Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1985 Dec;56(3):750–756. doi: 10.1128/jvi.56.3.750-756.1985

Construction and analysis of additional adenovirus substitution mutants confirm the complementation of VAI RNA function by two small RNAs encoded by Epstein-Barr virus.

R A Bhat, B Thimmappaya
PMCID: PMC252645  PMID: 2999431

Abstract

Adenovirus VAI RNA is essential for the efficient initiation of translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection. Recently, by constructing an adenovirus type 5 substitution mutant, we showed that the Epstein-Barr virus encoded two small RNAs complemented for the VAI RNA function in the adenovirus type 5 lytic growth (Bhat and Thimmappaya, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:4789-4793, 1983). This observation was based on our inability to propagate an adenovirus type 5 mutant lacking functional VAI and VAII genes. Subsequently, it was found that this mutant was viable and able to grow to a low titer. Therefore, we examined the complementation of the VAI RNA function by the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs by constructing additional adenovirus type 5 substitution mutants containing multiple copies of the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA genes in nonessential early transcriptional region III. The new substitution mutants synthesized viral polypeptides at late times at levels comparable to those observed in wild type-infected cells. Our results convincingly demonstrated that the two Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs can efficiently complement for the VAI RNA-mediated translational defect in adenovirus-infected cells.

Full text

PDF
750

Images in this article

753Image
on p.753
754Image
on p.754

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Akusjärvi G., Mathews M. B., Andersson P., Vennström B., Pettersson U. Structure of genes for virus-associated RNAI and RNAII of adenovirus type 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2424–2428. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2424. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arrand J. R., Rymo L. Characterization of the major Epstein-Barr virus-specific RNA in Burkitt lymphoma-derived cells. J Virol. 1982 Feb;41(2):376–389. doi: 10.1128/jvi.41.2.376-389.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bhat R. A., Domer P. H., Thimmappaya B. Structural requirements of adenovirus VAI RNA for its translation enhancement function. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jan;5(1):187–196. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.1.187. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bhat R. A., Metz B., Thimmappaya B. Organization of the noncontiguous promoter components of adenovirus VAI RNA gene is strikingly similar to that of eucaryotic tRNA genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Nov;3(11):1996–2005. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.11.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bhat R. A., Thimmappaya B. Two small RNAs encoded by Epstein-Barr virus can functionally substitute for the virus-associated RNAs in the lytic growth of adenovirus 5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Aug;80(15):4789–4793. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.15.4789. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cepko C. L., Sharp P. A. Analysis of Ad5 hexon and 100K ts mutants using conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies. Virology. 1983 Aug;129(1):137–154. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90402-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Farrell P. J., Balkow K., Hunt T., Jackson R. J., Trachsel H. Phosphorylation of initiation factor elF-2 and the control of reticulocyte protein synthesis. Cell. 1977 May;11(1):187–200. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90330-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Francoeur A. M., Mathews M. B. Interaction between VA RNA and the lupus antigen La: formation of a ribonucleoprotein particle in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(22):6772–6776. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.22.6772. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hunter T., Hunt T., Jackson R. J., Robertson H. D. The characteristics of inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded ribonucleic acid in reticulocyte lysates. J Biol Chem. 1975 Jan 25;250(2):409–417. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Jones N., Shenk T. Isolation of adenovirus type 5 host range deletion mutants defective for transformation of rat embryo cells. Cell. 1979 Jul;17(3):683–689. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90275-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lerner M. R., Andrews N. C., Miller G., Steitz J. A. Two small RNAs encoded by Epstein-Barr virus and complexed with protein are precipitated by antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):805–809. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.2.805. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lerner M. R., Boyle J. A., Hardin J. A., Steitz J. A. Two novel classes of small ribonucleoproteins detected by antibodies associated with lupus erythematosus. Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):400–402. doi: 10.1126/science.6164096. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Miyamoto N. G., Jacobs B. L., Samuel C. E. Mechanism of interferon action. Effect of double-stranded RNA and the 5'-O-monophosphate form of 2',5'-oligoadenylate on the inhibition of reovirus mRNA translation in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1983 Dec 25;258(24):15232–15237. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pope J. H., Horne M. K., Scott W. Transformation of foetal human keukocytes in vitro by filtrates of a human leukaemic cell line containing herpes-like virus. Int J Cancer. 1968 Nov 15;3(6):857–866. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910030619. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Reich P. R., Forget B. G., Weissman S. M. RNA of low molecular weight in KB cells infected with adenovirus type 2. J Mol Biol. 1966 Jun;17(2):428–439. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(66)80153-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Reichel P. A., Merrick W. C., Siekierka J., Mathews M. B. Regulation of a protein synthesis initiation factor by adenovirus virus-associated RNA. Nature. 1985 Jan 17;313(5999):196–200. doi: 10.1038/313196a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rosa M. D., Gottlieb E., Lerner M. R., Steitz J. A. Striking similarities are exhibited by two small Epstein-Barr virus-encoded ribonucleic acids and the adenovirus-associated ribonucleic acids VAI and VAII. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Sep;1(9):785–796. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.9.785. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Schneider R. J., Safer B., Munemitsu S. M., Samuel C. E., Shenk T. Adenovirus VAI RNA prevents phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha subunit subsequent to infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jul;82(13):4321–4325. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.13.4321. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Schneider R. J., Weinberger C., Shenk T. Adenovirus VAI RNA facilitates the initiation of translation in virus-infected cells. Cell. 1984 May;37(1):291–298. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90325-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Siekierka J., Mariano T. M., Reichel P. A., Mathews M. B. Translational control by adenovirus: lack of virus-associated RNAI during adenovirus infection results in phosphorylation of initiation factor eIF-2 and inhibition of protein synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(7):1959–1963. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.7.1959. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Svensson C., Akusjärvi G. Adenovirus VA RNAI: a positive regulator of mRNA translation. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Apr;4(4):736–742. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.4.736. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Söderlund H., Pettersson U., Vennström B., Philipson L., Mathews M. B. A new species of virus-coded low molecular weight RNA from cells infected with adenovirus type 2. Cell. 1976 Apr;7(4):585–593. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90209-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Thimmappaya B., Weinberger C., Schneider R. J., Shenk T. Adenovirus VAI RNA is required for efficient translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(3 Pt 2):543–551. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90310-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Weinmann R., Brendler T. G., Raskas H. J., Roeder R. G. Low molecular weight viral RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III during adenovirus 2 infection. Cell. 1976 Apr;7(4):557–566. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90206-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES