Abstract
Genetic stability of R factors was studied in Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 and Escherichia coli K-12. It was found that fi+ R [or R(f)] factors were unstable in LT-2, losing their drug-resistance markers at high frequencies, and were stable in K-12; fi− R [or R(i)] factors were stable in both hosts. Both fi+ and fi− R factors were genetically stable also in recombination-deficient mutants of K-12. An fi+ R factor, which was unstable in S. typhimurium LT-2 wild type, was relatively stable in a recombination-deficient mutant of LT-2. In the spontaneous loss of the drug-resistance markers of fi+ R factors in LT-2, the markers for sulfanilamide, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol resistance were lost together at high frequencies and the tetracycline marker was retained stably. The remaining drug-resistance markers of the spontaneous segregants of LT-2 were transmissible to K-12 by mixed cultivation, indicating that they were still in the form of R factors.
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