Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1989 Nov;63(11):4949–4951. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.11.4949-4951.1989

Nucleotide sequence of a neurovirulent variant of the type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine.

S R Pollard 1, G Dunn 1, N Cammack 1, P D Minor 1, J W Almond 1
PMCID: PMC251143  PMID: 2552175

Abstract

Infectious cDNAs of the Sabin type 2 poliovirus vaccine virus and a vaccine-derived neurovirulent type 2 strain (P2/117) have been cloned in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that P2/117 differs from the vaccine strain by just 23 point mutations. Three occur in the 5' noncoding region. The remainder result in a total of 5 coding changes located in VP1, VP4, 2B, and 3D. The likely role of these mutations in the evolution to neurovirulence is discussed.

Full text

PDF
4949

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Evans D. M., Dunn G., Minor P. D., Schild G. C., Cann A. J., Stanway G., Almond J. W., Currey K., Maizel J. V., Jr Increased neurovirulence associated with a single nucleotide change in a noncoding region of the Sabin type 3 poliovaccine genome. Nature. 1985 Apr 11;314(6011):548–550. doi: 10.1038/314548a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Flanegan J. B., Petterson R. F., Ambros V., Hewlett N. J., Baltimore D. Covalent linkage of a protein to a defined nucleotide sequence at the 5'-terminus of virion and replicative intermediate RNAs of poliovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Mar;74(3):961–965. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.3.961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Grunstein M., Wallis J. Colony hybridization. Methods Enzymol. 1979;68:379–389. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(79)68027-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Kew O. M., Nottay B. K., Hatch M. H., Nakano J. H., Obijeski J. F. Multiple genetic changes can occur in the oral poliovaccines upon replication in humans. J Gen Virol. 1981 Oct;56(Pt 2):337–347. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-56-2-337. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Kitamura N., Semler B. L., Rothberg P. G., Larsen G. R., Adler C. J., Dorner A. J., Emini E. A., Hanecak R., Lee J. J., van der Werf S. Primary structure, gene organization and polypeptide expression of poliovirus RNA. Nature. 1981 Jun 18;291(5816):547–553. doi: 10.1038/291547a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. La Monica N., Meriam C., Racaniello V. R. Mapping of sequences required for mouse neurovirulence of poliovirus type 2 Lansing. J Virol. 1986 Feb;57(2):515–525. doi: 10.1128/jvi.57.2.515-525.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Milhorat A. T., Goldstone L. The carrier state in muscular dystrophy of the Duchenne type. JAMA. 1965 Oct 11;194(2):130–134. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Minor P. D. Comparative biochemical studies of type 3 poliovirus. J Virol. 1980 Apr;34(1):73–84. doi: 10.1128/jvi.34.1.73-84.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Minor P. D., Dunn G. The effect of sequences in the 5' non-coding region on the replication of polioviruses in the human gut. J Gen Virol. 1988 May;69(Pt 5):1091–1096. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-69-5-1091. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Moss E. G., O'Neill R. E., Racaniello V. R. Mapping of attenuating sequences of an avirulent poliovirus type 2 strain. J Virol. 1989 May;63(5):1884–1890. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.5.1884-1890.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nomoto A., Omata T., Toyoda H., Kuge S., Horie H., Kataoka Y., Genba Y., Nakano Y., Imura N. Complete nucleotide sequence of the attenuated poliovirus Sabin 1 strain genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Oct;79(19):5793–5797. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.19.5793. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Omata T., Kohara M., Kuge S., Komatsu T., Abe S., Semler B. L., Kameda A., Itoh H., Arita M., Wimmer E. Genetic analysis of the attenuation phenotype of poliovirus type 1. J Virol. 1986 May;58(2):348–358. doi: 10.1128/jvi.58.2.348-358.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Pilipenko E. V., Blinov V. M., Romanova L. I., Sinyakov A. N., Maslova S. V., Agol V. I. Conserved structural domains in the 5'-untranslated region of picornaviral genomes: an analysis of the segment controlling translation and neurovirulence. Virology. 1989 Feb;168(2):201–209. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90259-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Racaniello V. R., Baltimore D. Molecular cloning of poliovirus cDNA and determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the viral genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4887–4891. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.8.4887. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. SALK J. E. Persistence of immunity after administration of formalin-treated poliovirus vaccine. Lancet. 1960 Oct 1;2(7153):715–723. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(60)91791-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Skinner M. A., Racaniello V. R., Dunn G., Cooper J., Minor P. D., Almond J. W. New model for the secondary structure of the 5' non-coding RNA of poliovirus is supported by biochemical and genetic data that also show that RNA secondary structure is important in neurovirulence. J Mol Biol. 1989 May 20;207(2):379–392. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90261-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Stanway G., Cann A. J., Hauptmann R., Hughes P., Clarke L. D., Mountford R. C., Minor P. D., Schild G. C., Almond J. W. The nucleotide sequence of poliovirus type 3 leon 12 a1b: comparison with poliovirus type 1. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 25;11(16):5629–5643. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.16.5629. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Stanway G., Hughes P. J., Mountford R. C., Reeve P., Minor P. D., Schild G. C., Almond J. W. Comparison of the complete nucleotide sequences of the genomes of the neurovirulent poliovirus P3/Leon/37 and its attenuated Sabin vaccine derivative P3/Leon 12a1b. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(5):1539–1543. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.5.1539. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Stanway G., Mountford R. C., Cox S. D., Schild G. C., Minor P. D., Almond J. W. Molecular cloning of the genomes of poliovirus type 3 strains by the cDNA: RNA hybrid method. Arch Virol. 1984;81(1-2):67–78. doi: 10.1007/BF01309297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. The relation between acute persisting spinal paralysis and poliomyelitis vaccine--results of a ten-year enquiry. WHO Consultative Group. Bull World Health Organ. 1982;60(2):231–242. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Toyoda H., Kohara M., Kataoka Y., Suganuma T., Omata T., Imura N., Nomoto A. Complete nucleotide sequences of all three poliovirus serotype genomes. Implication for genetic relationship, gene function and antigenic determinants. J Mol Biol. 1984 Apr 25;174(4):561–585. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(84)90084-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Westrop G. D., Wareham K. A., Evans D. M., Dunn G., Minor P. D., Magrath D. I., Taffs F., Marsden S., Skinner M. A., Schild G. C. Genetic basis of attenuation of the Sabin type 3 oral poliovirus vaccine. J Virol. 1989 Mar;63(3):1338–1344. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.3.1338-1344.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. van der Werf S., Bradley J., Wimmer E., Studier F. W., Dunn J. J. Synthesis of infectious poliovirus RNA by purified T7 RNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(8):2330–2334. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.8.2330. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES