Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1990 May;64(5):2290–2297. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.5.2290-2297.1990

Inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine failed to protect rhesus macaques from intravenous or genital mucosal infection but delayed disease in intravenously exposed animals.

S Sutjipto 1, N C Pedersen 1, C J Miller 1, M B Gardner 1, C V Hanson 1, A Gettie 1, M Jennings 1, J Higgins 1, P A Marx 1
PMCID: PMC249390  PMID: 2157886

Abstract

Eight rhesus macaques were immunized four times over a period of 8 months with a psoralen-UV-light-inactivated whole simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine adjuvanted with threonyl muramyl dipeptide. Eight unvaccinated control animals received adjuvant alone. Only the vaccinated animals made antibodies before challenge exposure to the viral core and envelope as determined by Western blotting (immunoblotting) and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Ten days after the final immunization, one-half of the vaccinated and nonvaccinated monkeys were challenged exposed intravenously (i.v.) and one-half were challenge exposed via the genital mucosa with virulent simian immunodeficiency virus. All of the nonvaccinated control monkeys became persistently infected. In spite of preexisting neutralizing antibodies and an anamnestic antibody response, all of the immunized monkeys also became persistently infected. However, there was evidence that the clinical course in immunized i.v. infected animals was delayed. All four mock-vaccinated i.v. challenge-exposed animals died with disease from 3 to 9 months postchallenge. In contrast, only one of four vaccinated i.v. challenge-exposed monkeys had died by 11 months postchallenge.

Full text

PDF
2290

Images in this article

2291Image
on p.2291
2293Image
on p.2293
2293Image
on p.2293
2294Image
on p.2294

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abelseth M. K. An Attenuated Rabies Vaccine for Domestic Animals Produced in Tissue Culture. Can Vet J. 1964 Nov;5(11):279–286. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Allison A. C., Byars N. E. An adjuvant formulation that selectively elicits the formation of antibodies of protective isotypes and of cell-mediated immunity. J Immunol Methods. 1986 Dec 24;95(2):157–168. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(86)90402-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Baskin G. B., Murphey-Corb M., Watson E. A., Martin L. N. Necropsy findings in rhesus monkeys experimentally infected with cultured simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/delta. Vet Pathol. 1988 Nov;25(6):456–467. doi: 10.1177/030098588802500609. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bass E. P., Gill M. A., Beckenhauer W. H. Evaluation of a canine adenovirus type 2 strain as a replacement for infectious canine hepatitis vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980 Aug 1;177(3):234–242. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Berman P. W., Groopman J. E., Gregory T., Clapham P. R., Weiss R. A., Ferriani R., Riddle L., Shimasaki C., Lucas C., Lasky L. A. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 challenge of chimpanzees immunized with recombinant envelope glycoprotein gp120. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(14):5200–5204. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.14.5200. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chakrabarti L., Guyader M., Alizon M., Daniel M. D., Desrosiers R. C., Tiollais P., Sonigo P. Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaque and its relationship to other human and simian retroviruses. Nature. 1987 Aug 6;328(6130):543–547. doi: 10.1038/328543a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Daniel M. D., Letvin N. L., King N. W., Kannagi M., Sehgal P. K., Hunt R. D., Kanki P. J., Essex M., Desrosiers R. C. Isolation of T-cell tropic HTLV-III-like retrovirus from macaques. Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1201–1204. doi: 10.1126/science.3159089. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Daniel M. D., Letvin N. L., Sehgal P. K., Hunsmann G., Schmidt D. K., King N. W., Desrosiers R. C. Long-term persistent infection of macaque monkeys with the simian immunodeficiency virus. J Gen Virol. 1987 Dec;68(Pt 12):3183–3189. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-68-12-3183. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Desrosiers R. C., Wyand M. S., Kodama T., Ringler D. J., Arthur L. O., Sehgal P. K., Letvin N. L., King N. W., Daniel M. D. Vaccine protection against simian immunodeficiency virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(16):6353–6357. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.16.6353. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gardner M. B., Luciw P., Lerche N., Marx P. Nonhuman primate retrovirus isolates and AIDS. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1988;32:171–226. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50011-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Haase A. T. Pathogenesis of lentivirus infections. Nature. 1986 Jul 10;322(6075):130–136. doi: 10.1038/322130a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hoffman A. D., Banapour B., Levy J. A. Characterization of the AIDS-associated retrovirus reverse transcriptase and optimal conditions for its detection in virions. Virology. 1985 Dec;147(2):326–335. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(85)90135-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hu S. L., Zarling J. M., Chinn J., Travis B. M., Moran P. A., Sias J., Kuller L., Morton W. R., Heidecker G., Benveniste R. E. Protection of macaques against simian AIDS by immunization with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the envelope glycoproteins of simian type D retrovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7213–7217. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.18.7213. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kwang H. S., Barr P. J., Sabin E. A., Sujipto S., Marx P. A., Power M. D., Bathurst I. C., Pedersen N. C. Simian retrovirus-D serotype 1 (SRV-1) envelope glycoproteins gp70 and gp20: expression in yeast cells and identification of specific antibodies in sera from monkeys that recovered from SRV-1 infection. J Virol. 1988 May;62(5):1774–1780. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.5.1774-1780.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lowenstine L. J., Pedersen N. C., Higgins J., Pallis K. C., Uyeda A., Marx P., Lerche N. W., Munn R. J., Gardner M. B. Seroepidemiologic survey of captive Old-World primates for antibodies to human and simian retroviruses, and isolation of a lentivirus from sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys). Int J Cancer. 1986 Oct 15;38(4):563–574. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910380417. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. MCKINNEY R. W., BERGE T. O., SAWYER W. D., TIGERTT W. D., CROZIER D. USE OF AN ATTENUATED STRAIN OF VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS FOR IMMUNIZATION IN MAN. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1963 Jul;12:597–603. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1963.12.597. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Maul D. H., Zaiss C. P., MacKenzie M. R., Shiigi S. M., Marx P. A., Gardner M. B. Simian retrovirus D serogroup 1 has a broad cellular tropism for lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. J Virol. 1988 May;62(5):1768–1773. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.5.1768-1773.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Miller C. J., Alexander N. J., Sutjipto S., Lackner A. A., Gettie A., Hendrickx A. G., Lowenstine L. J., Jennings M., Marx P. A. Genital mucosal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus: animal model for heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. J Virol. 1989 Oct;63(10):4277–4284. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.10.4277-4284.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983 Dec 16;65(1-2):55–63. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Murphey-Corb M., Martin L. N., Davison-Fairburn B., Montelaro R. C., Miller M., West M., Ohkawa S., Baskin G. B., Zhang J. Y., Putney S. D. A formalin-inactivated whole SIV vaccine confers protection in macaques. Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1293–1297. doi: 10.1126/science.2555923. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Nathanson N., Gonzalez-Scarano F. Human immunodeficiency virus: an agent that defies vaccination. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1989;33:397–412. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-039233-9.50016-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Paul P. S., Mengeling W. L. Evaluation of a modified live-virus vaccine for the prevention of porcine parvovirus-induced reproductive disease in swine. Am J Vet Res. 1980 Dec;41(12):2007–2011. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Pearson L. D., Poss M. L., Demartini J. C. Animal lentivirus vaccines: problems and prospects. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 Feb;20(3):183–212. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(89)90002-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Pedersen N. C. Animal virus infections that defy vaccination: equine infectious anemia, caprine arthritis-encephalitis, maedi-visna, and feline infectious peritonitis. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1989;33:413–428. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-039233-9.50017-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Pedersen N. C., Johnson L., Birch D., Theilen G. H. Possible immunoenhancement of persistent viremia by feline leukemia virus envelope glycoprotein vaccines in challenge-exposure situations where whole inactivated virus vaccines were protective. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1986 Feb;11(2):123–148. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(86)90093-0. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pedersen N. C., Theilen G., Keane M. A., Fairbanks L., Mason T., Orser B., Che C. H., Allison C. Studies of naturally transmitted feline leukemia virus infection. Am J Vet Res. 1977 Oct;38(10):1523–1531. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Pollock R. V., Carmichael L. E. Use of modified live feline panleukopenia virus vaccine to immunize dogs against canine parvovirus. Am J Vet Res. 1983 Feb;44(2):169–175. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Salter R. D., Howell D. N., Cresswell P. Genes regulating HLA class I antigen expression in T-B lymphoblast hybrids. Immunogenetics. 1985;21(3):235–246. doi: 10.1007/BF00375376. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Spinner A., Sutjipto S. Simian AIDS ELISA: sensitivity, specificity and predictive values based on a comparison with Western blot technique. Lab Anim Sci. 1988 Oct;38(5):568–572. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES