Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1974 Mar;117(3):1280–1288. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.3.1280-1288.1974

Growth of Ribonucleic Acid Bacteriophage f2 in a Conditional Putrescine Auxotroph of Escherichia coli: Evidence for a Polyamine Role in Translation

Delano V Young 1, P R Srinivasan 1
PMCID: PMC246611  PMID: 4591952

Abstract

The ribonucleic acid (RNA) bacteriophage, f2, grows poorly in a conditional putrescine auxotroph during polyamine starvation. The addition of putrescine simultaneously with f2 enhances phage growth, shortens the latent period, and increases the burst size. The stimulation of f2 growth is reflected in higher rates of phage RNA and protein syntheses as measured by radioactive labeling of infected cells in the presence of rifampin. Putrescine does not affect f2 adsorption or the penetration of its RNA. Rather, in vitro assays demonstrate that in putrescine-supplemented cells more molecules of f2 replicase are made per incoming parental RNA than in polyamine-starved cultures. The ability of polyamines to stimulate the translation of a preformed messenger suggests a physiological role for these organic cations in normal protein synthesis.

Full text

PDF
1280

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AUGUST J. T., SHAPIRO L., EOYANG L. REPLICATION OF RNA VIRUSES I. CHARACTERIZATION OF A VIRAL RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE. J Mol Biol. 1965 Feb;11:257–271. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(65)80056-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blumenthal T., Landers T. A., Weber K. Bacteriophage Q replicase contains the protein biosynthesis elongation factors EF Tu and EF Ts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 May;69(5):1313–1317. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.5.1313. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CAMPBELL A. Sensitive mutants of bacteriophage lambda. Virology. 1961 May;14:22–32. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(61)90128-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. DAVIS B. D., MINGIOLI E. S. Mutants of Escherichia coli requiring methionine or vitamin B12. J Bacteriol. 1950 Jul;60(1):17–28. doi: 10.1128/jb.60.1.17-28.1950. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dion A. S., Cohen S. S. Polyamine stimulation of nucleic acid synthesis in an uninfected and phage-infected polyamine auxotroph of Escherichia coli K12 (arginine-agmatine ureohydrolase-putrescine-spermidine-lysine-cadaverine). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jan;69(1):213–217. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.1.213. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Engelberg H. Inhibition of RNA bacteriophage replication by rifampicin. J Mol Biol. 1972 Jul 28;68(3):541–546. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90107-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fedoroff N. V., Zinder N. D. Structure of the poly(G) polymerase component of the bacteriophage f2 replicase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Aug;68(8):1838–1843. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.8.1838. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fromageot H. P., Zinder N. D. Growth of bacteriophage f2 in E. coli treated with rifampicin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Sep;61(1):184–191. doi: 10.1073/pnas.61.1.184. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hirshfield I. N., Rosenfeld H. J., Leifer Z., Maas W. K. Isolation and characterization of a mutant of Escherichia coli blocked in the synthesis of putrescine. J Bacteriol. 1970 Mar;101(3):725–730. doi: 10.1128/jb.101.3.725-730.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kozak M., Nathans D. Translation of the genome of a ribonucleic acid bacteriophage. Bacteriol Rev. 1972 Mar;36(1):109–134. doi: 10.1128/br.36.1.109-134.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LODISH H. F., COOPER S., ZINDER N. D. HOST-DEPENDENT MUTANTS OF THE BACTERIOPHAGE F2. IV. ON THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF A VIRAL RNA POLYMERASE. Virology. 1964 Sep;24:60–70. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(64)90148-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. LOEB T., ZINDER N. D. A bacteriophage containing RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1961 Mar 15;47:282–289. doi: 10.1073/pnas.47.3.282. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lancini G. C., Sartori G. Rifamycins LXI: in vivo inhibition of RNA synthesis of rifamycins. Experientia. 1968 Nov 15;24(11):1105–1106. doi: 10.1007/BF02147783. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Moyer R. W., Buchanan J. M. Effect of calcium ions on synthesis of T5-specific proteins. J Biol Chem. 1970 Nov 25;245(22):5897–5903. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Nathans D., Oeschger M. P., Polmar S. K., Eggen K. Regulation of protein synthesis directed by coliphage MS2 RNA. I. Phage protein and RNA synthesis in cells infected with suppressible mutants. J Mol Biol. 1969 Jan;39(2):279–292. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90317-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Paranchych W. Stages in phage R17 infection: the role of divalent cations. Virology. 1966 Jan;28(1):90–99. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(66)90309-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Stavis R. L., August J. T. The biochemistry of RNA bacteriophage replication. Annu Rev Biochem. 1970;39:527–560. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.39.070170.002523. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sugiyama T. Translational control of MS2 RNA cistrons. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1969;34:687–694. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1969.034.01.078. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Umezawa H., Mizuno S., Yamazaki H., Nitta K. Inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis by rifamycins. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1968 Mar;21(3):234–236. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.21.234. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Webster R. E., Engelhardt D. L., Zinder N. D., Konigsberg W. Amber mutants and chain termination in vitro. J Mol Biol. 1967 Oct 14;29(1):27–43. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90179-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Young D. V., Srinivasan P. R. Regulation of macromolecular synthesis by putrescine in a conditional Escherichia coli putrescine auxotroph. J Bacteriol. 1972 Oct;112(1):30–39. doi: 10.1128/jb.112.1.30-39.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Zinder N. D. RNA phages. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1965;19:455–472. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.19.100165.002323. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES