Abstract
In achalasia oesophagoscopy should be used to rule out definitely carcinoma of the cardia involving the myenteric plexus of the lower oesophageal sphincter. An easy passage of the instrument through the narrow terminal segment is characteristic but not always possible due to extreme distortion. Syncopal attacks are rarely encountered.
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Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
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