TABLE 3.

Mean genotypic values of the 20 genotypes selected under ESIM and Smith SI 1 and 2, for five traits, male flowering (MFL), female flowering (FFL), plant height (PHT), ear height (EHT), and 100-kernel weight (HKF), during five selection cycles for simulated data using phenotypic and genotypic variance–covariance matrices

	ESIM					SMITH SI 1					SMITH SI 2
MFL	FFL	PHT	EHT	HKF	MFL	FFL	PHT	EHT	HKF	MFL	FFL	PHT	EHT	HKF
Selection cycles	(−)	(−)	(−)	(−)	(+)	(−1)	(−1)	(−1)	(−1)	(+1)	(−0.51)	(−0.46)	(−0.38)	(−0.52)	(0.27)
0	98.5	98.9	139.6	88.4	20.4	98.5	98.9	139.6	88.4	20.4	98.5	98.9	139.6	88.4	20.4
1	95.0	96.4	132.7	75.3	20.2	98.6	99.3	124.1	71.6	20.4	98.5	99.2	123.1	72.1	20.6
2	95.2	95.6	125.1	63.6	21.0	101.0	100.5	114.9	64.0	20.6	97.4	99.1	116.3	66.8	21.0
3	94.0	94.2	123.3	58.0	21.2	98.4	99.1	111.6	59.6	20.6	96.3	98.9	112.5	62.6	21.1
4	93.3	93.4	123.3	57.5	21.6	94.6	97.6	111.6	59.5	21.0	94.4	98.8	111.7	61.4	21.2
5	92.6	93.3	122.2	57.5	22.6	94.5	97.5	111.2	58.4	21.5	94.5	99.3	111.3	60.5	21.4
Gain per selection cycle	0.19	−0.92	−0.18	−3.45	0.48	0.05	−1.05	−1.15	−4.53	0.27	0.02	−1.10	0.58	−3.44	0.19

The gain per cycle is the regression coefficient of the mean genotypic values regressed on the selection cycles. The signs and economic weights of the SIs for each trait are shown in parentheses.