Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1986 Jun;58(3):757–764. doi: 10.1128/jvi.58.3.757-764.1986

Localization and fine structure of a vaccinia virus gene encoding an envelope antigen.

P Hirt, G Hiller, R Wittek
PMCID: PMC252981  PMID: 3701927

Abstract

The major antigen on the envelope of extracellular vaccinia virus particles is a polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 37,000 (p37K; G. Hiller and K. Weber, J. Virol. 55:651-659, 1985). The gene encoding p37K was mapped in the vaccinia virus genome by hybrid selection of RNA followed by in vitro translation. p37K was then identified among the in vitro translation products by immunoprecipitation with a monoclonal antibody. The gene is located close to the right-hand end of the HindIII F fragment. The corresponding region of the DNA was sequenced, and an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 41,748 daltons was observed. The 5' end of the mRNA, as defined by nuclease S1 analysis, maps within only a few nucleotides of the translation initiation codon. Examination of the DNA sequence around the putative initiation site of transcription revealed a characteristic sequence, TAAATG, which includes the ATG translation initiation codon and which is conserved in all but one late gene so far analyzed. It is therefore likely that this sequence is an important regulatory signal for late gene expression in vaccinia virus.

Full text

PDF
757

Images in this article

757Image
on p.757
758Image
on p.758
759Image
on p.759
760Image
on p.760
763Image
on p.763

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Appleyard G., Hapel A. J., Boulter E. A. An antigenic difference between intracellular and extracellular rabbitpox virus. J Gen Virol. 1971 Oct;13(1):9–17. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-13-1-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Sizing and mapping of early adenovirus mRNAs by gel electrophoresis of S1 endonuclease-digested hybrids. Cell. 1977 Nov;12(3):721–732. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90272-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bertholet C., Drillien R., Wittek R. One hundred base pairs of 5' flanking sequence of a vaccinia virus late gene are sufficient to temporally regulate late transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(7):2096–2100. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.7.2096. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. CAIRNS J. The initiation of vaccinia infection. Virology. 1960 Jul;11:603–623. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(60)90103-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dales S., Pogo B. G. Biology of poxviruses. Virol Monogr. 1981;18:1–109. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8625-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Drillien R., Koehren F., Kirn A. Host range deletion mutant of vaccinia virus defective in human cells. Virology. 1981 Jun;111(2):488–499. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90351-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Galfrè G., Milstein C. Preparation of monoclonal antibodies: strategies and procedures. Methods Enzymol. 1981;73(Pt B):3–46. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(81)73054-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hiller G., Eibl H., Weber K. Characterization of intracellular and extracellular vaccinia virus variants: N1-isonicotinoyl-N2-3-methyl-4-chlorobenzoylhydrazine interferes with cytoplasmic virus dissemination and release. J Virol. 1981 Sep;39(3):903–913. doi: 10.1128/jvi.39.3.903-913.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hiller G., Weber K. Golgi-derived membranes that contain an acylated viral polypeptide are used for vaccinia virus envelopment. J Virol. 1985 Sep;55(3):651–659. doi: 10.1128/jvi.55.3.651-659.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hopp T. P., Woods K. R. Prediction of protein antigenic determinants from amino acid sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jun;78(6):3824–3828. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.6.3824. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kilmartin J. V., Wright B., Milstein C. Rat monoclonal antitubulin antibodies derived by using a new nonsecreting rat cell line. J Cell Biol. 1982 Jun;93(3):576–582. doi: 10.1083/jcb.93.3.576. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. A new method for sequencing DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):560–564. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.2.560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Messing J., Vieira J. A new pair of M13 vectors for selecting either DNA strand of double-digest restriction fragments. Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):269–276. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90016-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Moyer R. W., Rothe C. T. The white pock mutants of rabbit poxvirus. I. Spontaneous host range mutants contain deletions. Virology. 1980 Apr 15;102(1):119–132. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(80)90075-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Payne L. G. Identification of the vaccinia hemagglutinin polypeptide from a cell system yielding large amounts of extracellular enveloped virus. J Virol. 1979 Jul;31(1):147–155. doi: 10.1128/jvi.31.1.147-155.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Payne L. G., Norrby E. Adsorption and penetration of enveloped and naked vaccinia virus particles. J Virol. 1978 Jul;27(1):19–27. doi: 10.1128/jvi.27.1.19-27.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Payne L. Polypeptide composition of extracellular enveloped vaccinia virus. J Virol. 1978 Jul;27(1):28–37. doi: 10.1128/jvi.27.1.28-37.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Plucienniczak A., Schroeder E., Zettlmeissl G., Streeck R. E. Nucleotide sequence of a cluster of early and late genes in a conserved segment of the vaccinia virus genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Feb 11;13(3):985–998. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.3.985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Rosel J., Moss B. Transcriptional and translational mapping and nucleotide sequence analysis of a vaccinia virus gene encoding the precursor of the major core polypeptide 4b. J Virol. 1985 Dec;56(3):830–838. doi: 10.1128/jvi.56.3.830-838.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sefton B. M., Trowbridge I. S., Cooper J. A., Scolnick E. M. The transforming proteins of Rous sarcoma virus, Harvey sarcoma virus and Abelson virus contain tightly bound lipid. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(2 Pt 1):465–474. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90139-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Turner G. S., Squires E. J. Inactivated smallpox vaccine: immunogenicity of inactivated intracellular and extracellular vaccinia virus. J Gen Virol. 1971 Oct;13(1):19–25. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-13-1-19. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Weaver R. F., Weissmann C. Mapping of RNA by a modification of the Berk-Sharp procedure: the 5' termini of 15 S beta-globin mRNA precursor and mature 10 s beta-globin mRNA have identical map coordinates. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 10;7(5):1175–1193. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.5.1175. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Weir J. P., Moss B. Regulation of expression and nucleotide sequence of a late vaccinia virus gene. J Virol. 1984 Sep;51(3):662–669. doi: 10.1128/jvi.51.3.662-669.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wittek R., Hänggi M., Hiller G. Mapping of a gene coding for a major late structural polypeptide on the vaccinia virus genome. J Virol. 1984 Feb;49(2):371–378. doi: 10.1128/jvi.49.2.371-378.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wittek R. Organization and expression of the poxvirus genome. Experientia. 1982 Mar 15;38(3):285–297. doi: 10.1007/BF01949349. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES