Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1972 Nov;112(2):950–958. doi: 10.1128/jb.112.2.950-958.1972

Cell Wall Peptidoglycan Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12: Existence of Two Clusters of Genes, mra and mrb, for Cell Wall Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis

Tokichi Miyakawa a, Hiroshi Matsuzawa a,1, Michio Matsuhashi a, Yoshinobu Sugino a,2
PMCID: PMC251507  PMID: 4563986

Abstract

Temperature-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 which cannot form cell wall peptidoglycan at 42 C were isolated. The thermosensitive steps were characterized biochemically, and the genes coding the enzymes of peptidoglycan synthesis were mapped. These genes were in two clusters: one group, located at about 1.5 min between leu and azi, was designated as mra (murein a); the second group, located at about 77.5 min close to argH and metB, was designated as mrb (murein b, with the order metB-argH-mrb). No simple relations were found between the gene location and the order or localization of enzymes involved in the sequence of reactions of cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis.

Full text

PDF
950

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Anderson J. S., Matsuhashi M., Haskin M. A., Strominger J. L. Biosythesis of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. II. Phospholipid carriers in the reaction sequence. J Biol Chem. 1967 Jul 10;242(13):3180–3190. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blumberg P. M., Strominger J. L. Inactivation of D-alanine carboxypeptidase by penicillins and cephalosporins is not lethal in Bacillus subtilis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Nov;68(11):2814–2817. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.11.2814. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bukhari A. I., Taylor A. L. Genetic analysis of diaminopimelic acid- and lysine-requiring mutants of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1971 Mar;105(3):844–854. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.3.844-854.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Campbell A., Del Campillo-Campbell A., Chang R. A mutant of Escherichia coli that requires high concentrations of biotin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Mar;69(3):676–680. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.3.676. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Curtiss R., 3rd, Charamella L. J., Berg C. M., Harris P. E. Kinetic and genetic analyses of D-cycloserine inhibition and resistance in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1965 Nov;90(5):1238–1250. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.5.1238-1250.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Endo A., Kakiki K., Hori M., Abe H., Misato T. A simple procedure for the preparation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-14C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1970 May 22;39(4):718–722. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90264-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Izaki K., Matsuhashi M., Strominger J. L. Biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. 8. Peptidoglycan transpeptidase and D-alanine carboxypeptidase: penicillin-sensitive enzymatic reaction in strains of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1968 Jun 10;243(11):3180–3192. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. LEDERBERG J., LEDERBERG E. M. Replica plating and indirect selection of bacterial mutants. J Bacteriol. 1952 Mar;63(3):399–406. doi: 10.1128/jb.63.3.399-406.1952. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. LENNOX E. S. Transduction of linked genetic characters of the host by bacteriophage P1. Virology. 1955 Jul;1(2):190–206. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(55)90016-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lugtenberg E. J., De Haas-Menger L., Ruyters W. H. Murein synthesis and identification of cell wall precursors of temperature-sensitive lysis mutants of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1972 Jan;109(1):326–335. doi: 10.1128/jb.109.1.326-335.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lugtenberg E. J., v Schijndel-van Dam A. Temperature-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 with low activities of the L-alanine adding enzyme and the D-alanyl-D-alanine adding enzyme. J Bacteriol. 1972 Apr;110(1):35–40. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.1.35-40.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lugtenberg E. J., v Schijndel-van Dam A. Temperature-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 with low activity of the diaminopimelic acid adding enzyme. J Bacteriol. 1972 Apr;110(1):41–46. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.1.41-46.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Matsuzawa H., Matsuhashi M., Oka A., Sugino Y. Genetic and biochemical studies on cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis in Escherichia coli K-12. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 Aug 15;36(4):682–689. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90360-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Strominger J. L., Izaki K., Matsuhashi M., Tipper D. J. Peptidoglycan transpeptidase and D-alanine carboxypeptidase: penicillin-sensitive enzymatic reactions. Fed Proc. 1967 Jan-Feb;26(1):9–22. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. TAYLOR A. L., THOMAN M. S. THE GENETIC MAP OF ESCHERICHIA COLI K-12. Genetics. 1964 Oct;50:659–677. doi: 10.1093/genetics/50.4.659. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Tamaki S., Sato T., Matsuhashi M. Role of lipopolysaccharides in antibiotic resistance and bacteriophage adsorption of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1971 Mar;105(3):968–975. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.3.968-975.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Taylor A. L. Current linkage map of Escherichia coli. Bacteriol Rev. 1970 Jun;34(2):155–175. doi: 10.1128/br.34.2.155-175.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. WEIDEL W., PELZER H. BAGSHAPED MACROMOLECULES--A NEW OUTLOOK ON BACTERIAL CELL WALLS. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1964;26:193–232. doi: 10.1002/9780470122716.ch5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Yura T., Wada C. Phenethyl alcohol resistance in Escherichia coli. I. Resistance of strain C600 and its relation to azide resistance. Genetics. 1968 Jun;59(2):177–190. doi: 10.1093/genetics/59.2.177. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES