Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1974 Jun;118(3):855–866. doi: 10.1128/jb.118.3.855-866.1974

Round of Replication Mutant of a Drug Resistance Factor

C F Morris a,1, H Hashimoto a,2, S Mickel a,3, R Rownd a
PMCID: PMC246833  PMID: 4598007

Abstract

A derivative of the R factor NR1 (called R12) has been isolated which undergoes an increased number of rounds of replication each division cycle in Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. The alteration resulting in the increased number of copies (round of replication mutation) is associated with the transfer factor component of the R factor. R12 has the same drug resistance pattern as NR1, is the same size as shown by sedimentation in a sucrose gradient and electron microscopy (63 × 106 daltons), and has the same partial denaturation map. The level of the R factor gene product chloramphenicol acetyltransferase has been examined in P. mirabilis and was found to be consistent with gene dosage effects. The plasmid to chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid ratio of NR1 increases several fold after entry into stationary phase, whereas this ratio for R12 remains approximately constant. Individual copies of R12 are selected at random for replication from a multicopy plasmid pool. A smaller percentage of R12 copies replicate during amino acid starvation than has previously been found for NR1 in similar experiments.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Clewell D. B., Helinski D. E. Existence of the colicinogenic factor-sex factor ColI-b-P9 as a supercoiled circular DNA-protein relaxation complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1970 Oct 9;41(1):150–156. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90481-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Clewell D. B., Helinski D. R. Properties of a supercoiled deoxyribonucleic acid-protein relaxation complex and strand specificity of the relaxation event. Biochemistry. 1970 Oct 27;9(22):4428–4440. doi: 10.1021/bi00824a026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Clowes R. C. Molecular structure of bacterial plasmids. Bacteriol Rev. 1972 Sep;36(3):361–405. doi: 10.1128/br.36.3.361-405.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cohen S. N., Miller C. A. Non-chromosomal antibiotic resistance in bacteria. II. Molecular nature of R-factors isolated from Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1970 Jun 28;50(3):671–687. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90092-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cooper S., Helmstetter C. E. Chromosome replication and the division cycle of Escherichia coli B/r. J Mol Biol. 1968 Feb 14;31(3):519–540. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(68)90425-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Franklin T. J., Rownd R. R-factor-mediated resistance to tetracycline in Proteus mirabilis. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jul;115(1):235–242. doi: 10.1128/jb.115.1.235-242.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Freifelder D., Folkmanis A., Kirschner I. Studies on Escherichia coli sex factors: evidence that covalent circles exist within cells and the general problem of isolation of covalent circles. J Bacteriol. 1971 Mar;105(3):722–727. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.3.722-727.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Freifelder D. Molecular weights of coliphages and coliphage DNA. IV. Molecular weights of DNA from bacteriophages T4, T5 and T7 and the general problem of determination of M. J Mol Biol. 1970 Dec 28;54(3):567–577. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90127-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hershberger C., Mickel S., Rownd R. Asymmetric distribution of guanine plus thymine between complementary strands of deoxyribonucleic acid of members of the Enterobacteriaceae. J Bacteriol. 1971 Apr;106(1):238–242. doi: 10.1128/jb.106.1.238-242.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Inman R. B., Schnös M. Partial denaturation of thymine- and 5-bromouracil-containing lambda DNA in alkali. J Mol Biol. 1970 Apr 14;49(1):93–98. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90378-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Inman R. B. Some factors affecting electron microscopic length of deoxyribonucleic acid. J Mol Biol. 1967 Apr 28;25(2):209–216. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90138-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kasamatsu H., Rownd R. Replication of R-factors in Proteus mirabilis: replication under relaxed control. J Mol Biol. 1970 Aug;51(3):473–489. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90002-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kiger J. A., Jr, Young E. T., 2nd, Sinsheimer R. L. Purification and properties of intracellular lamba DNA rings. J Mol Biol. 1968 Apr 28;33(2):395–413. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(68)90197-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kopecko D. J., Punch J. D. The problems of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Regulation of R-factor replication in Proteus mirabilis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1971 Jun 11;182:201–216. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30657.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lang D., Bujard H., Wolff B., Russell D. Electron microscopy of size and shape of viral DNA in solutions of different ionic strengths. J Mol Biol. 1967 Jan 28;23(2):163–181. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(67)80024-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Leighton S. B., Rubenstein I. Calibration of molecular weight scales for DNA. J Mol Biol. 1969 Dec 14;46(2):313–328. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90424-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Nakaya R., Rownd R. Transduction of R factors by a Proteus mirabilis bacteriophage. J Bacteriol. 1971 Jun;106(3):773–783. doi: 10.1128/jb.106.3.773-783.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nordström K., Ingram L. C., Lundbäck A. Mutations in R factors of Escherichia coli causing an increased number of R-factor copies per chromosome. J Bacteriol. 1972 May;110(2):562–569. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.2.562-569.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Novick R. P. Extrachromosomal inheritance in bacteria. Bacteriol Rev. 1969 Jun;33(2):210–263. doi: 10.1128/br.33.2.210-263.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Radloff R., Bauer W., Vinograd J. A dye-buoyant-density method for the detection and isolation of closed circular duplex DNA: the closed circular DNA in HeLa cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 May;57(5):1514–1521. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.5.1514. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rownd R., Kasamatsu H., Mickel S. The molecular nature and replication of drug resistance factors of the Enterobacteriaceae. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1971 Jun 11;182:188–206. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30656.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rownd R., Mickel S. Dissociation and reassociation of RTF and r-determinants of the R-factor NR1 in Proteus mirabilis. Nat New Biol. 1971 Nov 10;234(45):40–43. doi: 10.1038/newbio234040a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Rownd R., Nakaya R., Nakamura A. Molecular nature of the drug-resistance factors of the Enterobacteriaceae. J Mol Biol. 1966 Jun;17(2):376–393. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(66)80149-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Rownd R., Perlman D., Hashimoto H., Mickel S., Applebaum E., Taylor D. Dissociation and reassociation of the transfer factor and resistance determinants of R factors as a mechanism of gene amplification in bacteria. Johns Hopkins Med J Suppl. 1973;2:115–128. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rownd R. Replication of a bacterial episome under relaxed control. J Mol Biol. 1969 Sep 28;44(3):387–402. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90368-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. SCHAECHTER M., MAALOE O., KJELDGAARD N. O. Dependency on medium and temperature of cell size and chemical composition during balanced grown of Salmonella typhimurium. J Gen Microbiol. 1958 Dec;19(3):592–606. doi: 10.1099/00221287-19-3-592. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Shaw W. V. The enzymatic acetylation of chloramphenicol by extracts of R factor-resistant Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1967 Feb 25;242(4):687–693. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Shaw W. V. The problems of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Comparative enzymology of chloramphenicol resistance. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1971 Jun 11;182:234–242. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30660.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Terawaki Y., Rownd R. Replication of the R factor Rts1 in Proteus mirabilis. J Bacteriol. 1972 Feb;109(2):492–498. doi: 10.1128/jb.109.2.492-498.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Vinograd J., Lebowitz J. Physical and topological properties of circular DNA. J Gen Physiol. 1966 Jul;49(6):103–125. doi: 10.1085/jgp.49.6.103. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES