Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1973 Jul;115(1):98–106. doi: 10.1128/jb.115.1.98-106.1973

Uptake and Utilization of Glutamic Acid by Cryptococcus albidus

S L Tang 1, D H Howard 1
PMCID: PMC246218  PMID: 4717525

Abstract

Cryptococcus albidus utilizes glutamate as a sole carbon source. The kinetics of uptake of this amino acid were studied. l-Glutamic acid was taken up by two saturable systems: a high affinity system with a Michaelis constant (Km) of 1.15 × 10−5 M and a Vmax of 0.049 μmol per mg per h and a low affinity system with a Km of 2.5 × 10−3 M and a Vmax of 3.61 μmol per mg per h. Both systems possessed characteristics of active transport which were dependent on temperature and pH and which required metabolic energy. Uptake was inhibited at 37 C but the temperature-sensitive step was reversible. Chemical fractionation of cells with 5% trichloroacetic acid showed that glutamic acid initially entered a soluble pool which decreased after 1 h as the amino acid was incorporated into the protein and nucleic acid fractions of the yeast. Some of the glutamate was completely oxidized and could be recovered as 14CO2. Therefore, the amino acid was also used as an energy source.

Full text

PDF
98

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AKEDO H., CHRISTENSEN H. N. Nature of insulin action on amino acid uptake by the isolated diaphragm. J Biol Chem. 1962 Jan;237:118–122. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. AMES G. F. UPTAKE OF AMINO ACIDS BY SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1964 Jan;104:1–18. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9861(64)80028-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Benko P. V., Wood T. C., Segel I. H. Multiplicity and regulation of amino acid transport in Penicillium chrysogenum. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1969 Feb;129(2):498–508. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(69)90207-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Crabeel M., Grenson M. Regulation of histidine uptake by specific feedback inhibition of two histidine permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem. 1970 May 1;14(1):197–204. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb00278.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Friede J. D., Gilboe D. P., Triebwasser K. C., Henderson L. M. Transport of lysine and hydroxylysine in Streptococcus faecalis. J Bacteriol. 1972 Jan;109(1):179–185. doi: 10.1128/jb.109.1.179-185.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gilbert B. E., Howard D. H. Uptake of Cystine by the Yeast Phase of Histoplasma capsulatum. Infect Immun. 1970 Aug;2(2):139–144. doi: 10.1128/iai.2.2.139-144.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gits J. J., Grenson M. Multiplicity of the amino acid permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 3. Evidence for a specific methionine-transporting system. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967 Jul 3;135(3):507–516. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(67)90040-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Grenson M., Hou C., Crabeel M. Multiplicity of the amino acid permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. IV. Evidence for a general amino acid permease. J Bacteriol. 1970 Sep;103(3):770–777. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.3.770-777.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Grenson M., Mousset M., Wiame J. M., Bechet J. Multiplicity of the amino acid permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Evidence for a specific arginine-transporting system. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966 Oct 31;127(2):325–338. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(66)90387-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grenson M. Multiplicity of the amino acid permeases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. II. Evidence for a specific lysine-transporting system. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966 Oct 31;127(2):339–346. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(66)90388-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gross W., Ring K. Active transport of glutamate in Streptomyces hydrogenans. I. Studies on uptake and pool size, and their interrelationship. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Jun 1;233(3):652–665. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90165-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gupta R. K., Howard D. H. Comparative physiologial studies of the yeast and mycelial forms of Histoplasma capsulaum: uptake and incorporation of L-leucine. J Bacteriol. 1971 Mar;105(3):690–700. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.3.690-700.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gupta R. K., Pramer D. Amino acid transport by the filamentous fungus Arthrobotrys conoides. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jul;103(1):120–130. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.1.120-130.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gupta R. K., Pramer D. Metabolism of valine by the filamentous fungus Arthrobotrys conoides. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jul;103(1):131–139. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.1.131-139.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Halpern Y. S., Even-Shoshan A. Properties of the glutamate transport system in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1967 Mar;93(3):1009–1016. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.3.1009-1016.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hunter D. R., Segel I. H. Acidic and basic amino acid transport systems of Penicillium chrysogenum. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1971 May;144(1):168–183. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(71)90466-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Joiris C. R., Grenson M. Spécificité et régulation d'une perméase des acis aminés dicarboxyliques chez "Saccharomyces crevisiae". Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1969 Feb;77(1):154–156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kay W. W., Gronlund A. F. Proline transport by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969;193(2):444–455. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90203-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. LITTMAN M. L. Capsule synthesis by Cryptococcus neoformans. Trans N Y Acad Sci. 1958 May;20(7):623–648. doi: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1958.tb00625.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Magaña-Schwencke N., Schwencke J. A proline transport system in Saccharomyces chevalieri. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Mar 11;173(2):313–323. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90114-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Magill C. W., Sweeney H., Woodward V. W. Histidine uptake in strains of Neurospora crassa with normal and mutant transport systems. J Bacteriol. 1972 Apr;110(1):313–320. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.1.313-320.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Pall M. L. Amino acid transport in Neurospora crassa. 3. Acidic amino acid transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Sep 15;211(3):513–520. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90256-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Pall M. L. Amino acid transport in Neurospora crassa. I. Properties of two amino acid transport systems. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Jan 28;173(1):113–127. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90042-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Pall M. L. Amino acid transport in Neurospora crassa. II. Properties of a basic amino acid transport system. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Mar 17;203(1):139–149. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90044-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Pall M. L. Amino acid transport in Neurospora crassa. IV. Properties and regulation of a methionine transport system. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Mar 9;233(1):201–214. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90372-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Reid K. G., Utech N. M., Holden J. T. Multiple transport components for dicarboxylic amino acids in Streptococcus faecalis. J Biol Chem. 1970 Oct 25;245(20):5261–5272. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Surdin Y., Sly W., Sire J., Bordes A. M., Robichon-Szulmajster H. Propriétés et contrôle génétique du système d'accumulation des acides aminés chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1965 Oct 18;107(3):546–566. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Utech N. M., Reid K. G., Holden J. T. Properties of a dicarboxylic amino acid transport-deficient mutant of Streptococcus faecalis. J Biol Chem. 1970 Oct 25;245(20):5273–5280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Yabu K. Amino acid transport in Mycobacterium smegmatis. J Bacteriol. 1970 Apr;102(1):6–13. doi: 10.1128/jb.102.1.6-13.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES