Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of the National Medical Association logoLink to Journal of the National Medical Association
letter
. 1980 Apr;72(4):361–370.

Simplified Irradiation Dosimetry in Carcinoma of the Cervix (External Irradiation and One Radium Insertion)

William E Allen Jr, Raghunath P Reddi
PMCID: PMC2552420  PMID: 7365825

Abstract

Gynecologic radiation oncologists have long desired a single unit by which radiation doses to specific reference points in the pelvis can be summed. The Patterns of Care Studies, Marcial's 1976 report to the Conference on Radiation Oncology of the American Cancer Society, and other radiation oncologists advise summed doses to Point A, Point B, or the pelvic side wall. Since there is a difference in the biologic effect of high intensity, long time interval teletherapy and low intensity, short time interval brachytherapy, the rad dose obtained from each modality cannot be simply added. Ellis and Sorenson in the Nominal Standard Dose (NSD) concept have described radium conversion factors that can be used to normalize brachytherapy rads at selected reference points to equivalent teletherapy rad. The two rad doses can then be summed. A simple method found useful in 50 cases of carcinoma of the cervix, and used with a computer or readily available reference tables and with any radium system, is described and discussed. Further clinical uses of the method are suggested.

Full text

PDF
361

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bosch A. Supra-lethal dose--a concept never explained. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1976 Sep-Oct;1(9-10):1027–1029. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(76)90134-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Buchler D. A., Kline J. C., Carr W. F. Intracavitary dosimetry for carcinoma of the cervix and subsequent complications. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1974 Sep;120(1):83–90. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(74)90183-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Buchler D. A., Kline J. C., Peckham B. M., Ellis F. The relationship of NSD to reactions and complications following treatment for malignant uterine cervical neoplasms. Radiology. 1974 Mar;110(3):687–690. doi: 10.1148/110.3.687. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chism S. E., Keys H. M., Gillin M. T. Carcinoma of the cervix: a time dose analysis of control and complications. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 1975 Jan;123(1):84–90. doi: 10.2214/ajr.123.1.84. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ellis F., Sorensen A. A method of estimating biological effect of combined intracavitary low dose rate radiation with external radiation in carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Radiology. 1974 Mar;110(3):681–686. doi: 10.1148/110.3.681. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goldson A. F., Alexander G. A., Mahan D. G., Henschke U. K. Remote afterloading for intracavitary irradiation of cervix carcinoma. J Natl Med Assoc. 1978 Jan;70(1):51–54. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Grant W., 3rd, Davis M. J. International dosimetry: an evaluation of treatment planning in clinical trials. Br J Radiol. 1975 Aug;48(572):634–637. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-48-572-634. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Jones J. C., Milan S., Lillicrap S. C. The planning of treatment of gynaecological cancer with combined intracavitary and external beam irradiation. Br J Radiol. 1972 Sep;45(537):684–691. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-45-537-684. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. KOTTMEIER H. L., GRAY M. J. Rectal and bladder injuries in relation to radiation dosage in carcinoma of the cervix. A 5 year follow-up. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1961 Jul;82:74–82. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(16)36097-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kramer S. The study of the patterns of cancer care in radiation therapy. Cancer. 1977 Feb;39(2 Suppl):780–787. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197702)39:2+<780::aid-cncr2820390712>3.0.co;2-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Laughlin J. S., Chu F., Simpson L., Watson R. C. Radiation treatment planning. Cancer. 1977 Feb;39(2 Suppl):719–728. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197702)39:2+<719::aid-cncr2820390706>3.0.co;2-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Marcial V. A. Carcinoma of the cervix: present status and future. Cancer. 1977 Feb;39(2 Suppl):945–958. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197702)39:2+<945::aid-cncr2820390734>3.0.co;2-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Maruyama Y., Nagell J. R., Jr, Wrede D. E., Coffey C., 2nd, Utley J. F., Avila J. Approaches to optimization of dose in radiation therapy of cervix carcinoma. Radiology. 1976 Aug;120(2):389–398. doi: 10.1148/120.2.389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Morrison R. A. The total biological dose. Radiology. 1975 Mar;114(3):717–721. doi: 10.1148/114.3.717. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Nass J. M., Brady L. W., Glassburn J. R., Prasasvinichai S. The radiotherapeutic management of carcinoma of the cervical stump. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1978 Mar-Apr;4(3-4):279–281. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(78)90150-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Newall J., Cooper J. S., Powers W. E., Davis L. W., Herring D. F., Sedransk J., Kramer S. Carcinoma of the uterine cervix: the Patterns of Care Study process survey. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1979 Mar;5(3):383–392. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(79)91220-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Newall J. Intracavitary applicators for cervical carcinoma: their present status. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1978 Nov-Dec;4(11-12):1115–1116. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(78)90030-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Orton C. G., Ellis F. A simplification in the use of the NSD concept in practical radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 1973 Jul;46(547):529–537. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-46-547-529. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Orton C. G. Time-dose factors (TDFs) in brachytherapy. Br J Radiol. 1974 Sep;47(561):603–607. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-47-561-603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Orton C. G., Webber B. M. Time-dose factor (TDF) analysis of dose rate effects in permanent implant dosimetry. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1977 Jan-Feb;2(1-2):55–60. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(77)90008-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Perez C. A. The critical need for accurate treatment planning and quality in radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1977 Jul-Aug;2(7-8):815–818. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(77)90069-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Reddi P. R., Nussbaum H., Wollin M., Kagan A. R. Treatment of carcinoma of the cervix uteri with special reference to radium system. Obstet Gynecol. 1974 Feb;43(2):238–247. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Reddi P. R. Radiation therapy in the treatment of invasive carcinoma of the cervix uteri and the morbidity. W V Med J. 1975 Jun;71(6):129–132. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Rosenstein L. M. A simple computer program for optimization of source loading in cervical intracavitary applicators. Br J Radiol. 1977 Feb;50(590):119–122. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-50-590-119. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Stupar T. A., Bahr G. K., Elson H. R., Aron B. S., Compaan P. J., Kereiakes J. G. Generation of iso-TDF maps: considerations for radiation therapy planning. Radiology. 1978 Mar;126(3):773–777. doi: 10.1148/126.3.773. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Tak W. K., Munzenrider J. E., Mitchell G. W., Jr External irradiation and one radium application for carcinoma of the cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1979 Jan;5(1):29–36. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(79)90035-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of the National Medical Association are provided here courtesy of National Medical Association

RESOURCES