Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1992 Aug;66(8):5133–5136. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.8.5133-5136.1992

Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) do not modulate interferon effects in infected lymphocytes.

S Swaminathan 1, B S Huneycutt 1, C S Reiss 1, E Kieff 1
PMCID: PMC241388  PMID: 1321292

Abstract

The recent derivation of otherwise isogenic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recombinants carrying or lacking the EBV small RNA (EBER) genes enabled us to test whether EBERs are similar to adenovirus VA RNAs in modulating interferon (IFN) effects on virus infection. EBER-positive and -negative EBV recombinants did not differ in their sensitivity to alpha interferon (IFN-alpha)- or IFN-gamma-mediated inhibition of lymphocyte growth transformation. In addition, EBERs did not decrease the inhibitory effects of IFN on vesicular stomatitis virus replication in EBV-transformed lymphocytes. EBER deletion also did not render EBV-transformed B lymphocytes susceptible to an IFN effect on cell proliferation or EBV replication.

Full text

PDF
5133

Images in this article

5134Image
on p.5134

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arrand J. R., Rymo L. Characterization of the major Epstein-Barr virus-specific RNA in Burkitt lymphoma-derived cells. J Virol. 1982 Feb;41(2):376–389. doi: 10.1128/jvi.41.2.376-389.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arrand J. R., Young L. S., Tugwood J. D. Two families of sequences in the small RNA-encoding region of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) correlate with EBV types A and B. J Virol. 1989 Feb;63(2):983–986. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.2.983-986.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bhat R. A., Thimmappaya B. Two small RNAs encoded by Epstein-Barr virus can functionally substitute for the virus-associated RNAs in the lytic growth of adenovirus 5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Aug;80(15):4789–4793. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.15.4789. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Clarke P. A., Schwemmle M., Schickinger J., Hilse K., Clemens M. J. Binding of Epstein-Barr virus small RNA EBER-1 to the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase DAI. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Jan 25;19(2):243–248. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.2.243. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Clarke P. A., Sharp N. A., Clemens M. J. Translational control by the Epstein-Barr virus small RNA EBER-1. Reversal of the double-stranded RNA-induced inhibition of protein synthesis in reticulocyte lysates. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Nov 13;193(3):635–641. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19381.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cohen J. I., Wang F., Mannick J., Kieff E. Epstein-Barr virus nuclear protein 2 is a key determinant of lymphocyte transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(23):9558–9562. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.23.9558. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Creager R. S., Whitaker-Dowling P., Frey T. K., Youngner J. S. Varied responses of human B-lymphoblastoid cell lines to infection with vesicular stomatitis virus. Virology. 1982 Sep;121(2):414–419. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(82)90179-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Garner J. G., Hirsch M. S., Schooley R. T. Prevention of Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell outgrowth by interferon alpha. Infect Immun. 1984 Mar;43(3):920–924. doi: 10.1128/iai.43.3.920-924.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kitajewski J., Schneider R. J., Safer B., Munemitsu S. M., Samuel C. E., Thimmappaya B., Shenk T. Adenovirus VAI RNA antagonizes the antiviral action of interferon by preventing activation of the interferon-induced eIF-2 alpha kinase. Cell. 1986 Apr 25;45(2):195–200. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90383-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lerner M. R., Andrews N. C., Miller G., Steitz J. A. Two small RNAs encoded by Epstein-Barr virus and complexed with protein are precipitated by antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):805–809. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.2.805. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Longnecker R., Kieff E. A second Epstein-Barr virus membrane protein (LMP2) is expressed in latent infection and colocalizes with LMP1. J Virol. 1990 May;64(5):2319–2326. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.5.2319-2326.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lotz M., Tsoukas C. D., Fong S., Carson D. A., Vaughan J. H. Regulation of Epstein-Barr virus infection by recombinant interferons. Selected sensitivity to interferon-gamma. Eur J Immunol. 1985 May;15(5):520–525. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830150518. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. O'Malley R. P., Mariano T. M., Siekierka J., Mathews M. B. A mechanism for the control of protein synthesis by adenovirus VA RNAI. Cell. 1986 Feb 14;44(3):391–400. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90460-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rooney C., Howe J. G., Speck S. H., Miller G. Influence of Burkitt's lymphoma and primary B cells on latent gene expression by the nonimmortalizing P3J-HR-1 strain of Epstein-Barr virus. J Virol. 1989 Apr;63(4):1531–1539. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.4.1531-1539.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rosa M. D., Gottlieb E., Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Striking similarities are exhibited by two small Epstein-Barr virus-encoded ribonucleic acids and the adenovirus-associated ribonucleic acids VAI and VAII. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Sep;1(9):785–796. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.9.785. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Siekierka J., Mariano T. M., Reichel P. A., Mathews M. B. Translational control by adenovirus: lack of virus-associated RNAI during adenovirus infection results in phosphorylation of initiation factor eIF-2 and inhibition of protein synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(7):1959–1963. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.7.1959. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Stampfer M., Baltimore D., Huang A. S. Ribonucleic acid synthesis of vesicular stomatitis virus. I. Species of ribonucleic acid found in Chinese hamster ovary cells infected with plaque-forming and defective particles. J Virol. 1969 Aug;4(2):154–161. doi: 10.1128/jvi.4.2.154-161.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Swaminathan S., Tomkinson B., Kieff E. Recombinant Epstein-Barr virus with small RNA (EBER) genes deleted transforms lymphocytes and replicates in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1546–1550. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.4.1546. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Thimmappaya B., Weinberger C., Schneider R. J., Shenk T. Adenovirus VAI RNA is required for efficient translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(3 Pt 2):543–551. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90310-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Toczyski D. P., Steitz J. A. EAP, a highly conserved cellular protein associated with Epstein-Barr virus small RNAs (EBERs). EMBO J. 1991 Feb;10(2):459–466. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07968.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES