Abstract
The enzyme pattern of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was followed during batch growth and in continuous culture in a synthetic medium limited for glucose under aerobic conditions. Seven enzymes were measured: succinate-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, malate dehydrogenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-linked glutamate dehydrogenase, malate synthase, isocitrate lyase, aldolase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)-linked glutamate dehydrogenase. During fermentation of glucose and high growth rate (μ) during the first log phase in batch experiments, the first five enzymes (group I) were repressed, and aldolase and NADP+-linked glutamate dehydrogenase (group II) were derepressed. During growth on the accumulated ethyl alcohol and lower μ, the group I enzymes were preferentially formed and the other two were repressed. A sequence of derepression of the group I enzymes was found during the shift from glucose to ethyl alcohol metabolism, which can be correlated with a strong increase in the percentage of single (nonbudding) cells in the population. A correlation between the state of cells in the budding cycle and enzyme repression and derepression is suggested. In continuous culture, the enzyme pattern was shown to be related to the growth rate. The group I enzymes were repressed at high growth rates, while the group II enzymes were derepressed. Each enzyme exhibits a different dependence. The enzyme pattern is shown to depend on the rate of substrate consumption as well as on the type of metabolism and to be correlated with the budding cycle. The enzyme pattern is considered to be controlled by changes of intracellular catabolic or metabolic conditions inherent in the division cycle.
Full text
PDF







Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- CLARK D. J., MARR A. G. STUDIES ON THE REPRESSION OF BETA-GALACTOSIDASE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 Oct 23;92:85–94. doi: 10.1016/0926-6569(64)90272-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DOBROGOSZ W. J. THE INFLUENCE OF NITRATE AND NITRITE REDUCTION ON CATABOLITE REPRESSION IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1965 May 4;100:553–566. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(65)90025-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Deken R. H. The Crabtree effect: a regulatory system in yeast. J Gen Microbiol. 1966 Aug;44(2):149–156. doi: 10.1099/00221287-44-2-149. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dobrogosz W. J. Altered end-product patterns and catabolite repression in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1966 Jun;91(6):2263–2269. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.6.2263-2269.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fiechter A., von Meyenburg K. Wachstum und Gasstoffwechsel von Saccharomyces cerevisiae in kontinuierlicher Kultur. Pathol Microbiol (Basel) 1966;29(5):696–704. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gorman J., Taruo P., LaBerge M., Halvorson H. Timing of enzyme synthesis during synchronous division in yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1964 Feb 18;15(1):43–49. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(64)90100-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HOLZER H., HOLZER E., SCHULTZ G. Zusammenhang zwischen Wachstum und aerober Gärung. I. Versuche mit Hefezellen. Biochem Z. 1955;326(6):385–404. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kornberg H. L. The role and control of the glyoxylate cycle in Escherichia coli. Biochem J. 1966 Apr;99(1):1–11. doi: 10.1042/bj0990001. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LIENER I. E., BUCHANAN D. L. The fixation of carbon dioxide by growing and nongrowing yeast. J Bacteriol. 1951 May;61(5):527–534. doi: 10.1128/jb.61.5.527-534.1951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MAGASANIK B. Catabolite repression. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1961;26:249–256. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1961.026.01.031. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MCFALL E., MANDELSTAM J. SPECIFIC METABOLIC REPRESSION OF THREE INDUCED ENZYMES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. Biochem J. 1963 Nov;89:391–398. doi: 10.1042/bj0890391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McMurrough I., Rose A. H. Effect of growth rate and substrate limitation on the composition and structure of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem J. 1967 Oct;105(1):189–203. doi: 10.1042/bj1050189. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NAKADA D., MAGASANIK B. THE ROLES OF INDUCER AND CATABOLITE REPRESSOR IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BETA-GALACTOSIDASE BY ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Mol Biol. 1964 Jan;8:105–127. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(64)80153-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NEIDHARDT F. C., MAGASANIK B. Reversal of the glucose inhibition of histidase biosynthesis in Aerobacter aerogenes. J Bacteriol. 1957 Feb;73(2):253–259. doi: 10.1128/jb.73.2.253-259.1957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NOVICK A., SZILARD L. Experiments with the Chemostat on spontaneous mutations of bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1950 Dec;36(12):708–719. doi: 10.1073/pnas.36.12.708. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- NOVOTNY P. A SIMPLE ROTARY DISINTEGRATOR FOR MICRO-ORGANISMS AND ANIMAL TISSUES. Nature. 1964 Apr 25;202:364–366. doi: 10.1038/202364a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okinaka R. T., Dobrogosz W. J. Catabolite repression and pyruvate metabolism in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1967 May;93(5):1644–1650. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.5.1644-1650.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polakis E. S., Bartley W. Changes in the enzyme activities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during aerobic growth on different carbon sources. Biochem J. 1965 Oct;97(1):284–297. doi: 10.1042/bj0970284. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polakis E. S., Bartley W. Changes in the intracellular concentrations of adenosine phosphates and nicotinamide nucleotides during the aerobic growth cycle of yeast on different carbon sources. Biochem J. 1966 Jun;99(3):521–533. doi: 10.1042/bj0990521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polakis E. S., Bartley W., Meek G. A. Changes in the activities of respiratory enzymes during the aerobic growth of yeast on different carbon sources. Biochem J. 1965 Oct;97(1):298–302. doi: 10.1042/bj0970298. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Prevost C., Moses V. Pool sizes of metabolic intermediates and their relation to glucose repression of beta-galactosidase synthesis in Escherichia coli. Biochem J. 1967 May;103(2):349–357. doi: 10.1042/bj1030349. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tauro P., Halvorson H. O. Effect of gene position on the timing of enzyme synthesis in synchronous cultures of yeast. J Bacteriol. 1966 Sep;92(3):652–661. doi: 10.1128/jb.92.3.652-661.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Witt I., Kronau R., Holzer H. Repression von Alkoholdehydrogenase, Malatdehydrogenase, Isocitratlyase und Malatsynthase in Hefe durch Glucose. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966 Jun 15;118(3):522–537. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- von Meyenburg H. K. Der Sprossungszyklus von Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pathol Microbiol (Basel) 1968;31(2):117–127. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]