Abstract
The natural occurrence of lentiviruses closely related to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in nondomestic felid species is shown here to be worldwide. Cross-reactive antibodies to FIV were common in several free-ranging populations of large cats, including East African lions and cheetahs of the Serengeti ecosystem and in puma (also called cougar or mountain lion) populations throughout North America. Infectious puma lentivirus (PLV) was isolated from several Florida panthers, a severely endangered relict puma subspecies inhabiting the Big Cypress Swamp and Everglades ecosystems in southern Florida. Phylogenetic analysis of PLV genomic sequences from disparate geographic isolates revealed appreciable divergence from domestic cat FIV sequences as well as between PLV sequences found in different North American locales. The level of sequence divergence between PLV and FIV was greater than the level of divergence between human and certain simian immunodeficiency viruses, suggesting that the transmission of FIV between feline species is infrequent and parallels in time the emergence of HIV from simian ancestors.
Full text
PDF










Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Ackley C. D., Hoover E. A., Cooper M. D. Identification of a CD4 homologue in the cat. Tissue Antigens. 1990 Feb;35(2):92–98. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1990.tb01762.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ackley C. D., Yamamoto J. K., Levy N., Pedersen N. C., Cooper M. D. Immunologic abnormalities in pathogen-free cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. J Virol. 1990 Nov;64(11):5652–5655. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.11.5652-5655.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Allan J. S., Short M., Taylor M. E., Su S., Hirsch V. M., Johnson P. R., Shaw G. M., Hahn B. H. Species-specific diversity among simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys. J Virol. 1991 Jun;65(6):2816–2828. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.6.2816-2828.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Desrosiers R. C. HIV-1 origins. A finger on the missing link. Nature. 1990 May 24;345(6273):288–289. doi: 10.1038/345288a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doolittle R. F., Feng D. F., Johnson M. S., McClure M. A. Origins and evolutionary relationships of retroviruses. Q Rev Biol. 1989 Mar;64(1):1–30. doi: 10.1086/416128. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emau P., McClure H. M., Isahakia M., Else J. G., Fultz P. N. Isolation from African Sykes' monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis) of a lentivirus related to human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. J Virol. 1991 Apr;65(4):2135–2140. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.4.2135-2140.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fitch W. M., Margoliash E. Construction of phylogenetic trees. Science. 1967 Jan 20;155(3760):279–284. doi: 10.1126/science.155.3760.279. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fomsgaard A., Hirsch V. M., Allan J. S., Johnson P. R. A highly divergent proviral DNA clone of SIV from a distinct species of African green monkey. Virology. 1991 May;182(1):397–402. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90689-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fultz P. N., McClure H. M., Anderson D. C., Swenson R. B., Anand R., Srinivasan A. Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from naturally infected sooty mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus atys). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5286–5290. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.14.5286. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Garvey K. J., Oberste M. S., Elser J. E., Braun M. J., Gonda M. A. Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of biologically active proviruses of the bovine immunodeficiency-like virus. Virology. 1990 Apr;175(2):391–409. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90424-p. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gojobori T., Moriyama E. N., Ina Y., Ikeo K., Miura T., Tsujimoto H., Hayami M., Yokoyama S. Evolutionary origin of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(11):4108–4111. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.11.4108. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirsch V. M., Olmsted R. A., Murphey-Corb M., Purcell R. H., Johnson P. R. An African primate lentivirus (SIVsm) closely related to HIV-2. Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):389–392. doi: 10.1038/339389a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Huet T., Cheynier R., Meyerhans A., Roelants G., Wain-Hobson S. Genetic organization of a chimpanzee lentivirus related to HIV-1. Nature. 1990 May 24;345(6273):356–359. doi: 10.1038/345356a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson P. R., Fomsgaard A., Allan J., Gravell M., London W. T., Olmsted R. A., Hirsch V. M. Simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys display unusual genetic diversity. J Virol. 1990 Mar;64(3):1086–1092. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.3.1086-1092.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klotz F. W., Cooper M. D. A feline thymocyte antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody (FT2) identifies a subpopulation of non-helper cells capable of specific cytotoxicity. J Immunol. 1986 Apr 1;136(7):2510–2514. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowenstine L. J., Pedersen N. C., Higgins J., Pallis K. C., Uyeda A., Marx P., Lerche N. W., Munn R. J., Gardner M. B. Seroepidemiologic survey of captive Old-World primates for antibodies to human and simian retroviruses, and isolation of a lentivirus from sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys). Int J Cancer. 1986 Oct 15;38(4):563–574. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910380417. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McClure M. A., Johnson M. S., Feng D. F., Doolittle R. F. Sequence comparisons of retroviral proteins: relative rates of change and general phylogeny. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2469–2473. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2469. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murphey-Corb M., Martin L. N., Rangan S. R., Baskin G. B., Gormus B. J., Wolf R. H., Andes W. A., West M., Montelaro R. C. Isolation of an HTLV-III-related retrovirus from macaques with simian AIDS and its possible origin in asymptomatic mangabeys. Nature. 1986 May 22;321(6068):435–437. doi: 10.1038/321435a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Needleman S. B., Wunsch C. D. A general method applicable to the search for similarities in the amino acid sequence of two proteins. J Mol Biol. 1970 Mar;48(3):443–453. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90057-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Brien S. J., Roelke M. E., Marker L., Newman A., Winkler C. A., Meltzer D., Colly L., Evermann J. F., Bush M., Wildt D. E. Genetic basis for species vulnerability in the cheetah. Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1428–1434. doi: 10.1126/science.2983425. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'brien S. J., Mayr E. Bureaucratic mischief: recognizing endangered species and subspecies. Science. 1991 Mar 8;251(4998):1187–1188. doi: 10.1126/science.251.4998.1187. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ohta Y., Masuda T., Tsujimoto H., Ishikawa K., Kodama T., Morikawa S., Nakai M., Honjo S., Hayami M. Isolation of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys and seroepidemiologic survey of the virus in various non-human primates. Int J Cancer. 1988 Jan 15;41(1):115–122. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910410121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Olmsted R. A., Barnes A. K., Yamamoto J. K., Hirsch V. M., Purcell R. H., Johnson P. R. Molecular cloning of feline immunodeficiency virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2448–2452. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.7.2448. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Olmsted R. A., Hirsch V. M., Purcell R. H., Johnson P. R. Nucleotide sequence analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus: genome organization and relationship to other lentiviruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(20):8088–8092. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.20.8088. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pedersen N. C., Ho E. W., Brown M. L., Yamamoto J. K. Isolation of a T-lymphotropic virus from domestic cats with an immunodeficiency-like syndrome. Science. 1987 Feb 13;235(4790):790–793. doi: 10.1126/science.3643650. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peeters M., Honoré C., Huet T., Bedjabaga L., Ossari S., Bussi P., Cooper R. W., Delaporte E. Isolation and partial characterization of an HIV-related virus occurring naturally in chimpanzees in Gabon. AIDS. 1989 Oct;3(10):625–630. doi: 10.1097/00002030-198910000-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Phillips T. R., Talbott R. L., Lamont C., Muir S., Lovelace K., Elder J. H. Comparison of two host cell range variants of feline immunodeficiency virus. J Virol. 1990 Oct;64(10):4605–4613. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.10.4605-4613.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reitz M. S., Jr, Streicher H. Z., Gallo R. C. Gallo's virus sequence. Nature. 1991 May 30;351(6325):358–358. doi: 10.1038/351358a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rojko J. L., Kociba G. J., Abkowitz J. L., Hamilton K. L., Hardy W. D., Jr, Ihle J. N., O'Brien S. J. Feline lymphomas: immunological and cytochemical characterization. Cancer Res. 1989 Jan 15;49(2):345–351. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yamamoto J. K., Sparger E., Ho E. W., Andersen P. R., O'Connor T. P., Mandell C. P., Lowenstine L., Munn R., Pedersen N. C. Pathogenesis of experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats. Am J Vet Res. 1988 Aug;49(8):1246–1258. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]