Skip to main content
PMC home page
Bulletin of the World Health Organization logoLink to Bulletin of the World Health Organization
. 1967;36(2):303–308.

The haemolytic effect of various regimens of primaquine with chloroquine in American Negroes with G6PD deficiency and the lack of an effect of various antimalarial suppressive agents on erythrocyte metabolism*

G J Brewer, C J D Zarafonetis
PMCID: PMC2476383  PMID: 4864652

Abstract

In view of the fact that increased resistance to drugs by malaria parasites in some parts of the world may lead to increasing use of a combination of primaquine with chloroquine for chemotherapy, studies were made on the severity of the haemolytic anaemia induced by 45 mg primaquine in American Negroes with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. It was found that twice-weekly administration of primaquine induced more haemolysis than once-weekly administration, and that administration once weekly for 4 weeks and twice weekly thereafter resulted in a degree of anaemia falling between those produced by the other regimens. Anaemia was not induced in controls with no G6PD deficiency. One volunteer developed an intercurrent infection that was treated with salicylates; his haemolysis was markedly intensified, but whether by the infection, the salicylates or both could not be determined.

In a conjoint study, the administration of six malaria-suppressive drugs had no detectable effect on the activities of several erythrocyte enzymes or on the levels of adenosine monophosphate, diphosphate or triphosphate.

Full text

PDF
303

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ALVING A. S., JOHNSON C. F., TARLOV A. R., BREWER G. J., KELLERMEYER R. W., CARSON P. E. Mitigation of the haemolytic effect of primaquine and enhancement of its action against exoerythrocytic forms of the Chesson strain of Piasmodium vivax by intermittent regimens of drug administration: a preliminary report. Bull World Health Organ. 1960;22:621–631. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BREWER G. J., TARLOV A. R., ALVING A. S. Methaemoglobin reduction test: a new, simple, in vitro test for identifying primaquine-sensitivity. Bull World Health Organ. 1960;22:633–640. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Brewer G. J., Powell R. D. A study of the relationship between the content of adenosine triphosphate in human red cells and the course of falciparum malaria: a new system that may confer protection against malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Sep;54(3):741–745. doi: 10.1073/pnas.54.3.741. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brewer G. J., Powell R. D. The adenosine triphosphate content of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient and normal erythrocytes, including studies of a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient man with "elevated erythrocytic ATP". J Lab Clin Med. 1966 May;67(5):726–741. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. CAHN M. M., LEVY E. J. The tolerance to large weekly doses of primaquine and amodiaquine in primaquine-sensitive and non-sensitive subjects. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1962 Sep;11:605–606. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.605. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. GLOCK G. E., McLEAN P. Further studies on the properties and assay of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase of rat liver. Biochem J. 1953 Oct;55(3):400–408. doi: 10.1042/bj0550400. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. KELLERMEYER R. W., TARLOV A. R., SCHRIER S. L., CARSON P. E., ALVING A. S. The hemolytic effect of primaquine. XIII. Gradient susceptibility to hemolysis of primaquine-sensitive erythrocytes. J Lab Clin Med. 1961 Aug;58:225–233. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. POWELL R. D., BREWER G. J., ALVING A. S. STUDIES ON A STRAIN OF CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM FROM COLOMBIA, SOUTH AMERICA. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1963 Jul;12:509–512. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1963.12.509. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. POWELL R. D., BREWER G. J., DEGOWIN R. L., ALVING A. S. STUDIES ON A STRAIN OF CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM FROM VIET-NAM. Bull World Health Organ. 1964;31:379–392. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. POWELL R. D., DEGOWIN R. L. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACTIVITY OF PYRUVATE KINASE AND AGE OF THE NORMAL HUMAN ERYTHROCYTE. Nature. 1965 Jan 30;205:507–507. doi: 10.1038/205507a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. SZEINBERG A., KELLERMANN J., ADAM A., SHEBA C., RAMOT B. Haemolytic jaundice following aspirin administration to a patient with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in erythrocytes. Acta Haematol. 1960 Jan;23:58–64. doi: 10.1159/000206201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. TANAKA K. R., VALENTINE W. N., MIWA S. Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. Blood. 1962 Mar;19:267–295. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. YOUNG M. D., MOORE D. V. Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1961 May;10:317–320. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1961.10.317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. ZINKHAM W. H., LENHARD R. E., Jr Metabolic abnormalities of erythrocytes from patients with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. J Pediatr. 1959 Sep;55:319–336. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(59)80228-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Bulletin of the World Health Organization are provided here courtesy of World Health Organization

RESOURCES