Abstract
A public swimming beach in Madison, wis., experienced intermittent high fecal coliform counts during the late summer and early fall of 1978. Public health officials closed the beach on a number of occasions. A public health survey identified a combination of waterfowl wastes and meteorological events as the explanation for the high bacteria counts. Fecal coliform bacteria were deposited by mallard ducks and multiplied in the beach sands. The bacteria were subsequently transported into the lake and resulted in high fecal coliform counts in the swimming area.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BIDWELL M. H., KELLY C. B., Jr Ducks and shellfish sanitation. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1950 Aug;40(8):923–928. doi: 10.2105/ajph.40.8.923. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brierley J. A., Brandvold D. K., Popp C. J. Waterfowl refuse effect on water quality: I. Bacterial populations. J Water Pollut Control Fed. 1975 Jul;47(7):1892–1900. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- COOPER K. E., RAMADAN F. M. Studies in the differentiation between human and animal pollution by means of faecal streptococci. J Gen Microbiol. 1955 Apr;12(2):180–190. doi: 10.1099/00221287-12-2-180. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuhs O. W. A probabilistic model of bathing beach safety. Sci Total Environ. 1975 Jul;4(2):165–175. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(75)90037-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hussong D., Damaré J. M., Limpert R. J., Sladen W. J., Weiner R. M., Colwell R. R. Microbial impact of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and whistling swans (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) on aquatic ecosystems. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Jan;37(1):14–20. doi: 10.1128/aem.37.1.14-20.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inhorn S. L., Jorgenson T., Thompson D. I. A bacteriologic study of Madison area beaches. Wis Med J. 1973 Aug;72(8):12–15. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- STEVENSON A. H. Studies of bathing water quality and health. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1953 May;43(5 Pt 1):529–538. doi: 10.2105/ajph.43.5_pt_1.529. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]