):3905–3910. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08570.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Inagaki Y., Tsunokawa Y., Takebe N., Nawa H., Nakanishi S., Terada M., Sugimura T. Nucleotide sequences of cDNAs for human papillomavirus type 18 transcripts in HeLa cells. J Virol. 1988 May;62(5):1640–1646. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.5.1640-1646.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kozak M. Bifunctional messenger RNAs in eukaryotes. Cell. 1986 Nov 21;47(4):481–483. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90609-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kozak M. Effects of intercistronic length on the efficiency of reinitiation by eucaryotic ribosomes. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Oct;7(10):3438–3445. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.10.3438. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kozak M. The scanning model for translation: an update. J Cell Biol. 1989 Feb;108(2):229–241. doi: 10.1083/jcb.108.2.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Matlashewski G., Schneider J., Banks L., Jones N., Murray A., Crawford L. Human papillomavirus type 16 DNA cooperates with activated ras in transforming primary cells. EMBO J. 1987 Jun;6(6):1741–1746. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02426.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Mincheva A., Gissmann L., zur Hausen H. Chromosomal integration sites of human papillomavirus DNA in three cervical cancer cell lines mapped by in situ hybridization. Med Microbiol Immunol. 1987;176(5):245–256. doi: 10.1007/BF00190531. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Münger K., Phelps W. C., Bubb V., Howley P. M., Schlegel R. The E6 and E7 genes of the human papillomavirus type 16 together are necessary and sufficient for transformation of primary human keratinocytes. J Virol. 1989 Oct;63(10):4417–4421. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.10.4417-4421.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Münger K., Werness B. A., Dyson N., Phelps W. C., Harlow E., Howley P. M. Complex formation of human papillomavirus E7 proteins with the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene product. EMBO J. 1989 Dec 20;8(13):4099–4105. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08594.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Münger K., Yee C. L., Phelps W. C., Pietenpol J. A., Moses H. L., Howley P. M. Biochemical and biological differences between E7 oncoproteins of the high- and low-risk human papillomavirus types are determined by amino-terminal sequences. J Virol. 1991 Jul;65(7):3943–3948. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.7.3943-3948.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Palermo-Dilts D. A., Broker T. R., Chow L. T. Human papillomavirus type 1 produces redundant as well as polycistronic mRNAs in plantar warts. J Virol. 1990 Jun;64(6):3144–3149. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.6.3144-3149.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pecoraro G., Morgan D., Defendi V. Differential effects of human papillomavirus type 6, 16, and 18 DNAs on immortalization and transformation of human cervical epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):563–567. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.2.563. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Pirisi L., Yasumoto S., Feller M., Doniger J., DiPaolo J. A. Transformation of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes with human papillomavirus type 16 DNA. J Virol. 1987 Apr;61(4):1061–1066. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.4.1061-1066.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Roggenbuck B., Larsen P. M., Fey S. J., Bartsch D., Gissmann L., Schwarz E. Human papillomavirus type 18 E6*, E6, and E7 protein synthesis in cell-free translation systems and comparison of E6 and E7 in vitro translation products to proteins immunoprecipitated from human epithelial cells. J Virol. 1991 Sep;65(9):5068–5072. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.9.5068-5072.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rohlfs M., Winkenbach S., Meyer S., Rupp T., Dürst M. Viral transcription in human keratinocyte cell lines immortalized by human papillomavirus type-16. Virology. 1991 Jul;183(1):331–342. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90146-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Rotenberg M. O., Chiang C. M., Ho M. L., Broker T. R., Chow L. T. Characterization of cDNAs of spliced HPV-11 E2 mRNA and other HPV mRNAs recovered via retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Virology. 1989 Oct;172(2):468–477. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90189-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rotenberg M. O., Chow L. T., Broker T. R. Characterization of rare human papillomavirus type 11 mRNAs coding for regulatory and structural proteins, using the polymerase chain reaction. Virology. 1989 Oct;172(2):489–497. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90191-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Schneider-Gädicke A., Schwarz E. Different human cervical carcinoma cell lines show similar transcription patterns of human papillomavirus type 18 early genes. EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2285–2292. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04496.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Schwarz E., Freese U. K., Gissmann L., Mayer W., Roggenbuck B., Stremlau A., zur Hausen H. Structure and transcription of human papillomavirus sequences in cervical carcinoma cells. Nature. 1985 Mar 7;314(6006):111–114. doi: 10.1038/314111a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sedman S. A., Barbosa M. S., Vass W. C., Hubbert N. L., Haas J. A., Lowy D. R., Schiller J. T. The full-length E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 16 has transforming and trans-activating activities and cooperates with E7 to immortalize keratinocytes in culture. J Virol. 1991 Sep;65(9):4860–4866. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.9.4860-4866.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Seedorf K., Krämmer G., Dürst M., Suhai S., Röwekamp W. G. Human papillomavirus type 16 DNA sequence. Virology. 1985 Aug;145(1):181–185. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(85)90214-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Smits H. L., Cornelissen M. T., Jebbink M. F., van den Tweel J. G., Struyk A. P., Briët M., ter Schegget J. Human papillomavirus type 16 transcripts expressed from viral-cellular junctions and full-length viral copies in CaSki cells and in a cervical carcinoma. Virology. 1991 Jun;182(2):870–873. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90632-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Smotkin D., Prokoph H., Wettstein F. O. Oncogenic and nononcogenic human genital papillomaviruses generate the E7 mRNA by different mechanisms. J Virol. 1989 Mar;63(3):1441–1447. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.3.1441-1447.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Smotkin D., Wettstein F. O. Transcription of human papillomavirus type 16 early genes in a cervical cancer and a cancer-derived cell line and identification of the E7 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4680–4684. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.13.4680. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Storey A., Pim D., Murray A., Osborn K., Banks L., Crawford L. Comparison of the in vitro transforming activities of human papillomavirus types. EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1815–1820. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03013.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Van Den Brule A. J., Walboomers J. M., Du Maine M., Kenemans P., Meijer C. J. Difference in prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cytomorphologically normal cervical smears is associated with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Cancer. 1991 May 30;48(3):404–408. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910480317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Walboomers J. M., Melchers W. J., Mullink H., Meijer C. J., Struyk A., Quint W. G., van der Noordaa J., ter Schegget J. Sensitivity of in situ detection with biotinylated probes of human papilloma virus type 16 DNA in frozen tissue sections of squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix. Am J Pathol. 1988 Jun;131(3):587–594. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Werness B. A., Levine A. J., Howley P. M. Association of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 E6 proteins with p53. Science. 1990 Apr 6;248(4951):76–79. doi: 10.1126/science.2157286. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Wettstein F. O., Stevens J. G. Variable-sized free episomes of Shope papilloma virus DNA are present in all non-virus-producing neoplasms and integrated episomes are detected in some. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(3):790–794. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.3.790. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. de Villiers E. M. Heterogeneity of the human papillomavirus group. J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4898–4903. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.11.4898-4903.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. van den Brule A. J., Snijders P. J., Gordijn R. L., Bleker O. P., Meijer C. J., Walboomers J. M. General primer-mediated polymerase chain reaction permits the detection of sequenced and still unsequenced human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical scrapes and carcinomas. Int J Cancer. 1990 Apr 15;45(4):644–649. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910450412. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES