Abstract
The incidence of neonatal hypothyroidism, as reflected in cord-blood thyroxine and thyrotropin levels, varied from 0.6% to 13.3% in iodine-deficient and normal regions of India (selected districts of Uttar Pradesh and Kerala and the city of Delhi), depending on the degree of environmental iodine deficiency. In populations with a high incidence of neonatal hypothyroidism, an increased prevalence of nerve deafness and a shift to the left in the distribution of IQ scores (towards lower scores) have been demonstrated. These indications of mild brain damage suggest that nutritional iodine deficiency can present in other ways than goitre or cretinism. Determination of the incidence of neonatal hypothyroidism using dried cord-blood spot screening appears to be the most useful and reliable method to assess the risk of brain damage in iodine-deficient areas.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BARKER S. B., HUMPHREY M. J., SOLEY M. H. The clinical determination of protein-bound iodine. J Clin Invest. 1951 Jan;30(1):55–62. doi: 10.1172/JCI102416. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fisher D. A., Dussault J. H., Foley T. P., Jr, Klein A. H., LaFranchi S., Larsen P. R., Mitchell M. L., Murphey W. H., Walfish P. G. Screening for congenital hypothyroidism: results of screening one million North American infants. J Pediatr. 1979 May;94(5):700–705. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80133-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klein R. Z. Neonatal screening for hypothyroidism. Adv Pediatr. 1979;26:417–440. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kochupillai N., Godbole M. M., Pandav C. S., Karmarkar M. G., Ahuja M. M. Neonatal thyroid status in iodine deficient environments of the sub-Himalayan region. Indian J Med Res. 1984 Sep;80:293–299. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RAMALINGASWAMI V., SUBRAMANIAN T. A., DEO M. G. The aetiology of Himalayan endemic goitre. Lancet. 1961 Apr 15;1(7181):791–794. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(61)90118-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sava L., Delange F., Belfiore A., Purrello F., Vigneri R. Transient impairment of thyroid function in newborn from an area of endemic goiter. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984 Jul;59(1):90–95. doi: 10.1210/jcem-59-1-90. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stanbury J. B., Ermans A. M., Hetzel B. S., Pretell E. A., Querido A. Endemic goitre and cretinism: public health significance and prevention. WHO Chron. 1974 May;28(5):220–228. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thilly C. H., Delange F., Lagasse R., Bourdoux P., Ramioul L., Berquist H., Ermans A. M. Fetal hypothyroidism and maternal thyroid status in severe endemic goiter. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1978 Aug;47(2):354–360. doi: 10.1210/jcem-47-2-354. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]