Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1983 Nov;48(2):521–533. doi: 10.1128/jvi.48.2.521-533.1983

Synthesis and processing of glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in an in vitro system.

J T Matthews, G H Cohen, R J Eisenberg
PMCID: PMC255376  PMID: 6312106

Abstract

We carried out studies of in vitro translation and processing of glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by using mRNA from cells infected for 6 h and a reticulocyte lysate translation system. Polypeptides of 49,000 daltons were immunoprecipitated with anti-gD-1 sera. Each in vitro-synthesized molecule had the same methionine tryptic peptide profile as the respective in vivo precursors, pgD-1 and pgD-2. In addition, the polypeptides synthesized in vitro were larger than the corresponding molecules synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin. This suggested that each of the gD polypeptides synthesized in vitro contained a transient N-terminal signal sequence. When the translation mixture was supplemented with pancreatic microsomes, each of the gD polypeptides was converted cotranslationally to a larger-molecular-weight form. Processing involved addition of three N-asparagine-linked oligosaccharides and removal of the signal peptide. When trypsin was added after in vitro processing, a polypeptide which was 3,000 daltons smaller than the in vitro-modified form of gD was immunoprecipitated. Experiments with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H showed that this polypeptide still contained the three N-asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. Two monoclonal antibodies, 57S (group V) and 17O (group VII), were used to further orient gD in microsomes. The group V determinant was located in the trypsin-sensitive 3,000-dalton fragment, and the group VII determinant was located in the portion of gD which was protected from trypsin. We concluded that gD is oriented with the three glycosylation sites inside the vesicles and that 3,000 daltons containing the group V determinant are located outside. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that the group V determinant of gD is inside the plasma membrane of herpes simplex virus-infected cells and that the group VII determinant is outside. This cellular orientation is consistent with predictions based on the in vitro experiments.

Full text

PDF
521

Images in this article

523Image
on p.523
527Image
on p.527
527Image
on p.527
528Image
on p.528
528Image
on p.528
528Image
on p.528
529Image
on p.529
529Image
on p.529
530Image
on p.530
531Image
on p.531

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Blobel G., Dobberstein B. Transfer of proteins across membranes. I. Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma. J Cell Biol. 1975 Dec;67(3):835–851. doi: 10.1083/jcb.67.3.835. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bonner W. M., Laskey R. A. A film detection method for tritium-labelled proteins and nucleic acids in polyacrylamide gels. Eur J Biochem. 1974 Jul 1;46(1):83–88. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03599.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Braell W. A., Lodish H. F. Biosynthesis of the erythrocyte anion transport protein. J Biol Chem. 1981 Nov 10;256(21):11337–11344. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cohen G. H., Factor M. N., Ponce de Leon M. Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 2 replication by thymidine. J Virol. 1974 Jul;14(1):20–25. doi: 10.1128/jvi.14.1.20-25.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cohen G. H., Katze M., Hydrean-Stern C., Eisenberg R. J. Type-common CP-1 antigen of herpes simplex virus is associated with a 59,000-molecular-weight envelope glycoprotein. J Virol. 1978 Jul;27(1):172–181. doi: 10.1128/jvi.27.1.172-181.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cohen G. H., Long D., Eisenberg R. J. Synthesis and processing of glycoproteins gD and gC of herpes simplex virus type 1. J Virol. 1980 Nov;36(2):429–439. doi: 10.1128/jvi.36.2.429-439.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cohen G. H., Long D., Matthews J. T., May M., Eisenberg R. Glycopeptides of the type-common glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. J Virol. 1983 Jun;46(3):679–689. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.3.679-689.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cohen G. H., Ponce de Leon M., Nichols C. Isolation of a herpes simplex virus-specific antigenic fraction which stimulates the production of neutralizing antibody. J Virol. 1972 Nov;10(5):1021–1030. doi: 10.1128/jvi.10.5.1021-1030.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dobberstein B., Garoff H., Warren G., Robinson P. J. Cell-free synthesis and membrane insertion of mouse H-2Dd histocompatibility antigen and beta 2-microglobulin. Cell. 1979 Aug;17(4):759–769. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90316-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Eisenberg R. J., Hydrean-Stern C., Cohen G. H. Structural analysis of precursor and product forms of type-common envelope glycoprotein D (CP-1 antigen) of herpes simplex virus type 1. J Virol. 1979 Sep;31(3):608–620. doi: 10.1128/jvi.31.3.608-620.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Eisenberg R. J., Long D., Pereira L., Hampar B., Zweig M., Cohen G. H. Effect of monoclonal antibodies on limited proteolysis of native glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus type 1. J Virol. 1982 Feb;41(2):478–488. doi: 10.1128/jvi.41.2.478-488.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Eisenberg R. J., Ponce de Leon M., Cohen G. H. Comparative structural analysis of glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. J Virol. 1980 Aug;35(2):428–435. doi: 10.1128/jvi.35.2.428-435.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Eisenberg R. J., Ponce de Leon M., Pereira L., Long D., Cohen G. H. Purification of glycoprotein gD of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by use of monoclonal antibody. J Virol. 1982 Mar;41(3):1099–1104. doi: 10.1128/jvi.41.3.1099-1104.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Frink R. J., Eisenberg R., Cohen G., Wagner E. K. Detailed analysis of the portion of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome encoding glycoprotein C. J Virol. 1983 Feb;45(2):634–647. doi: 10.1128/jvi.45.2.634-647.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Inglis M. M., Newton A. A. Identification of polypeptide precursors to HSV-1 glycoproteins by cell-free translation. J Gen Virol. 1982 Jan;58(Pt 1):217–222. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-58-1-217. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Irving R. A., Toneguzzo F., Rhee S. H., Hofmann T., Ghosh H. P. Synthesis and assembly of membrane glycoproteins: presence of leader peptide in nonglycosylated precursor of membrane glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Feb;76(2):570–574. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.2.570. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Katz F. N., Rothman J. E., Knipe D. M., Lodish H. F. Membrane assembly: synthesis and intracellular processing of the vesicular stomatitis viral glycoprotein. J Supramol Struct. 1977;7(3-4):353–370. doi: 10.1002/jss.400070308. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kreil G. Transfer of proteins across membranes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:317–348. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.001533. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lee G. T., Para M. F., Spear P. G. Location of the structural genes for glycoproteins gD and gE and for other polypeptides in the S component of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA. J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):41–49. doi: 10.1128/jvi.43.1.41-49.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Palfreyman J. W., Haarr L., Cross A., Hope R. G., Marsden H. S. Processing of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins: two-dimensional gel analysis using monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol. 1983 Apr;64(Pt 4):873–886. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-64-4-873. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Palmiter R. D., Thibodeau S. N., Rogers G., Boime I. Cotranslational sequestration of egg white proteins and placental lactogen inside membrane vesicles. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1980;343:192–209. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb47252.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Pelham H. R., Jackson R. J. An efficient mRNA-dependent translation system from reticulocyte lysates. Eur J Biochem. 1976 Aug 1;67(1):247–256. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10656.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Pereira L., Dondero D. V., Gallo D., Devlin V., Woodie J. D. Serological analysis of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun. 1982 Jan;35(1):363–367. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.1.363-367.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Pizer L. I., Cohen G. H., Eisenberg R. J. Effect of tunicamycin on herpes simplex virus glycoproteins and infectious virus production. J Virol. 1980 Apr;34(1):142–153. doi: 10.1128/jvi.34.1.142-153.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Preston C. M. The cell-free synthesis of herpesvirus-induced polypeptides. Virology. 1977 May 1;78(1):349–353. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(77)90109-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Reed C. L., Cohen G. H., Rapp F. Detection of a virus-specific antigen on the surface of herpes simplex virus-transformed cells. J Virol. 1975 Mar;15(3):668–670. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.3.668-670.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Rose J. K., Welch W. J., Sefton B. M., Esch F. S., Ling N. C. Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein is anchored in the viral membrane by a hydrophobic domain near the COOH terminus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3884–3888. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3884. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Rothman J. E., Lodish H. F. Synchronised transmembrane insertion and glycosylation of a nascent membrane protein. Nature. 1977 Oct 27;269(5631):775–780. doi: 10.1038/269775a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sabatini D. D., Kreibich G., Morimoto T., Adesnik M. Mechanisms for the incorporation of proteins in membranes and organelles. J Cell Biol. 1982 Jan;92(1):1–22. doi: 10.1083/jcb.92.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Scheele G., Jacoby R., Carne T. Mechanism of compartmentation of secretory proteins: transport of exocrine pancreatic proteins across the microsomal membrane. J Cell Biol. 1980 Dec;87(3 Pt 1):611–628. doi: 10.1083/jcb.87.3.611. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Shields D., Blobel G. Efficient cleavage and segregation of nascent presecretory proteins in a reticulocyte lysate supplemented with microsomal membranes. J Biol Chem. 1978 Jun 10;253(11):3753–3756. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Showalter S. D., Zweig M., Hampar B. Monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 proteins, including the immediate-early protein ICP 4. Infect Immun. 1981 Dec;34(3):684–692. doi: 10.1128/iai.34.3.684-692.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Spear P. G. Glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex virus type 1: their synthesis, processing and antigenic relatedness to HSV -2 glycoproteins. IARC Sci Publ. 1975;(11 Pt 1):49–61. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Spear P. G. Membrane proteins specified by herpes simplex viruses. I. Identification of four glycoprotein precursors and their products in type 1-infected cells. J Virol. 1976 Mar;17(3):991–1008. doi: 10.1128/jvi.17.3.991-1008.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Spear P. G., Sarmiento M., Manservigi R. The structural proteins and glycoproteins of herpesviruses: a review. IARC Sci Publ. 1978;(24 Pt 1):157–167. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Sveda M. M., Markoff L. J., Lai C. J. Cell surface expression of the influenza virus hemagglutinin requires the hydrophobic carboxy-terminal sequences. Cell. 1982 Sep;30(2):649–656. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90261-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Toneguzzo F., Ghosh H. P. Synthesis and glycosylation in vitro of glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Apr;74(4):1516–1520. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.4.1516. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Villa-Komaroff L., McDowell M., Baltimore D., Lodish H. F. Translation of reovirus mRNA, poliovirus RNA and bacteriophage Qbeta RNA in cell-free extracts of mammalian cells. Methods Enzymol. 1974;30:709–723. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(74)30068-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Watson R. J., Weis J. H., Salstrom J. S., Enquist L. W. Herpes simplex virus type-1 glycoprotein D gene: nucleotide sequence and expression in Escherichia coli. Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):381–384. doi: 10.1126/science.6289440. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES