Abstract
The global analysis of proteins is now feasible due to improvements in techniques such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), mass spectrometry, yeast two-hybrid systems and the development of bioinformatics applications. The experiments form the basis of proteomics, and present significant challenges in data analysis, storage and querying. We argue that a standard format for proteome data is required to enable the storage, exchange and subsequent re-analysis of large datasets. We describe the criteria that must be met for the development of a standard for proteomics. We have developed a model to represent data from 2-DE experiments, including difference gel electrophoresis along with image analysis and statistical analysis across multiple gels. This part of proteomics analysis is not represented in current proposals for proteomics standards. We are working with the Proteomics Standards Initiative to develop a model encompassing biological sample origin, experimental protocols, a number of separation techniques and mass spectrometry. The standard format will facilitate the development of central repositories of data, enabling results to be verified or re-analysed, and the correlation of results produced by different research groups using a variety of laboratory techniques.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (191.7 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aebersold Ruedi, Mann Matthias. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Nature. 2003 Mar 13;422(6928):198–207. doi: 10.1038/nature01511. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brazma A., Hingamp P., Quackenbush J., Sherlock G., Spellman P., Stoeckert C., Aach J., Ansorge W., Ball C. A., Causton H. C. Minimum information about a microarray experiment (MIAME)-toward standards for microarray data. Nat Genet. 2001 Dec;29(4):365–371. doi: 10.1038/ng1201-365. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brazma A., Robinson A., Cameron G., Ashburner M. One-stop shop for microarray data. Nature. 2000 Feb 17;403(6771):699–700. doi: 10.1038/35001676. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoogland C., Sanchez J. C., Tonella L., Binz P. A., Bairoch A., Hochstrasser D. F., Appel R. D. The 1999 SWISS-2DPAGE database update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):286–288. doi: 10.1093/nar/28.1.286. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mann M., Hendrickson R. C., Pandey A. Analysis of proteins and proteomes by mass spectrometry. Annu Rev Biochem. 2001;70:437–473. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.70.1.437. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maurer S. M., Firestone R. B., Scriver C. R. Science's neglected legacy. Nature. 2000 May 11;405(6783):117–120. doi: 10.1038/35012169. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orchard Sandra, Kersey Paul, Hermjakob Henning, Apweiler Rolf. The HUPO Proteomics Standards Initiative Meeting: Towards Common Standards for Exchanging Proteomics Data. Comp Funct Genomics. 2003;4(1):16–19. doi: 10.1002/cfg.232. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orchard Sandra, Kersey Paul, Zhu Weimin, Montecchi-Palazzi Luisa, Hermjakob Henning, Apweiler Rolf. Progress in Establishing Common Standards for Exchanging Proteomics Data: The Second Meeting of the HUPO Proteomics Standards Initiative. Comp Funct Genomics. 2003;4(2):203–206. doi: 10.1002/cfg.279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stoeckert Christian J., Jr, Parkinson Helen. The MGED ontology: a framework for describing functional genomics experiments. Comp Funct Genomics. 2003;4(1):127–132. doi: 10.1002/cfg.234. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Taylor Chris F., Paton Norman W., Garwood Kevin L., Kirby Paul D., Stead David A., Yin Zhikang, Deutsch Eric W., Selway Laura, Walker Janet, Riba-Garcia Isabel. A systematic approach to modeling, capturing, and disseminating proteomics experimental data. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 Mar;21(3):247–254. doi: 10.1038/nbt0303-247. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tyers Mike, Mann Matthias. From genomics to proteomics. Nature. 2003 Mar 13;422(6928):193–197. doi: 10.1038/nature01510. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Unlü M., Morgan M. E., Minden J. S. Difference gel electrophoresis: a single gel method for detecting changes in protein extracts. Electrophoresis. 1997 Oct;18(11):2071–2077. doi: 10.1002/elps.1150181133. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
