Skip to main content
PMC home page
Bulletin of the World Health Organization logoLink to Bulletin of the World Health Organization
. 1984;62(2):271–291.

Interventions for the control of diarrhoeal diseases among young children: promotion of breast-feeding.

R G Feachem, M A Koblinsky
PMCID: PMC2536296  PMID: 6610496

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aust-Kettis A., Gebre-Medhin M., Habte D., Khosla N., Wadström T. Antibodies to heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxins in human milk and sera. A study of Ethiopian and Swedish mothers and their children. Trop Geogr Med. 1981 Sep;33(3):225–230. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bullen C. L., Willis A. T. Resistance of the breast-fed infant to gastroenteritis. Br Med J. 1971 Aug 7;3(5770):338–343. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5770.338. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chandra R. K. Prospective studies of the effect of breast feeding on incidence of infection and allergy. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1979 Sep;68(5):691–694. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb18439.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chrystie I. L., Totterdell B. M., Banatvala J. E. Asymptomatic endemic rotavirus infections in the newborn. Lancet. 1978 Jun 3;1(8075):1176–1178. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(78)90967-4. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cunningham A. S. Morbidity in breast-fed and artificially fed infants. II. J Pediatr. 1979 Nov;95(5 Pt 1):685–689. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80711-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cunningham A. S. Morbidity in breast-fed and artificially fed infants. J Pediatr. 1977 May;90(5):726–729. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(77)81236-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cushing A. H., Anderson L. Diarrhea in breast-fed and non-breast-fed infants. Pediatrics. 1982 Dec;70(6):921–925. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Douglas J. W. The extent of breast feeding in Great Britain in 1946, with special reference to the health and survival of children. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp. 1950;57:335–361. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Ebbs J. H., Mulligan F. The incidence and mortality of breast- and artificially-fed infants admitted to hospital with infections. Arch Dis Child. 1942 Dec;17(92):217–219. doi: 10.1136/adc.17.92.217. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Elegbe I. A., Ojofeitimi E. O., Elegbe I., Akinola M. O. Pathogenic bacteria isolated from infant feeding teats: contamination of teats used by illiterate and educated nursing mothers in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Am J Dis Child. 1982 Aug;136(8):672–674. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Ellestad-Sayed J., Coodin F. J., Dilling L. A., Haworth J. C. Breast-feeding protects against infection in Indian infants. Can Med Assoc J. 1979 Feb 3;120(3):295–298. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fallot M. E., Boyd J. L., 3rd, Oski F. A. Breast-feeding reduces incidence of hospital admissions for infection in infants. Pediatrics. 1980 Jun;65(6):1121–1124. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Feachem R. G., Hogan R. C., Merson M. H. Diarrhoeal disease control: reviews of potential interventions. Bull World Health Organ. 1983;61(4):637–640. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Feachem R. G. Interventions for the control of diarrhoeal diseases among young children: supplementary feeding programmes. Bull World Health Organ. 1983;61(6):967–979. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Feachem R. G., Koblinsky M. A. Interventions for the control of diarrhoeal diseases among young children: measles immunization. Bull World Health Organ. 1983;61(4):641–652. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. French J. G. Relationship of morbidity to the feeding patterns of Navajo children from birth through twenty-four months. Am J Clin Nutr. 1967 May;20(5):375–385. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/20.5.375. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. GORDON J. E., CHITKARA I. D., WYON J. B. Weanling diarrhea. Am J Med Sci. 1963 Mar;245:345–377. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. GORDON J. E., GUZMAN M. A., ASCOLI W., SCRIMSHAW N. S. ACUTE DIARRHOEAL DISEASE IN LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. 2. PATTERNS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR IN RURAL GUATEMALAN VILLAGES. Bull World Health Organ. 1964;31:9–20. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Gerrard J. W. Breast-feeding: second thoughts. Pediatrics. 1974 Dec;54(6):757–764. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Gindrat J. J., Gothefors L., Hanson L. A., Winberg J. Antibodies in human milk against E. coli of the serogroups most commonly found in neonatal infections. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1972 Sep;61(5):587–590. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1972.tb15950.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Goldman A. S., Smith C. W. Host resistance factors in human milk. J Pediatr. 1973 Jun;82(6):1082–1090. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(73)80453-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Grantham-McGregor S. M., Back E. H. Breast feeding in Kingston, Jamaica. Arch Dis Child. 1970 Jun;45(241):404–409. doi: 10.1136/adc.45.241.404. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Gunn R. A., Kimball A. M., Pollard R. A., Feeley J. C., Feldman R. A., Dutta S. R., Matthew P. P., Mahmood R. A., Levine M. M. Bottle feeding as a risk factor for cholera in infants. Lancet. 1979 Oct 6;2(8145):730–732. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(79)90653-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Gurwith M., Wenman W., Hinde D., Feltham S., Greenberg H. A prospective study of rotavirus infection in infants and young children. J Infect Dis. 1981 Sep;144(3):218–224. doi: 10.1093/infdis/144.3.218. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Hales D. J. Promoting breastfeeding: strategies for changing hospital policy. Stud Fam Plann. 1981 Apr;12(4):167–172. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Hanson L. A., Winberg J. Breast milk and defence against infection in the newborn. Arch Dis Child. 1972 Dec;47(256):845–848. doi: 10.1136/adc.47.256.845. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Hoyle B., Yunus M., Chen L. C. Breast-feeding and food intake among children with acute diarrheal disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Nov;33(11):2365–2371. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/33.11.2365. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Kanaaneh H. The relationship of bottle feeding to malnutrition and gastroenteritis in a pre-industrial setting. J Trop Pediatr Environ Child Health. 1972 Dec;18(4):302–306. doi: 10.1093/tropej/18.4.302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Knodel J. Breast-feeding and population growth. Science. 1977 Dec 16;198(4322):1111–1115. doi: 10.1126/science.929189. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Larguia A. M., Urman J., Stoliar O. A., Ceriani J. M., O'Donnell A., Buscaglia J. C., Martinez J. C. Fresh human colostrum for the prevention of E. coli diarrhea--a clinical experience. J Trop Pediatr Environ Child Health. 1977 Dec;23(6):289–290. doi: 10.1093/tropej/23.6.289. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Larsen S. A., Jr, Homer D. R. Relation of breast versus bottle feeding to hospitalization for gastroenteritis in a middle-class U.S. population. J Pediatr. 1978 Mar;92(3):417–418. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80430-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Lepage P., Munyakazi C., Hennart P. Breastfeeding and hospital mortality in children in Rwanda. Lancet. 1981 Aug 22;2(8243):409–411. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)90844-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. MANNHEIMER E. Mortality of breast fed and bottle fed infants; a comparative study. Acta Genet Stat Med. 1955;5(2):134–163. doi: 10.1159/000150769. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Majumdar A. S., Ghose A. C. Protective properties of anticholera antibodies in human colostrum. Infect Immun. 1982 Jun;36(3):962–965. doi: 10.1128/iai.36.3.962-965.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Mata L. J., Wyatt R. G. The uniqueness of human milk. Host resistance to infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 1971 Aug;24(8):976–986. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/24.8.976. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Mata L. Breast-feeding: main promoter of infant health. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978 Nov;31(11):2058–2065. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/31.11.2058. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. McKigney J. The uniqueness of human milk. Economic aspects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1971 Aug;24(8):1005–1012. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/24.8.1005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Paine R., Coble R. J. Breast-feeding and infant health in a rural US community. Am J Dis Child. 1982 Jan;136(1):36–38. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1982.03970370038009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Pittard W. B., 3rd Breast milk immunology. A frontier in infant nutrition. Am J Dis Child. 1979 Jan;133(1):83–87. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1979.02130010089019. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Popkin B. M., Bilsborrow R. E., Akin J. S. Breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries. Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1088–1093. doi: 10.1126/science.7146896. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. ROBINSON M. Infant morbidity and mortality. A study of 3266 infants. Lancet. 1951 Apr 7;1(6658):788–793. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(51)92212-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. STEWART A., WESTROPP C. Breastfeeding in the Oxford Child Health Survey. II. Comparison of bottle- and breast-fed babies. Br Med J. 1953 Aug 8;2(4831):305–308. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.4831.305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Sauls H. S. Potential effect of demographic and other variables in studies comparing morbidity of breast-fed and bottle-fed infants. Pediatrics. 1979 Oct;64(4):523–527. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Schoub B. D., Prozesky O. W., Lecatsas G., Oosthuizen R. The role of breast-feeding in the prevention of rotavirus infection. J Med Microbiol. 1978 Feb;11(1):25–31. doi: 10.1099/00222615-11-1-25. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Simhon A., Yolken R. H., Mata L. S-IgA cholera toxin and rotavirus antibody in human colostrum. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1979 Mar;68(2):161–164. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb04982.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Snyder J. D., Merson M. H. The magnitude of the global problem of acute diarrhoeal disease: a review of active surveillance data. Bull World Health Organ. 1982;60(4):605–613. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Stoll B. J., Glass R. I., Huq M. I., Khan M. U., Banu H., Holt J. Epidemiologic and clinical features of patients infected with Shigella who attended a diarrheal disease hospital in Bangladesh. J Infect Dis. 1982 Aug;146(2):177–183. doi: 10.1093/infdis/146.2.177. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Taylor B., Wadsworth J., Golding J., Butler N. Breast-feeding, bronchitis, and admissions for lower-respiratory illness and gastroenteritis during the first five years. Lancet. 1982 May 29;1(8283):1227–1229. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)92347-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Winikoff B., Baer E. C. The obstetrician's opportunity: translating "breast is best" from theory to practice. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Sep 1;138(1):105–117. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(80)90018-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Winikoff B. Issues in the design of breastfeeding research. Stud Fam Plann. 1981 Apr;12(4):177–184. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Wray J. D. Direct nutrition intervention and the control of diarrheal diseases in preschool children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978 Nov;31(11):2073–2082. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/31.11.2073. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. YLPPO A., HALLMAN N., DONNER M., LOUHIVUORI K., NEVANLINNA E., YLIRUOKANEN A. Incidence of diarrhea in infants on a diet of human milk, milk powder and commercial milk; investigations performed in Helsinki, Tampere, Jyväskylä and Lappeenranta in the late summer of 1949. Ann Med Intern Fenn. 1950;39(2):142–148. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Yolken R. H., Wyatt R. G., Mata L., Urrutia J. J., Garciá B., Chanock R. M., Kapikian A. Z. Secretory antibody directed against rotavirus in human milk--measurement by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Pediatr. 1978 Dec;93(6):916–921. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)81211-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Bulletin of the World Health Organization are provided here courtesy of World Health Organization

RESOURCES