Abstract
The influence of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein synthesis on the replication of the cloacinogenic factor Clo DF13 was studied in Escherichia coli cells and minicells. In chromosomeless minicells harboring the Clo DF13 factor, Clo DF13 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis is slightly stimulated after inhibition of protein synthesis by chloramphenicol or puromycin and continues for more than 8 h. When minicells were treated with rifampin, a specific inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, Clo DF13 RNA and DNA synthesis appeared to stop abruptly. In cells, the Clo DF13 factor continues to replicate during treatment with chloramphenicol long after chromosomal DNA synthesis ceases. When rifampin was included during chloramphenicol treatment of cells, synthesis of Clo DF13 plasmid DNA was blocked completely. Isolated, supercoiled Clo DF13 DNA, synthesized in cells or minicells in the presence of chloramphenicol, appeared to be sensitive to ribonuclease and alkali treatment. These treatments convert a relatively large portion of the covalently closed Clo DF13 DNA to the open circular form, whereas supercoiled Clo DF13 DNA, isolated from non-chloramphenicol-treated cells or minicells, is not significantly affected by these treatments. These results indicate that RNA synthesis and specifically Clo DF13 RNA synthesis are involved in Clo DF13 DNA replication and that the covalently closed Clo DF13 DNA, synthesized in the presence of chloramphenicol, contains one or more RNA sequences. De novo synthesis of chromosomal and Clo DF13-specific proteins is not required for the replication of the Clo DF13 factor. Supercoiled Clo DF13 DNA, isolated from a polA107 (Clo DF13) strain which lacks the 5′ → 3′ exonucleolytic activity of DNA polymerase I, is insensitive to ribonuclease or alkali treatment, indicating that in this mutant the RNA sequences are still removed from the RNA-DNA hybrid.
Full text
PDF









Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Adler H. I., Fisher W. D., Cohen A., Hardigree A. A. MINIATURE escherichia coli CELLS DEFICIENT IN DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Feb;57(2):321–326. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.2.321. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bazaral M., Helinski D. R. Replication of a bacterial plasmid and an episome in Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1970 Jan 20;9(2):399–406. doi: 10.1021/bi00804a029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blair D. G., Sherratt D. J., Clewell D. B., Helinski D. R. Isolation of supercoiled colicinogenic factor E 1 DNA sensitive to ribonuclease and alkali. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Sep;69(9):2518–2522. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.9.2518. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Boon T. Inactivation of ribosomes in vitro by colicin E 3 and its mechanism of action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Mar;69(3):549–552. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.3.549. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brutlag D., Schekman R., Kornberg A. A possible role for RNA polymerase in the initiation of M13 DNA synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Nov;68(11):2826–2829. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.11.2826. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- CURTIS S. R., 3rd CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MUTATIONS TO BACTERIOPHAGE RESISTANCE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Bacteriol. 1965 Jan;89:28–40. doi: 10.1128/jb.89.1.28-40.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B., Evenchik B. G. Effects of rifampicin, streptolydigin and actinomycin D on the replication of Col E1 plasmid DNA in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1973 Apr 15;75(3):503–513. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90457-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B., Evenchik B., Cranston J. W. Direct inhibition of Col E 1 plasmid DNA replication in Escherichia coli by rifampicin. Nat New Biol. 1972 May 3;237(70):29–31. doi: 10.1038/newbio237029a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B., Helinski D. R. Effect of growth conditions on the formation of the relaxation complex of supercoiled ColE1 deoxyribonucleic acid and protein in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1972 Jun;110(3):1135–1146. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.3.1135-1146.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B., Helinski D. R. Supercoiled circular DNA-protein complex in Escherichia coli: purification and induced conversion to an opern circular DNA form. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Apr;62(4):1159–1166. doi: 10.1073/pnas.62.4.1159. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B. Nature of Col E 1 plasmid replication in Escherichia coli in the presence of the chloramphenicol. J Bacteriol. 1972 May;110(2):667–676. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.2.667-676.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Durkacz B. W., Sherratt D. J. Segregation kinetics of colicinogenic factor col E1 from a bacterial population temperature sensitive for DNA polymerase I. Mol Gen Genet. 1973;121(1):71–75. doi: 10.1007/BF00353694. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Glickman B. W., van Sluis C. A., Heijneker H. L., Rörsch A. A mutant of Escherichia coli K12 deficient in the 5'-3' exonucleolytic activity of DNA polymerase I. I. General characterization. Mol Gen Genet. 1973 Jul 31;124(1):69–82. doi: 10.1007/BF00267166. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goebel W. Replication of the DNA of the colicinogenic factor E 1 (Col E 1 ) at the restrictive temperature in a DNA replication mutant thermosensitive for DNA polymerase. 3. Nat New Biol. 1972 May 17;237(72):67–70. doi: 10.1038/newbio237067a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goebel W., Schrempf H. Replication of the minicircular DNA of E. coli 15 is dependent on DNA polymerase I but independent of DNA polymerase 3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1972 Oct 17;49(2):591–600. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90452-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heijneker H. L., Ellens D. J., Tjeerde R. H., Glickman B. W., van Dorp B., Pouwels P. H. A mutant of Escherichia coli K12 deficient in the 5'-3' exonucleolytic activity of DNA polymerase I. II. Purification and properties of the mutant enzyme. Mol Gen Genet. 1973 Jul 31;124(1):83–96. doi: 10.1007/BF00267167. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirose S., Okazaki R., Tamanoi F. Mechanism of DNA chain growth. XI. Structure of RNA-linked DNA fragments of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1973 Jul 15;77(4):501–517. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90219-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Keller W. RNA-primed DNA synthesis in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jun;69(6):1560–1564. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.6.1560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kingsbury D. T., Helinski D. R. DNA polymerase as a requirement for the maintenance of the bacterial plasmid colicinogenic factor E1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1970 Dec 24;41(6):1538–1544. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90562-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kingsbury D. T., Helinski D. R. Temperature-sensitive mutants for the replication of plasmids in Escherichia coli: requirement for deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I in the replication of the plasmid ColE 1 . J Bacteriol. 1973 Jun;114(3):1116–1124. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.3.1116-1124.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kline B. C. Role of DNA transcription in the initiation of Escherichia coli sex factor (F) DNA replication. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Jan 23;50(2):280–288. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)90837-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kool A. J., Pranger M., Nijkamp H. J. Proteins synthesized by a non-induced bacteriocinogenic factor in minicells of Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet. 1972;115(4):314–323. doi: 10.1007/BF00333170. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kool A. J., van Zeben M. S., Nijkamp H. J. Identification of messenger ribonucleic acids and proteins synthesized by the bacteriocinogenic factor Clo DF13 in purified minicells of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1974 Apr;118(1):213–224. doi: 10.1128/jb.118.1.213-224.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lark K. G. Evidence for the direct involvement of RNA in the initiation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli 15T. J Mol Biol. 1972 Feb 28;64(1):47–60. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90320-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Messing J., Staudenbauer W. L., Hofschneider P. H. Inhibition of minicircular DNA replication in Escherichia coli 15 by rifampicin. Nat New Biol. 1972 Aug 16;238(85):202–203. doi: 10.1038/newbio238202a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miyaki M., Koide K., Ono T. RNase and alkali sensitivity of closed circular mitochondrial DNA of rat ascites hepatoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Jan 23;50(2):252–258. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)90833-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Radloff R., Bauer W., Vinograd J. A dye-buoyant-density method for the detection and isolation of closed circular duplex DNA: the closed circular DNA in HeLa cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 May;57(5):1514–1521. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.5.1514. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roozen K. J., Fenwick R. G., Jr, Curtiss R., 3rd Synthesis of ribonucleic acid and protein in plasmid-containing minicells of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1971 Jul;107(1):21–33. doi: 10.1128/jb.107.1.21-33.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roychoudhury R., Kössel H. Transcriptional role in DNA replication: degradation of RNA primer during DNA synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Jan 23;50(2):259–265. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)90834-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Senior B. W., Holland I. B. Effect of colicin E3 upon the 30S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 May;68(5):959–963. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.5.959. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staudenbauer W. L., Hofschneider P. H. Replication of bacteriophage M 13: inhibition of single-strand DNA synthesis by rifampicin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jun;69(6):1634–1637. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.6.1634. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stouthamer A. H., Tieze G. A. Bacteriocin production by members of the genus Klebsiella. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1966;32(2):171–182. doi: 10.1007/BF02097457. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sugino A., Hirose S., Okazaki R. RNA-linked nascent DNA fragments in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jul;69(7):1863–1867. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.7.1863. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tieze G. A., Stouthamer A. H., Jansz H. S., Zandberg J., van Bruggen E. F. A bacteriocinogenic factor of Enterobacter cloacae. Mol Gen Genet. 1969;106(1):48–65. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Veltkamp E., Nijkamp H. J. The role of DNA polymerase I, II and 3 in the replication of the bacteriocinogenic factor Clo DF 13. Mol Gen Genet. 1973 Sep 27;125(4):329–340. doi: 10.1007/BF00276588. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickner W., Brutlag D., Schekman R., Kornberg A. RNA synthesis initiates in vitro conversion of M13 DNA to its replicative form. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Apr;69(4):965–969. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.4.965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wovcha M. G., Warner H. R. Synthesis and nucleolytic degradation of uracil-containing deoxyribonucleic acid by Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. I. J Biol Chem. 1973 Mar 10;248(5):1746–1750. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- de Graaf F. K., Niekus H. G., Klootwijk J. Inactivation of bacterial ribosomes in vivo and in vitro by cloacin DF13. FEBS Lett. 1973 Sep 1;35(1):161–165. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(73)80601-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]