Table 2.
Initial treatment strategy and outcome
| Treatment category | No. (%) | CR/CRi, no. (%) | Median hospital stay, d (range) | Transfusion independence,‡ no. (%) | Marrow recovery, no. (%) | Death less than or equal to 4 wk, no. (%) | Regimen/reason not treated (N) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Induction chemotherapy | 41 (55) | 18 (46)* | 45 (21-120) | 18 (46) | 14 (34) | 6 (15) | Idarubicin and HDAC (22); anthracycline and SDAC (6);liposomal daunorubicin and HDAC (5); clofarabine and Ara-C (4); fludarabine and Ara-C (3); cyclophosphamide, Ara-C, topotecan (1) |
| Stem cell transplantation without prior chemotherapy | 2 (3) | 2 (100) | 48 (44-52) | 2 (100) | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | Fludarabine, busulfan, and ATG (1); fludarabine, melphalan, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, and ATG (1) |
| Low-intensity therapy | 12 (16) | 0 (0) | 33† (10-64) | 4 (33) | 2 (17) | 0 (0) | Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (4); azacytidine, valproate, and ATRA (3); dasatinib (2); RAD-001 (1);decitabine (1);vincristine and prednisone (1) |
| Supportive care | 19 (26) | — | NA | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 6 (32) | Poor performance status (9);refused chemotherapy (7);active infection (1); unknown reason (2) |
Because the outcomes of complete remission (CR) and complete remission with incomplete blood recovery (CRi) were equivalent, these two categories were pooled together. The number of days of hospitalization refer only to the initial admission for therapy. Marrow recovery was the achievement of autonomous marrow function with independence from transfusions, neutrophils 1.0 × 109/L or more and platelets 100 × 109/L or more.
HDAC indicates high-dose Ara-C; SDAC, standard-dose (100-200 mg/m2 per day × 5-7 days) Ara-C; ATRA, all-trans-retinoic acid; and —, not applicable.
Two patients not evaluable because of inadequate restaging.
P = .04 compared with induction chemotherapy.
For greater than or equal to 4 weeks, at any time after commencement of therapy.